Sooner or later, owners of country houses and private houses will have to solve the problem - how to cover the stove? A failed heating device poses a threat to the life and health of the inhabitants of the house. It's no coincidence that the rules fire safety It is prohibited to operate a faulty stove. The work of a master stove maker is not cheap. However, if necessary, you can repair the “heart of the house” yourself.
Why is it prohibited to operate a faulty stove?
The oven can fail for various reasons. Sometimes it’s easier not to cover up any defects that appear, but to rebuild the stove. However, such drastic measures are rarely required. As a rule, the main reasons for the emergency condition are shrinkage, poor-quality materials and errors made when laying out the fireplace.
Heat supply systems require regular Maintenance. According to SNiP standards, heating devices in a dacha must be inspected twice a year. And in a private house at least once a quarter. Unfortunately, most homeowners neglect these requirements.
Only a complete oven can be used
The main danger for the residents of the house is not a collapsed fireplace, but the cracks that appear in it. The explanation is simple - no one will heat a stove that is obviously in emergency condition, but cracks cannot always be noticed in time. Carbon smoke leaking through them is a serious danger for the inhabitants of the house. According to statistics provided by the Ministry of Emergency Situations, in a fire, 70% of people die from smoke, and of those who survive, 42% end up in hospital with carbon monoxide poisoning.
Therefore, timely repairs are the key to the safety of your family. Most stove makers, when asked: “how to cover the stove so that it does not crack from the heat?”, will advise using clay. However, there is a nuance here. There are several types of mixtures and almost all of them use clay.
Clay is the basis of kiln masonry mortars
Clay is the main component in the manufacture of masonry stove mixtures. This is explained by its unique quality - when heated, it turns into stone. The clay solution can withstand high temperatures and ensures the reliability of the entire structure. But other ingredients are also used for production. Clay is divided into two types: dry and oily. When heated, the first one crumbles, and the second one cracks and dries out.
Proper laying of bricks on clay mortar
Note that the ratio of solution components will always be different. Each time the proportions are determined through experiments. After all, no two absolutely identical breeds are ever found in nature. For each solution, depending on the fat content of the clay, the ideal combination of ingredients will change.
The quality of the breed is determined as follows. You need to roll up a clay cord 1 cm thick and 20 cm long, and then wrap it around a wooden piece with a diameter of 5 cm. A strand of normal clay gradually stretches and when its thickness decreases by more than 70% of the initial volume, it breaks.
The most common is a mixture of clay and sand. It is in demand for laying, finishing and repairing fireplaces.
Clay-sand mortar - a simple and cheap way
The name “clay-sand mortar” speaks for itself. It consists of sand, clay and water. Oddly enough, problems can arise even with water - it should not contain mineral salts and silt. Otherwise, even whitewashing will not save you from protruding salt stains. At the beginning of the 20th century, craftsmen used rainwater to mix the solution. However, it is not only water that needs purification.
The sand used to prepare the solution is first sifted through a sieve. This allows you to clear it of gravel, grass and roots, which makes the masonry joint thin and neat. Before you start mixing the solution, the clay must be soaked in warm water for 12 o'clock.
Prepare the clay-sand mortar correctly
The step-by-step production of the mixture is as follows:
- 1. Stir the wet clay solution - there should be no lumps in it.
- 2. Add sifted sand to the prepared mixture. The optimal combination is 4 parts clay and 2 sand. Although the amount of sand depends on the clay, or more precisely, its fat content.
- 3. Sometimes, if whitewashing of the hearth is not planned, lime is added to the solution. After mixing the solution until creamy, cover the container with plastic wrap and forget about it for 12 hours.
- 4. Don’t forget to stir the settled mixture, and then form a ball out of it and squeeze it - if cracks appear, add more water.
- 5. Straw is added to the clay as a reinforcing layer. However, today more reliable materials have appeared. When restoring the stove, cover it with plaster mesh, this will allow you to forget about repairs for a long time.
Despite the low cost of the components, such a clay-sand mortar confidently competes with modern construction grouts and adhesives.
Features of stove repair using fireclay clay
Fireclay clay is often used in the construction and repair of brick kilns. After heat treatment, this rock receives additional properties. Kaolin clay is used to make fireclay. During heat treatment (+1500 degrees) it turned into stone. The resulting stone powder is added to the mortar when repairing or constructing a furnace.
Fireclay clay differs from similar materials in the following advantages:
- resistance to high temperatures,
- vapor permeability,
- high adhesive properties.
In addition, fireclay clay is safe for human health and will ensure a long service life of the fireplace. Unfortunately, there were some negative qualities.
Fireclay does not occur in nature, and the kaolin clay that underlies it is a rather rare material. It is not surprising that the main disadvantage of such material is the price. The second nuance is that fireclay does not tolerate a humid atmosphere. Therefore, in order to properly seal the stove, you need to use other materials (cement, quarry sand).
The finishing mixture of fireclay for fireplace repair is created in the following proportions: 7 parts sand, 1 cement and 2 clay. The amount of water is selected individually. The proportions may vary slightly, but this combination is considered the best.
