Cabbage is such a frequent visitor to summer cottages that people don’t even think about the fact that in order to get a decent harvest, cabbage requires care, as well as compliance with certain planting rules. Today we will tell you when to plant cabbage seedlings in 2019 according to the lunar calendar. If you follow all our advice, you will not have problems with this vegetable. All kinds of dishes are prepared from cabbage, so it is very important in the household, but of course there is no single planting date, it all depends on the variety and environmental conditions. Let's take a closer look at all these points and draw the right conclusions.
Dates for planting cabbage seedlings in 2019.
Let's determine approximate dates for when to plant cabbage seedlings by variety.
- White cabbage, early varieties - March.
- Cauliflower - late March, early April.
- Cabbage with late and medium ripening dates - April.
In order to calculate more accurate dates, you need to pay attention to the lunar cabbage planting calendar for 2019. Of course, not everyone believes in the usefulness of the lunar calendar, and this is completely in vain; our ancestors also drew attention to the fact that the lunar phases affect all living things on the planet, so it is not surprising that even now this method deserves your attention.
But not only should you be guided by the calendar when planting, you should also take into account the fact that for the full development of seedlings, and before planting them in open ground, you need to give a sufficient amount of time, for each variety it is different:
- Early ripening varieties - 2 months, from planting seedlings to planting in open ground;
- Medium varieties in terms of ripening time - 40 days;
- Late varieties - 35 days.
Planting cabbage seedlings in 2019, according to the lunar calendar:
- March: 20,25,26,30,31.
- April: 1,2,26,28.
- May: 4,5,7,8.
Dates when you can’t plant cabbage, according to the lunar calendar in 2019:
- April: 10.27
- May:11.25.
Cabbage, how to plant seedlings:
The seeds are planted in larger boxes, in which special holes are made that will serve for drainage. Then add soil to the box. Next, the soil needs to be moistened. We make small depressions of half a centimeter in the soil, with a distance of 2.5 centimeters. Place the seeds in these depressions and sprinkle with a little soil. Cover the cabbage seedlings with film, this way you create a suitable climate.
Video on the topic
Now you know when to plant cabbage seedlings in 2017 according to the lunar calendar. It's up to you whether to follow these tips or not, but in any case, you can take this knowledge into account, it won't hurt you. With this we say goodbye to you, we wish you success, until we meet again!
Favorable days for sowing cabbage according to the lunar calendar for gardeners and gardeners for sowing seedlings and in the ground: February 2, 11–16, 20–21; March 4, 9–16, 20–22, 30–31; April 1, 8–9, 12–13, 19–21; May 9–11, 16–20; June 6–7, 20–21.
Cabbage is one of the most popular garden crops, which can be grown almost everywhere except in the desert and the Far North. Most often, cabbage is grown in seedlings, especially early varieties of white cabbage, but some types and varieties can be sown directly into the ground.
The timing of sowing different types of cabbage for seedlings and in the ground for central Russia and the Moscow region:
- white and red cabbage– for hybrids and early varieties – March 10–25, for middle and late varieties – April 10–30;
- broccoli– can be sown from mid-March to the end of May, with an interval of 10–20 days;
- cauliflower– mid-March – late May, with an interval of 10–20 days;
- Brussels sprouts– from mid to late April;
- kohlrabi cabbage– from March 10–20 until the end of June, with an interval of 10–20 days;
- savoy cabbage– for early-ripening varieties – from March 10 to 30, mid-ripening – from March 15 to April 15, late-ripening – from April 1 to 15.
In the Urals and Siberia The timing of sowing cabbage for seedlings is slightly shifted: for early varieties of white cabbage - April 10-15, and for middle and late varieties - the end of April.
In the south of Russia and Ukraine The timing of sowing cabbage, on the contrary, is shifted to February: sowing of early varieties of cabbage can be done in early February, and ready-made cabbage seedlings are planted in the ground already in April.
Sowing cauliflower seedlings
Early cauliflower can be sown as early as mid to late March. To obtain constant production, cauliflower can be sown in several stages:
- 1st stage: to obtain early cauliflower – mid – late March;
- 2nd stage: end of March – mid-April;
- 3rd stage: end of April – mid-May;
- 4th stage: end of May – mid-June.
The age of cabbage seedlings from sowing seeds to planting in open ground should be:
- For white and red cabbage cabbage: hybrids and early varieties – 45–55 days, mid-ripening – 35–45 days, late-ripening – 30–35 days;
- for broccoli– 35–45 days;
- For Brussels sprouts and cauliflower cabbage– 45–50 days;
- for kohlrabi cabbage– 30–35 days;
- For Savoyard cabbage– 35–50 days.
The sowing date for cabbage is easy to calculate. From sowing to the germination of white cabbage seeds, it takes 8–10 days. Another 45–55 days pass from germination to planting cabbage seedlings in the ground. If you do not have the opportunity to keep cabbage seedlings on a glassed-in loggia or in a greenhouse at a temperature of +15...+17°C, then you will have to grow the seedlings at a higher temperature in room conditions. Then postpone sowing early cabbage for 2 weeks, to the beginning of April.
