Everyone who has faced the problem of connecting buildings and structures to power supply knows how difficult it is sometimes to find components and materials that are suitable not only for local conditions (specific work), but also for the price. For the private sector, the latter factor in some cases is almost the main one.
That is why it is carried out mainly with a SIP cable (the correct name is a self-supporting insulated wire), since it satisfies the owners in all respects. Its characteristics are a separate issue. But with the installation features, devices that are necessary for wiring the line (the so-called punctures for the SIP cable), it is worth understanding in more detail, since their use has a number of nuances that are not typical when using other types of cables.
The power supply scheme for individual sites is often quite complex, since there may be several buildings on the territory that need to be connected to an industrial network. In order to make branches from the line, not only professional knowledge and skills are required, but also special reinforcing elements for various connections (couplings and the like).
But the main difficulty is in cutting the cable, connections, and reliable isolation of these sections. With your own hands (and this is the most common installation option in the private sector), all this is quite difficult to do. But when working with SIP, nothing of the kind is required. For this, there are special branch clamps called punctures. Consequently, the process of assembling the power supply circuit on site is greatly simplified.
Puncture design for cable
- Frame. The specific operation of the puncture requires its increased strength and resistance to atmospheric factors. Therefore, reinforced polymers or duralumin are used for its manufacture.
- Connecting plates. The peculiarity of their execution is in the teeth, which pierce the cable insulation, providing electrical contact.
- Bolts are tight. Depending on the modification of the puncture 1 - 2 pieces. Heads of stall type, that is, this fastener is intended for one-time use.
- caps. After installation in place, they completely cover the ends of the SIP, which can stick out of the outlet clamps. This ensures the tightness of the connections.
What gives the use of punctures
- The technology of installation work is simplified, since it is not necessary to deal with cutting the SIP cable.
- Reliable, sealed electrical contact.
- The ability to connect a branch to the line without removing voltage from it. It is important, considering how much time it takes, for example, a summer resident to find a local electrician, and even persuade him to de-energize the network.
Varieties of punctures for SIP
DOE
Branch insulated clamps are used when installing lines with voltage up to 1,000 V.
The puncture installation technique is well illustrated by the figure. Dismantling the clamp (if it is necessary to disconnect the branch line) is carried out quickly. It is enough to loosen the lower head, after which the device can be easily removed.
ZORRB IEK
This modification of punctures is used when it is necessary to make 2 taps from one point on the line, and using a different type of cable. Such clamps make punctures only on the network “thread”, and to attach a branch, its end will have to be cut, as usual.
In the private sector, they are used less often, since the tightness of the contact point is not high enough. Therefore, with an external connection of SIP, such clamps are limited in use. The photo shows the internal puncture device ZOZRB IEK (without body).
Brief instructions for installing punctures
Attention! Despite the fact that all external parts of the branch terminals are insulated, work is carried out only in protective equipment (gloves, rubber mat, etc.) and using a tool with dielectric handles.
- Disconnection of conductors(from twisting) on the line of industrial / voltage. For this, there are special devices - dielectric wedges.
Alternatively, wood. But in this case, the wires to which the connection is made must be de-energized.
The wedge is installed between the cores, and the current-carrying wires are unwound in order to be able to mount a puncture on each. This determines the sufficiency of work at this stage.
- Puncture installation. Nothing complicated, since it is selected according to the cross section of the conductors.
- The end of the branch line cable is placed in the free trough.(pre-straightened), and the head of the clamping bolt is screwed in as far as it will go. And so that she fell off. This indicates that reliable contact is provided.