A chamotte solution will be more reliable if you follow certain regulations when making it: first of all, dilute the cement to the state of thick milk, then add the remaining components.
Previously, refractory clay was soaked in water for three days before work - this gave it plasticity. Products from modern manufacturers do not require such lengthy preparation. The solution can be mixed immediately after the last component is poured into the container. Rough kneading is done using available tools (shovel, hoe, etc.). But it’s better to finish mixing the mixture manually. In this case, the solution will turn out to be of higher quality - after all, you will feel even the smallest lumps with your hands.
Heat-resistant glue - rapid repair of furnace equipment
Of course, it is stupid to deny the advantages of traditional solutions, but sometimes the furnace requires prompt repairs. For example, a planned celebration at a winter cottage may be in jeopardy due to a faulty stove. In this case, it will be difficult to obtain clay. Of course, stores sell fireclay mixtures all year round, but they cannot be used immediately after purchase. What can you use to cover up your home or country fireplace other than clay-based solutions?
Heat-resistant adhesive is great for laying a stove
One option is a heat-resistant adhesive designed to work with fireplaces and stoves. This glue is sold in the form of a dry mixture or immediately ready for use. However, if there is a large amount of work to be done, it is better to use dry glue, since the liquid mixture dries quickly.
The main components of heat-resistant mixtures are the same fireclay, cement, sand, synthetic and mineral additives. Depending on the type of glue, one or another element predominates in it. After all, each of them is responsible for a specific characteristic. For example, cement is responsible for strength, synthetic additives increase ductility and moisture resistance, and fireclay increases heat resistance. Therefore, when planning to repair a stove using heat-resistant glue, pay attention to its composition.
The procedure for carrying out repair work
In fact, after self-made The repair itself is unlikely to cause many difficulties:
- 1. The surface is cleaned of any remaining plaster and finishing material.
- 2. The oven needs to be slightly melted, after which the cracks that appear are poured with water. This will prevent the kiln brick from absorbing moisture from the mortar.
- 3. The mixture is smeared into the cracks, and its remains are laid in an even layer on the surface of the oven.
- 4. At the final stage, the entire surface is plastered.
The oven will be ready for use only after the solution has dried. By the way, in this regard, homemade solutions are inferior to heat-resistant glue - it dries in 30 minutes, after which you can start kindling.
The work itself with heat-resistant mixtures almost completely repeats the work with clay solutions. The only difference is that after sealing the cracks, the stove is not plastered, but is finished with solid adhesive, heat-resistant mixtures.
How to cover the stove so that it does not crack from the heat, what solution?
How to cover the stove - choose a solution and restore the stove yourself Sooner or later, owners of country and private houses will have to solve the problem - how to cover the stove? Broken heating system
How to cover a stove to prevent it from cracking
Over time, cracks may appear in the furnace masonry. This is due to uneven heating of the material from which the oven is made. As a rule, this is a refractory brick held together with a solution of fireclay clay. Such masonry can withstand extreme temperature loads, but it does not last forever.
Cracks (if they are through) pose a serious danger to the health and life of people operating such a damaged stove, since poisonous carbon monoxide penetrates into the room through them. Accordingly, the issue of repairing damage must be resolved immediately. There are several proven methods, each of which, if the technology is followed, guarantees up to 10 years of excellent stove service.
"Diagnostics" of cracks
First you need to determine how serious intervention the cracked surface requires. If it is a network of small cracks, but for the first time you can get by with superficial repairs - remove the layer of finishing and plaster down to the brick, cover it well and plaster the stove. If the tiled cladding or the masonry itself is seriously damaged, then it will need to be dismantled and restored. In any case, you need to master working with clay.
Clay + sand = classic oven coating method
The use of clay in the construction and repair of stoves is a traditional method. This material has universal qualities - plasticity, viscosity, and when fired - strength, fire-resistant properties, durability. Sand acts as a fixative; it protects against cracking and spalling of the hardened mortar from the masonry.
Solution preparation technology
- In order to properly prepare a refractory mortar, you will need equal proportions of clay and sand. But first you need to work on the clay - fill it with water (1 part clay, 3 parts water), leave it to soak for at least a day. To do this, it is convenient to use large dishes, for example, a barrel.
- Next, the clay solution is mixed and kneaded, adding water if necessary, filtered on a medium-sized sieve (3x3 mm) and settled. Afterwards, drain the water and work with the prepared purified clay, which should resemble sour cream in thickness.
- Now it is necessary to determine the need for clay in sand, for which these natural substances are mixed in small quantities in a 1:1 ratio, the composition is thoroughly mixed and its quality is checked. To do this, you need to pay attention to the stick with which you mix the solution - if there is a lot of clay on it, then the solution is greasy and you should add sand, but if a few clots stick, then it is suitable for the job. Sand should be added 0.5 parts at a time so as not to make a mistake with the proportions of the components.
Thus, it will be determined that to prepare a high-quality solution for 1 part of clay, for example, you need 2.5 parts of sand. This is the main stage of the work, since a properly prepared composition will not subsequently crack, tightly holding the damaged area of the furnace.