With increasing daylight hours, cabbage seedlings become less stretched and turn yellow; even with excess heat, you have a better chance of getting good seedlings. Seedlings ready for planting should have a well-developed root system and at least 4-5 true leaves.
Favorable days for sowing cabbage according to the lunar calendar for gardeners in 2016
- in February – 11–12, conditionally favorable – 2, 13–16, 20–21;
- in March – 9–10, 13, conditionally favorable – 4, 9–16, 20–22, 30–31;
- in April – 1, 8–9, 12–13, conditionally favorable – 19–21;
- in May – 9–11, conditionally favorable – 16–20;
- in June – 6–7, conditionally favorable – 20–21.
- Leafy types of cabbage can be sown at the same time and on February 22, 27–29; March 3 and 25.
When to plant cabbage seedlings in the ground
The best predecessors for cabbage are cucumbers, potatoes, onions, and garlic. It is preferable to plant cabbage after carrots, beans and other legumes, but usually these crops are grown without applying organic fertilizers, so the soil needs to be replenished with organic matter. You cannot grow cabbage after radishes, radishes, arugula and other cruciferous vegetables. It is returned to its original place no earlier than after 3 years. 20 days after planting, the plants need to be earthed up and fed. You can use mineral fertilizers for vegetables for feeding, but cabbage prefers organic ones: infusion of mullein, nettle or liquid organomineral complexes with humates.
Favorable days for caring for cabbage seedlings according to the 2016 gardener’s Lunar Sowing Calendar
- P olive cabbage : 14–15, 23 and 24, with caution on March 9; April 10–11 and 19–21; May 1–2, 7–8, 16–18, 29–30;
- June 4–5, 13–14, 25–26.
- application of complex fertilizing for cabbage seedlings: March 1–4, 6, 28–31; April 1, 6, 24–30; May 3–5, 22–26, 31; June 4–5, 23–24, 27–28.
- feeding with dry fertilizer cabbage seedlings: March 14–15; April 10–11; May 7–8.
- treatments against pests and diseases of cabbage: March 2–4, 11–13, 18–19, 28–31; April 1, 6, 8–9, 14–16, 24–28; May 3–5, 12–13, 22, 24–25; June 1–5, 8–9, 27–30.
Sowing cabbage in open ground according to the Lunar sowing calendar
If necessary, cabbage can be sown directly into the ground. True, this is only possible for early varieties of white cabbage, broccoli, kohlrabi and Chinese cabbage.
If you cover the bed with film at the beginning of April, then by mid-April the soil will warm up enough to sow cabbage under the film. And from May you can sow in open ground.
Beijing cabbage and kohlrabi are sown before the end of July.
Folk signs and secrets of the Lunar sowing calendar
An interesting point: in addition to the Lunar calendar, our ancestors also took into account the days of the week! According to their observations, one should not plant and sow on Fridays, and it is undesirable on Wednesdays. On Thursdays, you should refrain from picking cabbage and planting seedlings in open ground.
cucumbers
Favorable days for sowing cucumbers according to the Lunar calendar 2016: March 4, 9–13, 16–17, 20–22, 30–31; 8–9, 12–13, 19–21 April; 9–11, 14 (from 10 to 13), 15 (after 15), 16–21 May; 6–7, 10–14 June.
When to sow cucumbers according to the 2016 Lunar Sowing Calendar?
Cucumbers are plants native to the tropics, so they love warmth. Cucumber seedlings can be planted in soil with a temperature not lower than +15°C. Without measuring the soil temperature, the time of planting cucumbers can be determined by folk signs or other signs - when the air temperature at night does not drop below +10°C for a week, or when dandelions bloom en masse.
Planting dates for cucumbers in the middle zone
In Moscow and the Moscow region, cucumbers are sown with sprouted seeds in glass and film greenhouses in mid-May, under temporary film shelters - at the end of May, in open ground - until June 5. Ready seedlings can be planted in open ground after June 10. Or during the same period, film shelters are removed. Unfortunately, in the middle zone the cold may last until mid-June. Considering the general recommendations, it is still better to monitor the weather.
Optimal timing for planting cucumbers in the Leningrad region: sowing for seedlings - late April - early May, seedlings are planted in an unheated film or glass greenhouse on May 20-25, cucumbers are planted under film tunnel shelters on May 20-25. Film covers can be removed from cucumber plantations on June 10-15.
Timing for sowing cucumber seeds for seedlings and in the ground
How to calculate the correct time for sowing cucumbers? The optimal age of seedlings is 25-30 days. High-quality seedlings should be at least 30 cm high, with 3 to 4 leaves. To calculate the start time of fruiting, you need to take into account the early maturity of the variety. According to early ripening, all varieties and hybrids of cucumbers are divided into:
- Early ripe cucumbers bloom 32-45 days after sowing.