Non-traditional reinforcing additives
To increase the strength of the clay solution, it is saturated with ingredients of natural origin. As a rule, this is horse manure and seedings or chopped straw (chaff).
The traditional preparation of this building material specifically - they knead it with their feet. So that such a mixture is enough to coat the oven, you will need 4 buckets of clay prepared according to the recipe outlined above, and one bucket each of sand and water. By gradually mixing this mixture with the flooring, you need to achieve a state where the material does not leave marks on your feet, that is, it is evenly mixed and does not contain lumps or excess liquid. The prepared solution should be covered with oilcloth and left for 12 hours (for example, overnight), then rinsed again. It is now ready to use. By the way, horse manure containing undigested herbs also has similar reinforcing properties.
The oven will be completely dry in a month. Only then can it be whitened with lime (preferably in several layers) colored in any color.
Of course, repairing cracks in a stove yourself is a long and labor-intensive task. However, the resulting result is undoubtedly greater than the one or two months spent – it will last for years!
Quote from a note to the article: “. If there are cracks, then you need to add more clay.” Apparently you still need to add sand and not clay.
Quote from a note to the article: “. If there are cracks, then you need to add more clay.” If an excess of clay in the solution causes it to crack when drying, then apparently you still need to add sand and not clay.
The stove is cracking, what to put on it to prevent it from cracking?
How to cover a stove to prevent it from cracking Over time, cracks may appear in the stove's masonry. This is due to uneven heating of the material from which the oven is made. Typically this is
The stove appeared in Rus' more than 4 thousand years ago. Its prototype was a smoking hearth; later a chimney was added to it. For a long time, the design of the stove remained approximately the same and resembled a heater, which can still be found in village baths. They were rectangular in shape, low and had a size of 1x1 m. The stove was built from stones of different sizes: large, flat stones were used for the lower part, and smaller ones for the top. They were not fastened together with any solution. Sometimes a mixture of clay and shards of broken pots was used to seal the cracks between the stones. Over time, the stove acquired the appearance that it has retained to this day. It was built from clay or brick.
In Ancient Rus', the stove was the main attribute in the hut, and the stove maker was treated with no less respect than the clergyman. The stove warmed the house; it was used to cook food, bake bread, and even cure various diseases. Modern stoves can be divided into several types: heating, heating and cooking, Russian (oven), fireplaces and sauna stoves. Their laying requires great skill and skill and remains a difficult task in our time.
But even a well-built stove may require repairs during operation.
This is most often associated with the formation of cracks through which cold air penetrates inside. As a result, the stove begins to smoke and heat worse. It happens that the plaster on a previously whitewashed stove begins to crack and crumble and spoils the appearance of the entire room. In such cases, you should know how to cover the cracks and coat the stove.
The most reliable method for coating stoves is a clay solution.
You can now find special mixtures for coating ovens on sale. For example, experts recommend using a refractory mixture, which is ready-made clay, to seal cracks. Before use, it must be diluted with water, following the instructions, to the desired consistency, add PVA at the rate of 100 g per bucket of solution and you can seal the seams that have crumbled over time or coat the entire oven. But still, the most reliable method, tested for centuries, is plastering with clay mortar. This finishing option is the simplest, most common and, with proper preparation of the mixture, will last a long time.
To obtain the solution you will need the following tools and materials:
- A construction sieve with a hole size of at least 3 mm.
- Sealed container (trough, bathtub or tub).
- Bucket, shovel.
- Clay, sand.
To coat the stove, it is better to use solutions containing crushed asbestos, which are more elastic and fire-resistant.
This is a recipe for a classic solution in which clay and sand are mixed in a 2:1 ratio. Our ancestors added fine straw or horse manure to it to avoid the formation of cracks. For the same purpose, experienced professionals advise adding table salt to the solution (300 g per 10 l). This putty should be allowed to sit overnight before use. But the use of these mixtures does not always achieve the desired quality. To coat the stove, it is better to use solutions containing crushed asbestos, which are more elastic and fire-resistant.
- 0.1 part asbestos, 1 part lime and clay, 2 parts sand;
- 2 parts sand, 1 part each clay and cement, 0.1 part asbestos;
- 2 parts lime, 1 part gypsum and sand, 0.2 parts asbestos.
Preparing the mixture
The clay can be pre-soaked for a day, in this state it will mix better with sand.
Materials must be measured by volume in accordance with the required quantity. Before starting work, all components should be sifted through a fine sieve. The clay can be pre-soaked for a day, in this state it will mix better with sand. The lime is first slaked with water, and the resulting milk is mixed with the other components, depending on the composition of the mixture. The prepared solution should be homogeneous and have a fairly thick consistency. If necessary, it can be diluted with water.
Mixtures with cement and gypsum are prepared in small portions. It is advisable to use a cement solution within 1 hour; a solution with the addition of gypsum is suitable only for 5 minutes. Then they lose elasticity and become unsuitable for use.
How to properly coat a brick oven
A soft mesh of iron wire will be needed to coat the entire oven.