- Mid-season cucumbers bloom at 50-55 days.
- Late-ripening cucumbers bloom at 55-70 days.
Planting cucumbers in the Middle Urals
The favorable period for the growth and fruiting of cucumbers in the Urals, where the climate is harsh and rather cold, is very limited: frosts can occur until the first ten days of June, and sometimes until the end of the second ten days of June, and already in the third ten days of August they begin again. Therefore, in the northern regions, cucumbers are grown mainly in greenhouses and very often through seedlings. Seedlings are planted no earlier than the third ten days of May. To quickly warm up the soil in the beds, you can use the following method: immediately after the snow melts, the beds are spilled with warm water and covered with film or lutrasil.
Cucumber seedlings are being planted in the Urals: May 20 in film greenhouses without biofuel, May 1 in film greenhouses with manure. Cucumbers can be sown in open ground on the 20th of May if there is shelter. Cucumbers are planted in the ground before June 10. During the same period, you can plant zucchini and pumpkins. Early ripening varieties of cucumbers (38-45 days after emergence) can be planted in three periods: the first sowing on May 20, the second on June 1-5 and the last sowing on June 15. This will help extend the fruiting period of cucumbers until September.
In the Urals and Siberia for planting cucumbers, it is better to select hybrids with increased resistance to adverse weather factors and diseases. The most productive in the conditions of the Far East are mid-early and mid-ripening varieties of cucumbers, for example, Far Eastern–27 or Erofey selection of the Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture. Additionally, to increase the resistance of plants, it is useful to carry out pre-sowing preparation of seeds - hardening.
In the southern regions of Russia and Ukraine Cucumber seeds are sown directly in open ground from mid-April to early May. The optimal time for sowing seedlings is the last days of March.
In the Rostov region cucumber seeds can be sown in open ground at the end of April. During the same period, you can plant seedlings. When sowing cucumbers for seedlings, keep in mind that they do not tolerate transplantation well: it is better to sow cucumbers in separate peat pots.
Planting and harvesting cucumbers according to the Folk Calendar
May 19 (May 6, old style) - Job Goroshnik- the first cucumber day of the year. On this day, cucumbers are planted in the beds: “If there is a lot of dew on Job, the day is clear, and the night is warm, there will be a big harvest, but if the night is cold, it will not be a cucumber year.”
May 27 (May 14, old style) - Sidor-Borage or Sidor-Bokogrey: “If the day on Sidor is clear, expect a good harvest of cucumbers. If the weather is cold, then the whole summer is expected to be cold.”
June 1 (May 19, old style) Ivan Dolgiy. P They continue to plant cucumbers. If it rains on Ivan the Long, then the whole month promises to be dry.
June 2 (May 20, old style) Falale borage or Timofey Gryadochnik. They continue to plant cucumbers in the beds. But in the Northern regions they are just starting to plant cucumbers on Timofey: “Timofey has come - bring the cucumbers quickly.” There is also a sign: if it rains in the first two days of June, the whole month will be dry.
June 5 (May 23, old style) Levon Ogurechnik, Levon Konoplyanik- Last date for planting cucumbers. On Levon (Leonty) it was customary to plant cucumbers for pickling, because cucumbers planted at this time, according to popular belief, are the crunchiest, strongest and sweetest. There is an interesting cucumber sign: the first bed of cucumbers must be sown secretly, then the harvest will be great!
August 17 (August 4, old style) - Avdotya Malinovka, Ogurechnitsa, Senognoika. By this time, the last harvest was ripening in the beds. Now, with greenhouses and tunnel shelters, the cucumber season can be extended until September.
When starting a conversation about cabbage, some gardeners imagine a tight, white head of cabbage covered with dew drops, others - some kind of dish prepared based on this vegetable. But everyone is unanimous in the opinion that cabbage must be grown on a personal plot. This article explains how best to do this and which cabbage to choose.
Selecting seeds for growing seedlings
When choosing cabbage seeds for his plot, the gardener should know that they remain viable for 4-5 years. But it’s better to buy those that have a year or two left before their shelf life expires.
If there are doubts about the quality of the seeds, they should be checked for germination in advance. The seeds wrapped in soft cloth are moistened and left in a warm place for several days. By the number of sprouted seeds, one can judge their quality.
In addition, the use of the grown crop is of great importance.
- If the vegetable is needed for fresh consumption in spring and summer, then it is better to stick to early-ripening white cabbage.
- Mid-season varieties are good for pickling, pickling and other preparations for the winter.
- Among the later species, there are varieties that were bred by breeders specifically for long-term storage.
It follows from this that by choosing the right seeds according to their ripening time, the summer resident will have fresh vegetables on his table all year round.
You should not give up other types of cabbage.
- Chinese cabbage - the fastest ripening species, the early varieties of which ripen in 3 months.
- For broccoli The period from germination to harvest lasts from 100 to 150 days.