With the resulting solution you can simply seal the cracks in brickwork without subsequent sealing of the oven. To do this, the cracks must be thoroughly cleaned and moistened with plenty of water, then coated with the solution and rubbed. When the oven heats up too much, thin cracks may appear on it, which disappear when cooled and do not require grouting.
To coat the entire oven you will need the following tools:
- Paint brush.
- Putty knife.
- Construction knife.
- Soft mesh made of iron wire.
- Hammer, nails.
First, you need to clean the brick and thoroughly clear the masonry seams to a depth of 1 cm. After this, you need to cover the stove with a metal mesh and nail it in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of 10 cm, getting into the seams between the bricks. The coating is made on the basis of this mesh. It is recommended to carry it out on a hot stove surface, since as a result of preheating, the seams expand and will better hold the plaster. In turn, the pores of the cooling brick will also attract mortar. The oven is moistened with water and coated with the mixture in two steps. The first layer is more liquid (for this the solution is diluted to the thickness of sour cream) 5 mm thick. The second thicker one is applied on top and has the same thickness. Then the layers are leveled and rubbed. If cracks form after drying, they must be cut and the edges trimmed. Then moisten with water and rub with a thick solution.
The use of a mesh when coating the furnace allows you to avoid further lag of the solution from the walls and the appearance of cracks. Instead of iron wire, you can use natural burlap. Before use, it must be kept in the prepared solution, and then covered with a heated stove. Cover the top with a second layer of mixture and level.
After the plaster has dried, the stove can be whitewashed. For this purpose, only water-based compositions with chalk or lime are used. Oil paints decompose when heated strongly and emit an unpleasant odor.
How to coat a brick oven and cover up cracks
Over time, cracks are inevitable in the brickwork of stoves. In this case, you should know what to coat a brick oven with.
How to cover a stove to prevent it from cracking
Both traditional and brick ovens can crack over time. Even the highest quality oven is not immune to such a defect. Cracks can appear for various reasons, one of the most common being uneven heating. For the safety of the furnace, many craftsmen inquire in advance about how and what to coat the furnace so that it does not crack.
Many household members do not pay attention to the gaps that appear in the masonry or plaster of the stove, but the problem can lead to serious consequences. Even through small cracks, carbon monoxide enters the house, which is known to be very harmful to humans. Such defects can be prevented if you choose the right coating for the oven.
How to coat a stove
Cracks cannot simply be repaired with plaster or other material; all defects must be identified and restored correctly. You should not skimp on such work, as this can lead to even greater defects. The entire process of restoring the furnace lining includes the following steps:
- inspection and determination of the causes of defects;
- selection and mixing of the solution;
- applying grout and plaster.
In most cases, actions will not take much time, and most importantly, they will not allow the accumulation of carbon dioxide and combustion products indoors.
Causes of crack formation
Defects in masonry and coating may appear on the stove due to the following features:
- Use of low-quality or cheap materials. If the putty or mortar was mixed incorrectly, it will sooner or later crack. When working with a furnace, you should not skimp on coating work.
- Failure to comply with finishing technology. When finishing a stove, it is very important to remember the intermediate steps, such as wetting the masonry and drying. Do not rush and apply the coating when the mixture has not yet dried.
- Incorrect drying. Some craftsmen use hair dryers or heat guns to speed up drying. This process is contraindicated in ovens, especially clay ones. The structure must dry naturally to ensure uniform hardening.
- Drawdown. If the furnace substrate or the first row of masonry was done incorrectly, it will sag. Such a defect is more difficult to eliminate; in extreme cases, complete or partial dismantling of the masonry may be required.
The most difficult defect to correct is subsidence. You should never skimp on your furnace foundation. A high-quality stove can survive even after a house is destroyed.
Often, combustion products accumulate in the house due to the following shortcomings:
- Chimney blockage. You can clean the smoke duct in different ways, but this must be done frequently.
- Clogging of the stove riser with brick chips. The brick gradually crumbles, which leads to clogging of the riser systems.
- Violation of internal masonry technology. In such a situation, you will have to completely redo the chimney.
- Hypothermia of the riser due to downtime. If the stove is left unlit for a long time, it may start smoking. To prevent this from happening, the first kindling is done gradually, heating the stove with paper and wood chips.
If you cannot independently determine the cause of smoke in your home, be sure to invite a professional to do this. An experienced stove fitter will not only help detect defects in the stove, but will also draw up an estimate for the work.
Furnace inspection
To analyze the condition of the stove you do not need to have the professional skills of a builder or stove maker. The main thing is to detect all cracks and assess their size. If there are no major defects in the masonry, then removing the old coating and applying a new one will be sufficient. In addition, you need to remove part of the mortar between the bricks in the place where the crack formed. After these procedures, the masonry is covered with mortar so that the patches are not noticeable.
In the case of large defects, some of the bricks will have to be dismantled and replaced with new ones. The danger of a crack can be determined by the characteristic burning smell from the cracks and the release of smoke. Repairing large cracks is a painstaking and lengthy process. It is best to entrust such restoration to a professional.