- Brussels sprouts will begin producing fruit four months after sowing.
- In red and white cabbage Harvest ripening dates coincide. And for early varieties they are 3 months, for mid-season varieties - from five months. Late cabbage will ripen in 6 months.
- A plant that belongs to the cabbage family and is grown to decorate a summer cottage is called decorative cabbage. Seeds should be sown with the expectation that young seedlings are not afraid of minor frosts.
When to plant cabbage seedlings in 2019
For each plant grown through seedlings, there is a period during which it must grow in home or greenhouse conditions. This is determined by the long period of its growing season. They vary significantly among different types of cabbage.
Therefore, to determine the time for sowing cabbage seeds for seedlings, you need to know:
- vegetable ripening time
- time of end of return frosts in the region
- the age of the seedlings, which determines the optimal development of the vegetable for planting in the ground
In red cabbage the growth of sufficient leaf apparatus and active development of roots lasts for 1.5-2 months after sowing the seeds.
For broccoli this period lasts from 30-45 days.
Kohlrabi It may be ready for transplantation within a month.
Brussels sprouts can be planted at the age of one and a half months.
Age of white cabbage seedlings, which can already be transferred to the site, depends on which category the vegetable belongs to.
- Early ripening varieties are planted in open ground after 1.5-2 months; hardened seedlings are not afraid of a short-term drop in temperature to -3°C.
- For mid-season cabbage, 1 to 1.5 months will be enough.
- Late-ripening varieties are planted a month after germination.
Therefore, if there is no need for a quick harvest, the seeds of the last two types of cabbage are sown as seedlings immediately in the garden plot, having built a small greenhouse under a plastic film for this purpose. In this case, the shoots appear together, and the seedlings grow hardened and hardy.
Decorative cabbage at the age of 30-40 days it will tolerate transplantation to the site at the end of April. Return frosts down to -5°C will not damage the young plant; it is frost-resistant.
If seedlings of an early ripening variety of white cabbage can be planted in the ground in late April-early May, then counting 45 days towards winter, we will find ourselves in early March. This means that you can start working with seed material during this period.
The indicated dates are indicative only. It is impossible not to take into account the weather conditions of the region and the period of time during which recurrent frosts occur. In the Moscow region, in the Urals and in Siberia, these dates will be different. Because among the representatives of the cabbage family there are heat-loving specimens.
When to sow cabbage seeds for seedlings according to the Lunar calendar in 2019
When preparing to sow vegetables, many gardeners check their decisions about planting dates with the lunar calendar. Not everyone follows the phases of the moon, but everyone knows that it is better to sow root crops on the waning moon, and vegetables whose fruits ripen on the above-ground part are sown when the moon increases.
The calendar takes into account everything: the phases of the moon, the fertility of the sign, the time of the new moon and full moon, so it is quite convenient to use.
For white cabbage and cauliflower, sowing dates according to the Lunar calendar coincide with other vegetable crops. Sowing work is excluded on the days of the new moon and full moon. It is also advisable to take into account what zodiac sign the moon is in on the day of planting.
- in January – 14-17;
- in February – 11-13, 19-21;
- in March – 10-12, 15-17, 27-30;
- in April – 6-9, 15-17, 24-26.
Planting vegetable crops on favorable days is considered the key to a future good harvest. During the growing moon, the seeds germinate faster and the seedlings develop better in the future.
Prohibited days for sowing, picking and transplanting vegetable crops in 2019
- February - 5.19;
- March - 6, 21;
- April - 5, 19;
- May - 5, 19;
- June - 3, 17;
When to sow cabbage for seedlings: video
Preparing soil and containers for sowing cabbage
To grow cabbage seedlings, you need fertile soil with high penetration of moisture and air.
Its composition may contain:
- two parts of garden land,
- one part of humus or finished compost,
- with the addition of one part of peat.
Sawdust or sand is added to the soil mixture to improve the structure. Wood ash (1 cup per bucket of soil) will replace a complex of mineral fertilizers.
Prepare the soil in advance and disinfect it with a manganese solution. You can heat-treat it in the oven or pour boiling water over it.
If the treated soil is kept free from sowing for two weeks, adding bioinsecticides (Baikal-EM1) or biofungicides (Fitosporin), then the microflora in it will have time to recover. Beneficial bacteria are very important for the development of young shoots.
If you don’t have your own soil, purchase it from a gardening store, the same place where you bought the seeds. You should also stock up on peat pots, as this is the most suitable container for sowing cabbage seeds.
But industrial soil should also be subjected to additional processing. Often its basis is peat, so the addition of dolomite flour or slaked lime is required. Cabbage does not like acidic soils.
Cabbage sprouts are very fragile, and the root system does not like to be disturbed. Therefore, sowing in separate pots is the best option for growing cabbage seedlings.
Strong and healthy shoots Here it also has a minimum of contact with the root system. The plant tolerates transplantation into “diapers” painlessly.
Preparing and sowing cabbage seeds
Pre-sowing preparation consists of several stages.