Mixing the solution
Regardless of the nature of the defects, you will need a solution to cover them. Sometimes chamotte (fireclay clay) or a traditional mixture of sand and clay is used for this. The modern market of finishing materials offers a large selection of different grouts and adhesives. You can make regular grout yourself. There are several recipes for traditional putties:
- Sandy. To mix the composition, you need 4 parts of river sand, 2-3 parts of lime mortar and 3-4 parts of cement mortar. All components are kneaded until smooth to form a plastic mass.
- Fireclay and clay. This type of putty consists entirely of fireclay or clay. Both materials can be purchased at a specialty store.
- Lime. One of the simplest and most common putty for Russian stoves is lime solution. To do this, buy a liquid mass or extinguish the dry composition.
- Cement. For furnaces, it is optimal to use the M400 composition; 0.5 cement is diluted to 1 part water.
All materials are equally popular in caulking stoves. In order to choose a solution suitable for your stove, you should familiarize yourself with the pros and cons of each of the presented compositions.
Fireclay clay
This type of clay is considered one of the most popular putties among traditional compositions. Fireclay is considered a very reliable material; it is resistant to processing at high temperatures. Most of the ancient stoves, coated with fireclay clay, are still functioning.
You can buy fireclay in almost any construction department. The material is packaged in bags of 5, 10, 20 and 50 kg. Before application, the clay must be diluted with water and left for a day to gain viscosity and plasticity.
Sand coating
This composition is very popular due to its low cost. Moreover, it is used not only for coating, but also for laying seams during laying. The low cost of the components does not in any way affect the quality of the composition. After kneading, you will get a very plastic mass that will gain strength after a couple of heating cycles.
To prepare the sand-clay mass, use the following instructions:
- For 1 part clay, take 3 parts water, mix it all and leave it for three days.
- After 36 hours, the composition is mixed again by pouring water into it. To remove lumps, the mass is passed through a fine sieve (1-2 mm mesh).
- Excess water is drained from the mass, and everything is kneaded again. After which you should get a composition reminiscent of sour cream in consistency.
- The final step is adding sand. At this stage it is very important not to add too much sand. The component is poured into the mass gradually, stirring with a stick. During the kneading process, you need to check the amount of composition sticking to it. The quality of the composition is determined by the abundance of mass on the stick. There should be small lumps left on it, no more than 2-3 cm. The ratio of components in the composition is 1:2.5, where 2.5 is clay, and 1 part is sand.
The coating composition is thoroughly mixed and checked for plasticity. To do this, roll the mass into a ball and squeeze it between your fingers. The correct composition turns out to be plastic, like plasticine; when pressed and rolled, it wrinkles well and does not crack. If chips form on the ball, you should add a little more water. To apply this grout, you must first wet the crack. After that, the mass is pushed into the crack with your fingers, trying to get as deep as possible. When the mixture is taken, it is rubbed and plastered.
Oven grout
Stove grout is considered the optimal composition for beginning craftsmen. The mass is very easy to work with, but most importantly, it has high ductility and durability. Once applied and dried, it can withstand temperatures of 10,000C?.
The disadvantages of this composition include its high cost, but it is fully justified by its high characteristics. If you want to save money, you can make the putty yourself. To do this you will need:
- 2 parts water;
- 4 parts sand;
- 1 part finely chopped straw;
- a pack of regular salt.
The clay needs to be mixed with water (1 part water and 3 parts clay), after which the mass is left for a couple of days. Then sand is poured into the solution and gradually mixed. At the very end, the composition is supplemented with straw and salt, and everything is kneaded.
Furnace glue
This composition can also be purchased at a hardware store. It is very easy to mix and apply.
Today, the construction market offers two types of glue: plastic and hard. The first is optimal for restoration (sealing cracks), the second is used as a finishing touch.
Application of the composition is carried out according to the following instructions:
- kneading 1 liter of glue;
- wetting areas with cracks with water;
- treating cracks with a mixture (you need to push the composition as deep as possible);
- mixing 5-6 liters of hard glue;
- finishing of the furnace.
Cracks can form on any structure; this process should not be started. Timely restoration can significantly extend the service life of the furnace.
Plastering from cracks
You cannot plaster the stove over cracks. First you need to treat the defects using one of the methods described above, and then apply plaster. The composition can also protect the oven from improper heating and cracking.
During the process of restoring the furnace, the plaster is always removed where defects have formed. Decorative trim also needs to be removed.
Before any restoration, the masonry is abundantly moistened with water, this increases the adhesion of the composition to the working surface. If you skip this step, the solution may simply fly off.
When working with cracks, it is most convenient to apply the putty with your fingers; this will allow you to feel the direction of the putty and its amount. For convenience, it is better to apply the composition with rubberized gloves.
After all defects have been treated, the oven is left to dry for 7-10 days. Only after this period has passed can the first fire be carried out.
How to cover the stove
Both traditional and brick ovens can crack over time. Even the highest quality oven is not immune to such a defect. Both traditional and brick ovens can crack over time. Even the highest quality oven is not immune to such a defect. Cracks can appear for various reasons, one of the most common being uneven heating. For the safety of the furnace, many craftsmen inquire in advance about how and what to coat the furnace so that it does not crack. Many household members do not pay attention to the gaps that appear in the masonry or plaster of the stove, but the problem can lead to serious consequences. Even through small cracks, carbon monoxide enters the house, which is known to be very harmful to humans. Such defects can be prevented if you choose the right coating for the oven. How to coat a stove Cracks cannot simply be sealed on top with plaster or other material; all defects must be identified and restored correctly. You should not skimp on such work, as this can lead to even greater defects. The entire process of restoring the furnace lining includes the following stages: inspection and identification of the causes of defects; selection and mixing of the solution; applying grout and plaster. In most cases, the actions will not take much time, and most importantly, they will not allow carbon dioxide and combustion products to accumulate in the room. Reasons for the formation of cracks Defects in masonry and coating may appear on the stove due to the following features: The use of low-quality or cheap materials. If the putty or mortar was mixed incorrectly, it will sooner or later crack. When working with a furnace, you should not skimp on coating work. Failure to comply with finishing technology. When finishing a stove, it is very important to remember the intermediate steps, such as wetting the masonry and drying. Do not rush and apply the coating when the mixture has not yet dried. Incorrect drying. Some craftsmen use hair dryers or heat guns to speed up drying. This process is contraindicated in ovens, especially clay ones. The structure must dry naturally to ensure uniform hardening. Drawdown. If the furnace substrate or the first row of masonry was done incorrectly, it will sag. Such a defect is more difficult to eliminate; in extreme cases, complete or partial dismantling of the masonry may be required. The most difficult defect to correct is subsidence. You should never skimp on your furnace foundation. A high-quality stove can survive even after a house is destroyed. Note! Household members often believe that smoke accumulates in the room precisely because of cracks. But sometimes the reason lies elsewhere. Often, combustion products accumulate in the house due to the following shortcomings: Clogging of the chimney. You can clean the smoke duct in different ways, but this must be done frequently. Clogging of the stove riser with brick chips. The brick gradually crumbles, which leads to clogging of the riser systems. Violation of internal masonry technology. In such a situation, you will have to completely redo the chimney. Hypothermia of the riser due to downtime. If the stove is left unlit for a long time, it may start smoking. To prevent this from happening, the first kindling is done gradually, heating the stove with paper and wood chips. If you cannot independently determine the cause of smoke in your home, be sure to invite a professional to do this. An experienced stove fitter will not only help detect defects in the stove, but will also draw up an estimate for the work. Inspecting the stove To analyze the condition of the stove, you do not need to have the professional skills of a builder or stove maker. The main thing is to detect all cracks and assess their size. If there are no major defects in the masonry, then removing the old coating and applying a new one will be sufficient. In addition, you need to remove part of the mortar between the bricks in the place where the crack formed. After these procedures, the masonry is covered with mortar so that the patches are not noticeable. In the case of large defects, some of the bricks will have to be dismantled and replaced with new ones. The danger of a crack can be determined by the characteristic burning smell from the cracks and the release of smoke. Repairing large cracks is a painstaking and lengthy process. It is best to entrust such restoration to a professional. Mixing the solution For any type of defect, you will need a solution to cover them. Sometimes chamotte (fireclay clay) or a traditional mixture of sand and clay is used for this. The modern market of finishing materials offers a large selection of different grouts and adhesives. You can make regular grout yourself. There are several recipes for traditional putties: Sandy. To mix the composition, you need 4 parts of river sand, 2-3 parts of lime mortar and 3-4 parts of cement mortar. All components are kneaded until smooth to form a plastic mass. Fireclay and clay. This type of putty consists entirely of fireclay or clay. Both materials can be purchased at a specialty store. Lime. One of the simplest and most common putty for Russian stoves is lime solution. To do this, buy a liquid mass or extinguish the dry composition. Cement. For furnaces, it is optimal to use the M400 composition; 0.5 cement is diluted to 1 part water. All materials are equally popular in caulking stoves. In order to choose a solution suitable for your stove, you should familiarize yourself with the pros and cons of each of the presented compositions. Fireclay clay This type of clay is considered one of the most popular putties among traditional compositions. Fireclay is considered a very reliable material; it is resistant to processing at high temperatures. Most of the ancient stoves, coated with fireclay clay, are still functioning. You can buy fireclay in almost any construction department. The material is packaged in bags of 5, 10, 20 and 50 kg. Before application, the clay must be diluted with water and left for a day to gain viscosity and plasticity. Sand coating This composition is very popular due to its low cost. Moreover, it is used not only for coating, but also for laying seams during laying. The low cost of the components does not in any way affect the quality of the composition. After kneading, you will get a very plastic mass that will gain strength after a couple of heating cycles. To prepare the sand-clay mass, use the following instructions: Take 3 parts of water for 1 part of clay, mix it all and leave for three days. After 36 hours, the composition is mixed again by pouring water into it. To remove lumps, the mass is passed through a fine sieve (1-2 mm mesh). Excess water is drained from the mass, and everything is kneaded again. After which you should get a composition reminiscent of sour