The seeds selected for sowing are scattered on a small dish and an inspection is carried out, discarding those that are too small and damaged.
Check the seed for completeness. Sorted seeds are poured into salt water (a spoon per liter). Here they will spontaneously split into two factions. Those that float up should be carefully drained with water, and the remaining ones should be placed in a gauze bag and rinsed thoroughly under running water.
Disinfection. The most common and accessible method: disinfection in a weak solution of manganese. 30 minutes will be enough to complete this procedure. Then the seeds are washed again, and the next stage begins.
Germination used to obtain uniform shoots and determine the quality of seed material. However, vigorous germination should not be allowed; such seeds can be easily damaged during sowing.
Each variety of cabbage must be sown in different containers. The depth should not be more than 1 cm. The temperature for germination is 20°C. Shoots will appear on days 2-5, depending on pre-sowing treatment.
After most of the seeds have germinated, the seedlings will need to lower the temperature to +15°C. If there is a glazed balcony or loggia, then problems with cool conditions will not arise.
Daylight hours for cabbage seedlings should be 14-16 hours long. In the spring, in a city apartment, fluorescent lamps come to the aid of the gardener.
Depending on the length of the day, the seedlings are additionally illuminated for 2-3 hours in the morning and evening. If spring has been stingy with the number of sunny days, then the lamps can be left on all day.
The seedlings should be watered as the top layer of soil in the container dries slightly. Both overwatering and lack of water are contraindicated for cabbage.
- the first factor will lead to plant disease with black leg
- the second will slow down the development of seedlings, which will immediately affect its quality. As a result, the yield of the vegetable will decrease.
If the crops were sown in a common container, then during the formation of the second leaf they will require diving. These can be individual cups, or a larger seedling box.
During the period of growing seedlings at home, they should be fed at least twice. It is quite problematic to prepare the necessary composition from the necessary batteries at home, for the reason that they are needed in minute quantities. Therefore, it is much more convenient to purchase a ready-made fertilizer complex and use it according to the instructions.
The first feeding is carried out at the stage of development of the second true leaf, if the seedling is grown in a separate pot. The harvested seedlings are fed a week after this work. The second application of fertilizer should be carried out two weeks before the expected planting time.
And 10 days before transplanting plants into open ground, hardening begins. It is more convenient, of course, to do this directly in the garden. Starting from half an hour, increase the time the seedlings spend in the fresh air, gradually accustoming the plant to the sun, wind and other vagaries of nature.
Towards the end of the period of air procedures, the seedlings can be left outside overnight.
Features of cultivation
Similar to its white cabbage relative. The best temperature for successful plant development is 20-25°C. An adult plant can tolerate frosts down to -7°C. Recommended as a dietary product. Has a high content of vitamins.
- the most heat-loving of all and picky about growing conditions. Seedlings are also planted at the age of one to one and a half months. You need fertile soil, a sunny area and abundant regular watering. To make the heads white, shade them by breaking the leaves.
Chinese cabbage The good thing is that early harvesting is possible when sowing seeds for seedlings. And planting in open ground at the end of April will allow the plant to be used as a compactor. In addition, Chinese cabbage can be harvested twice per season. Sowing seeds at the end of July on the site will bear fruit at the end of September.
It is used by all gardeners, without exception.
If the stem is not removed after the early variety of cabbage has ripened, then by the end of summer small heads of cabbage from dormant buds will form on it. By leaving one or two fruits on the plant you can get an additional increase of good quality to the harvest.
It can reach a height of 80 cm, so when planted next to a cucumber bed, it will act as a windbreak. In addition, such a neighborhood is mutually beneficial for the development of both cultures.
Red cabbage a representative of the cabbage plant family is grown in smaller volumes compared to its white cabbage counterpart. This is due to the fact that it is used less in preparations for the winter. More often it is stored fresh in cellars and vegetable stores.
You could write a separate article, it is so extraordinary and attractive. Having grown seedlings, it is not necessary to plant them immediately in a permanent place; they tolerate transplantation very easily.
The diversity of the color palette and the sophistication of the shape of the leaves will not leave any summer resident indifferent to the plant. Corrugated, wavy, dissected - they increase their decorative qualities with the onset of cold weather. Their color saturation increases, which makes ornamental cabbage an indispensable decoration for the garden plot.
Looks good in separate flowerpots that can be moved depending on the owner’s mood. And under the snow, decorative cabbage looks simply fabulous, and only a spring thaw will break this charm.
If you transplant the plant into a pot in the fall and move it into the room, it will retain its decorative appearance until the New Year. When cut, the flower-vegetable will stand in water for a month.
How to sow cauliflower for seedlings: video
The purpose of this article is to introduce the gardener to the basics of growing seedlings of different types of cabbage. Now you know when and how to sow cabbage seedlings.