cream in consistency. The final step is adding sand. At this stage it is very important not to add too much sand. The component is poured into the mass gradually, stirring with a stick. During the kneading process, you need to check the amount of composition sticking to it. The quality of the composition is determined by the abundance of mass on the stick. There should be small lumps left on it, no more than 2-3 cm. The ratio of components in the composition is 1:2.5, where 2.5 is clay, and 1 part is sand. The coating composition is thoroughly mixed and checked for plasticity. To do this, roll the mass into a ball and squeeze it between your fingers. The correct composition turns out to be plastic, like plasticine; when pressed and rolled, it wrinkles well and does not crack. If chips form on the ball, you should add a little more water. To apply this grout, you must first wet the crack. After that, the mass is pushed into the crack with your fingers, trying to get as deep as possible. When the mixture is taken, it is rubbed and plastered. Grout for the stove The optimal composition for beginners is considered to be stove grout. The mass is very easy to work with, but most importantly, it has high ductility and durability. Once applied and dried, it can withstand temperatures of 10,000C?. Note! Before grouting, the walls are moistened in the cracks. The disadvantages of this composition include its high cost, but it is fully justified by its high characteristics. If you want to save money, you can make the putty yourself. For this you will need: clay 1 part; 2 parts water; 4 parts sand; 1 part finely chopped straw; a pack of regular salt. The clay needs to be mixed with water (1 part water and 3 parts clay), after which the mass is left for a couple of days. Then sand is poured into the solution and gradually mixed. At the very end, the composition is supplemented with straw and salt, and everything is kneaded. Oven glue This composition can also be purchased at a hardware store. It is very easy to mix and apply. Today, the construction market offers two types of glue: plastic and hard. The first is optimal for restoration (sealing cracks), the second is used as a finishing touch. Important! Oven glue dries very quickly, so you need to work with it as efficiently as possible. It is recommended to mix the composition in small portions and immediately apply it to the cracks. Application of the composition is carried out according to the following instructions: kneading 1 liter of glue; wetting areas with cracks with water; treating cracks with a mixture (you need to push the composition as deep as possible); mixing 5-6 liters of hard glue; finishing of the furnace. Cracks can form on any structure; this process should not be started. Timely restoration can significantly extend the service life of the furnace. Plastering against cracks You cannot plaster the stove over cracks. First you need to treat the defects using one of the methods described above, and then apply plaster. The composition can also protect the oven from improper heating and cracking. During the process of restoring the furnace, the plaster is always removed where defects have formed. Decorative trim also needs to be removed. Before any restoration, the masonry is abundantly moistened with water, this increases the adhesion of the composition to the working surface. If you skip this step, the solution may simply fly off. When working with cracks, it is most convenient to apply the putty with your fingers; this will allow you to feel the direction of the putty and its amount. For convenience, it is better to apply the composition with rubberized gloves. After all defects have been treated, the oven is left to dry for 7-10 days. Only after this period has passed can the first fire be carried out.
The simplest stove in a village house serves both as heating and as a place for cooking. But even the highest quality stove can begin to deteriorate over time due to the appearance of cracks in the mortar between the bricks or on the plaster coating.
On brick oven Over time, cracks appear that need to be covered with a special solution.
To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to coat the brick oven with special means.
This can be done either immediately after construction or already when the first problems appear. The composition of the coating agent will not depend on this in any way.
But, nevertheless, all coating compositions are usually divided into 2 types: for sealing exclusively cracks and cracks and for completely plastering the surface. And to make it easier for you to figure out which composition to choose and what to use to coat the oven with your own hands, let’s consider the most effective of them.
Ideal solutions for sealing gaps and cracks
So, first, let's figure out what solutions are used to seal cracks. Typically, the need to seal cracks arises when decorative masonry is made around the stove. Not wanting to spoil the overall appearance, the owners prefer to cover up the inter-brick voids unnoticed, while maintaining the main design.
A solution based on refractory clay is prepared using water and glue mixed in equal proportions.
- The first option for sealing cracks is a solution based on refractory clay. You need to purchase refractory clay in the form of a fine powder, PVA glue (a large bottle) and prepare water room temperature. First, calculate approximately how much solution you will need. Next, the mixture is prepared on the basis that about 150 g of glue is added to 5 liters of clay powder mixed with water until a thick, homogeneous mass is obtained. All this is thoroughly mixed, after which the places to be sealed are cleaned of dust, slightly moistened with a spray bottle and sealed with the prepared mixture.
- The second mixture, which is also ideal for sealing cracks, is based on clay and cement. It is more durable, but also requires a little more materials in its composition. This mixture is especially good for filling small cracks in plastered surfaces.
So, to prepare the specified solution, you need to take friable refractory clay, asbestos, cement and sand. The ratios of these elements are 1:0,1:1:2, respectively. Everything needs to be mixed well, gradually adding water. As a result, you will get a solution that is very convenient for coating the oven. When prepared correctly, it goes on quite smoothly, so once completely dry, all you have to do is lightly sand the surface with sandpaper.
These are the 2 best and most reliable mixtures for coating cracks and crevices on the stove. It is better to use them almost immediately after preparation, so that they do not have time to lose their original properties. When coating, you should also not forget about moistening the areas being repaired for better adhesion to the material.