Cabbage is grown throughout Russia. The tasty vegetable is valued for its ease of cultivation and beneficial properties. When working with seedlings, gardeners take into account favorable days for planting cabbage in May, according to the lunar calendar. By planting sprouts in fertile constellations during the waxing phase of the moon, you can increase the yield of garden crops.
Description of culture
Cabbage belongs to the Cruciferous family. It is used in cooking, folk medicine, and cosmetology.
The head of cabbage contains a large amount of minerals necessary for humans. The vegetable is considered a low-calorie and nutritious food.
In almost every garden plot, cabbage seedlings are planted in open ground. To get a rich harvest you need:
- Select high-quality seed material suitable for the region and climatic conditions;
- Prepare a site for planting seedlings;
- Observe the recommended time for sowing seeds and planting roots in open ground;
- Take care of the plant;
- Harvest on time.
On a note. To find out which day is favorable for working with the soil, you can look at the lunar calendar for gardeners. It takes into account the phases of the moon and the influence of the zodiacal constellations on the vital activity of the plant world.
Popular varieties
The variety is selected according to the time of ripening and the method of using the vegetable. The content of minerals and vitamins is individual for each variety. The chemical composition of the plant is influenced by the rules of agricultural technology and the composition of the soil.
Popular varieties
Late varieties for winter storage:
- Aggressor - the growing season is 120 days. The variety belongs to the mid-late variety. Features of the Aggressor are unpretentiousness in care, resistance to diseases. Seeds can be planted directly in open ground. The average weight of a head of cabbage reaches 4 kg. Recommended storage period is 5 months;
- Amager is a late variety, the growing season lasts up to 147 days. The shape of a mature head of cabbage is round-flat, average weight is 3 kg. For 1 sq. m plant 3-4 roots of seedlings. Retains presentation and taste characteristics for up to 6 months;
- Valentina - the ripening period from the moment of planting seedlings in open ground lasts up to 180 days. The average weight of a head of cabbage reaches 4 kg. Mature cabbage is gray-green and has a small colored waxy coating. The vegetable can be stored until early June next year.
Mid-season cabbage:
Early ripening varieties:
- June - seedlings can be planted in the garden at the beginning of May; by the end of July they begin to harvest. The average weight of a head of cabbage is 1.5 kg. The variety is distinguished by excellent taste characteristics and simultaneous emergence of seedlings;
- Tobia - the growing season from the moment the seedlings are planted is 90 days. The heads of cabbage are dense, the leaves fit tightly to each other. The variety is resistant to diseases; the head does not crack if there is excess moisture. Tobia cabbage retains its marketable appearance for six months.
When to plant cabbage in May
In May the weather returns to normal and the risk of spring frosts is minimal. Gardeners are beginning to actively plant seedlings and seedlings in garden beds. In order for the plant to grow and develop, experienced gardeners plant according to the lunar calendar. It indicates the phases of the moon, favorable and unfavorable days for working with soil and plants.
May lunar calendar
People have noticed the influence of the moon on the life of the plant world since ancient times. Thanks to the systematization of accumulated knowledge and observations, a lunar calendar was compiled, which is used by gardeners. To find out whether it is possible to plant cabbage today, you do not need to know the phases of the moon; just look at the lunar calendar for working with the soil and choose favorable planting days for cabbage in May.
Moon phases in May:
- Waning moon (May 1-14);
- New Moon (May 15);
- Waxing moon (May 16-28);
- Full Moon (May 29);
- Waning moon (May 30, 31).
On a note. It is important to focus on weather conditions in the region. If spring is late, it is recommended to choose frost-resistant varieties suitable for a particular area. In cold spring, seedlings are planted under cover. Therefore, choosing a day only according to the lunar calendar when you can plant cabbage in May is undesirable.
The lunar calendar indicates the dates when it is undesirable to carry out work on planting cabbage in open ground - these are May 1, 2, 6, 21, 30, 31.
If you work on the garden plot with soil on unfavorable days, it is believed that the plant takes root worse, develops more slowly, and produces a meager harvest. Therefore, experienced gardeners recommend choosing only favorable days when you can plant cabbage seedlings in May.
Technology of planting seedlings in open ground
In addition to choosing the right day for planting seedlings, you must follow agricultural techniques and simple manipulations for caring for vegetable crops.
Instructions for planting cabbage:
The first days after planting, the plant must be carefully monitored. It is important that young shoots are not exposed to direct sunlight. The first 3-4 days the bed must be shaded. You can make a shelter from the sun from newspaper caps or shade it with dry twigs.
The soil must be moist. After a new leaf appears on a seedling, it is believed that it has taken root in the garden bed. If planting was done on favorable days according to the rules of agricultural technology, then you can expect a rich harvest of tasty and juicy cabbage.
The influence of moon phases on harvest
The gardener's goal is to have a rich harvest at the end of the season. So that the work is not in vain, gardeners carefully select seeds, fertilize the beds, water and loosen the soil, and take into account the phases of the moon when working with the soil.
Moon phases
Each phase of the moon has a special effect on planting work.
- New moon. This phase of the moon negatively affects planted plants and is considered a period of weakening of young seedlings. Any planting work is contraindicated;
- Waxing Crescent. Favorable time for planting plants with ground fruits;
- Full moon. During this period, it is not recommended to plant seedlings in open ground; it is best to work with the soil using garden tools: weeding, loosening, watering;
- Waning moon. At this time, fertilizing will have a positive effect on the plant. It is recommended to plant crops such as: carrots, potatoes, onions, garlic.
In addition to the phases of the moon, when planting seedlings, gardeners take into account the influence of zodiac signs on the future harvest.
In the lunar calendar, the zodiac constellations are divided into fertile and barren. Cancer is considered the most favorable constellation for working with the earth.
Sowing and rooting of sprouts can be done if the moon is in Capricorn, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Libra, Pisces.
There are folk signs when planting cabbage:
- You cannot sow cabbage on Monday, Tuesday and Thursday. These days are considered masculine. The heads of cabbage will not grow;
- Working with cabbage seedlings during the new moon is strictly prohibited. It is believed that cabbage planted on the new moon will rot;
- Planting cabbage in a crooked environment means getting a wormy and smallest harvest (a crooked environment is the last one before the trinity).
If you plan sowing and planting seedlings in open ground according to favorable days according to the lunar calendar, you can increase the viability of plants and influence their development and growth. When planting cabbage seedlings in the garden, it is important to take into account the weather conditions characteristic of the area. If you follow simple rules, you can grow a rich harvest of cabbage with minimal labor.
You can’t count on a big harvest either. In order for the seedlings to turn out healthy and hardy, it is necessary to comply with all the requirements for proper sowing of seeds and care.
Before purchasing planting material, decide what kind of cabbage you ultimately want to get, why and when you will need it in finished form. Are you planning to use young cabbage for making salads, or do you need the vegetable for fermentation and long-term winter storage? The choice of variety and sowing time will depend on the answer to this question.
Early ripening varieties of white cabbage produce a small harvest. The weight of the heads reaches 1.5 kg with a relatively low density. Mid-season cabbage can either be eaten immediately after harvesting, or used to prepare preparations for the winter in the form of pickles. And late-ripening varieties will best retain their freshness throughout the cold period of the year.
The time for planting seedlings in the beds depends on the ripening time of the vegetable. And the time at which the seeds are planted depends on the time of transplanting the seedlings into open ground.
Sowing cabbage seed for seedlings - as well as planting seedlings in open ground - is carried out during a period that depends on the weather characteristic of a given climatic zone and on the variety of vegetable.
The age of seedlings completely ready for planting in the soil is different for each variety.
- Planting on the beds white cabbage early varieties are produced for seedlings that have reached 45–60 days of age. For late species, 35-day-old seedlings are sufficient. This rule also applies red cabbage and hybrid varieties.
- Before transferring to the beds broccoli seedlings should reach 35–45 days of age.
- Cauliflower planted in beds when seedlings reach 45–50 days of age. Brussels sprouts planted in the same way.
- Kohlrabi planted at the age of 35 days, and seedlings savoy cabbage can “bear” up to 50 days.
When to sow seeds for seedlings
Taking into account the timing of planting seedlings of different varieties of cabbage in beds, the time for sowing seeds is calculated. We give approximate timing for the middle zone.
- Early ripening white cabbage is sown between 10 and 25 March. At the same time, hybrid varieties and red cabbage are being sown. Mid-season and late types of similar varieties are sown on April 10–15.
- Broccoli planting material is sown several times. The time interval between sowings is 15–20 days. The first time is sown in the second ten days of March, and the last time - in the third ten days of May. Do the same with cauliflower.
- Brussels sprouts seeds are planted in the second half of April.
- If you want to harvest kohlrabi cabbage early, sow it in the second decade of March. Kohlrabi seeds are also sown for seedlings several times. But it is not recommended to do this after June. If you follow all the rules, you can immediately plant the seeds in open soil.
- Savoy cabbage of early ripening varieties is sown from March 10 to March 20. It is better to sow mid-season species from April 10 to 20, and late ones - in the first days of the month.
How to prepare cabbage seeds for sowing
To a huge extent, the success of the future cabbage harvest depends on good seedlings, and they, in turn, come from high-quality seeds, so buy the best quality seeding material.
Before planting seeds, they must first be prepared. At the stage of sowing seeds, you can use certain actions to significantly reduce the likelihood of serious cabbage diseases occurring in the future, which will allow you to obtain healthy and hardy seedlings.
When purchasing planting material that has already been processed (which is usually indicated on the bag of seeds), you just need to hold them for 20 minutes in water heated to +50°C. You can eliminate the likelihood of fungal diseases of cabbage if you cool them in cold water for 5 minutes after warming up.
Note! Some varieties of cabbage do not require wetting the seeds before planting. Be sure to take this point into account.
Soaking seeds is a classic method for speeding up their germination.
How to prepare the soil for sowing cabbage seeds
You can get strong cabbage seedlings if you properly prepare a nutrient soil mixture. It is best to prepare the soil for seedlings in the fall. It is acceptable, but less advisable, to prepare the mixture immediately before sowing the seeds.
Take one part of turf and humus, a small amount of ash (10 tablespoons per 10 kg of soil) and stir thoroughly. The ash here will not only supply the soil with useful elements, but will also prevent the occurrence of blackleg on seedlings due to its antiseptic properties.
The soil should be treated with water and a small amount of potassium permanganate for disinfection. When preparing the soil mixture, it is necessary to adhere to an acidity level equal to or close to neutral.
Of course, it is possible to make an earthen composition based both on turf and on the basis of other nutritious ingredients, such as peat, for example. The resulting soil mixture should have good air permeability and be fertile.
On a note! Suitable soil for cabbage seedlings can be found commercially. For these purposes, not only soil mixture intended directly for cabbage is suitable. The use of universal primer is also allowed. The soil from your garden is unsuitable, as using it increases the risk of seedlings being infected.
Step-by-step instructions for properly sowing cabbage seeds
Cabbage seedlings will take root better in open ground if produced. This will also have a positive effect on the volume of its root system, and the plants themselves will be stronger.
Table. Instructions for growing cabbage seedlings.
| Steps, photo | Description of actions |
|---|---|
| Cabbage seeds need a lot of water immediately after sowing, so the soil must be moistened abundantly before planting. And after sowing, cabbage should not be irrigated until the first shoots appear, in order to prevent infection with blackleg. |
| The seed is planted in prepared containers. |
| After the seedlings appear, they are thinned out. As a result, a free space of about 20x20 mm should appear around each shoot. |
| After 14 days, the seedlings dive. To do this, they are planted in separate cassettes with cells of approximately 30x30 mm, deepening the stems to the level of the cotyledons. |
| After another 2 weeks, the seedlings are again transplanted into a container with an area of about 50x50 mm. Plastic cups pre-treated with any solution that prevents the development of fungus (for example, copper sulfate) or peat pots are suitable for these purposes. |
If you do not plan to pick cabbage seedlings, it is recommended to immediately plant the seeds in a separate container. Then its roots will reach the required size, and transfer to open ground will take place in the most gentle way.
Lighting, temperature and watering cabbage seedlings
To grow strong and stocky plants, you need to provide the seedlings with additional lighting, since there is not enough light in the rooms where they usually grow. For illumination purposes, a regular fluorescent lamp is suitable, which should illuminate the cabbage for 12 to 15 hours daily.
Watering the seedlings occurs when the soil surface dries out. Cabbage is a moisture-loving plant. But with excess moisture, blackleg disease may develop or root rot may occur. To harden cabbage seedlings and prevent moisture stagnation, it is recommended to ventilate the room after irrigation.
Before the first shoots of white cabbage appear, it is necessary to maintain the room temperature from +18°C to +20°C. Then, for young shoots, the optimal temperature will be from +15°C to +17°C during the day, and from +8°C to +10°C at night. Such a wide temperature range is necessary to strengthen the seedlings and prevent them from stretching.
For cauliflower, the same rule applies, but the average temperature should be higher. The excess should be 5–7°C relative to those night and day temperatures that are maintained when growing white cabbage seedlings. If this is not observed, the harvest will be worse and the inflorescences will be smaller in size.
If we talk about the middle zone, then it is preferable to grow watermelons here (as well as some other crops - for example, melon) through seedlings. In reality, there is nothing complicated in this process, the main thing is to know and how to do it.
How to fertilize cabbage seedlings
During the period of growing seedlings, cabbage must be fed. In total, such fertilizing needs to be applied three to four times.
For the first time, fertilizing is carried out when the seedlings have taken root sufficiently after picking. As a rule, this period ranges from a week to ten days. Fertilizing is carried out using the following composition: 1 g of potassium chloride, 4 g of superphosphate, 2.5 g of ammonium nitrate per 1 liter of warm water. A composition of one tablespoon of urea diluted in 10 liters of water is also suitable. Stress caused by picking plants is well neutralized by feeding prepared from chicken manure (or mullein) and water in a ratio of 1:10.
The seedlings are fed the second time in the period from 12 to 14 days after the first feeding took place. To do this, the seedlings are irrigated with a mixture of 4 g of ammonium nitrate per 1 liter of water.
The third time, fertilizing is carried out seven days before transferring the seedlings to open ground. Fertilizer is applied from bird droppings (or mullein) or the following composition is used: 3 g ammonium nitrate, 2 g potassium chloride, 8 g superphosphate per 1 liter of water.
On a note! Additionally, you can feed the seedlings using yeast-based fertilizer. To do this, dilute from 50 to 70 g of yeast in 5 liters of water. After 1–2 days, you can irrigate the seedlings with this mixture.
Video - Sowing cabbage for seedlings