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The best solutions for coating all surfaces
Now it’s time to get acquainted with 2 other compositions, which are simply ideal for completely coating the surface. Due to their strength and reliability, they will not crack or crumble for a long time. And the surface after facing with these solutions will be such that, if desired, it can be further decorated or painted.
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Based on sand and clay
A solution of clay and sand is made in a ratio of 2:1.
Take the required amount of refractory loose clay and sand in approximately a 2:1 ratio. Now, using a fine sieve, sift these materials one by one to avoid the appearance of lumps. At the exit of the sieve you should be left with an airy fine powder.
Now mix these powders thoroughly, adding water gradually. When you get a thick, homogeneous consistency, it is necessary to add a little table salt (150 g per 5 liters of solution) for greater binding ability. Stir everything well again.
If you do not plan to seriously decorate the stove, then you can add a little dry straw to the prepared solution. In this case, you need to chop it so that the length of an individual straw is no more than 3 cm. The straw will give additional strength to the solution.
Now leave the solution to infuse for about 10 hours. During this time it will acquire the consistency necessary for work. Meanwhile, prepare the oven surface for coating. After this, moisten the surface of the oven with a spray bottle or a sponge, while simultaneously coating it with a spatula or trowel. After final drying (about 3 days), the oven can be used.
Every stove owner sooner or later wonders how and what to cover the stove with so that it does not crack from the heat. Even the most varied structures can crack over time. The reasons are as follows:
- masonry technology was violated;
- the surface heats up unevenly;
- shrinkage of brick structure;
- use of low-quality material.
Inspecting the extent of the damage
First, you need to determine how badly the oven was damaged. If small cracks have formed on the surface of the structure, in order to get rid of them, you will need to remove the cladding and clean the brick from the plaster.
Once all the trim is removed, you can start caulking the cracks. For this work, you can use various mixtures:
- special grout for ovens;
- oven glue mixture;
- composition of clay and sand;
- collection from fireclay clay.
Let's try to take a closer look best compositions for sealing the stove when cracks have formed on it.
Fireclay clay
This material is most often used for stove restoration. Fireclay clay has special qualities that can withstand high oven temperatures, so structures made using this material are quite reliable and durable.
You can purchase the material at a construction supermarket. Before starting work, fireclay clay is soaked in ordinary water and leave for about 2 days.
Composition of clay and sand
Recovery appearance and the strength of the oven, you can use a mixture of sand and clay. To prepare the solution you need:
- Pour clay plain water in a ratio of 1:3 and leave for about 1 day.
- Stir the clay, gradually adding water, then strain it through a sieve, wait a few hours and drain the water.
- The thickness of the clay should be similar to sour cream; mix the material with sand in equal proportions.
- Mix the solution thoroughly until some clumps of the mixture begin to stick to the stick. If there is not enough of any material, you can add it in small quantities during mixing. Usually use 1 part clay to 2.5 parts sand.
Oven glue
Many craftsmen use heat-resistant glue to prevent the stove from cracking. This material is quite resistant to high temperatures and durable.
You can buy glue for the stove at construction sites; the substance contains fireclay powder and fire-resistant types of cement. Today there are two types of glue - hard and plastic.
- Hard is needed for plastering the entire surface of the structure.
- Plastic is used to seal cracks.
Furnace glue can dry quickly, so it is not recommended to use the solution in large quantities.
Grout
To seal cracks in the stove, you can use a special grout. It is worth noting that grouts in stores are very expensive, but they are quite effective at sealing various cracks on the stove.
If you cannot buy this product, then prepare it at home. Prepare the following components:
- plain water;
- sand;
- clay;
- salt;
- straw.
Knead the clay thoroughly and fill it with water for 15 hours. Next, add the required amount of sand to the solution, knead the mixture and gradually add salt and finely chopped straw to it. The ratio will be approximately this: for 4 buckets of clay - 1 bucket of sand, a pack of salt and several kg of straw.
How to coat a stove
After choosing the material for restoring the stove, we begin to fill the cracks. If you use a self-prepared mixture of sand and clay, then use the following method:
- Clean the brick from finishing material and plaster.
- Warm up the oven, then pour water into the new cracks. This is done in order to prevent moisture from being absorbed from the putty so that it does not lose its properties.
- Apply the solution to the cracks and begin the sealing process. It is recommended to carry out the work with rubber gloves, but in general this solution is completely harmless.
- After applying the putty, proceed to plastering the external surfaces.
Important! The stove should be lit only after the solution has completely dried.
If you chose oven glue, then the putty instructions will be as follows:
- Mix some plastic mortar and treat the cracks with water.
- Apply the mixture into cracks and all crevices.
- Mix the solid solution and coat your oven with it.
- After 30-60 minutes you can start plastering the stove, as the glue dries very quickly.
Repairing cracks on a metal surface
If cracks have formed on a metal stove, then specialists use welding to seal the cracks. If it is not possible to use this option, you can prepare a solution:
- A clay-based mixture using metal filings, salt, manganese dioxide and borax in a ratio of 30 to 4:1:2:1.
- Or knead in proportions 1.5:96:2.5 - colloidal sulfur, metal filings and ammonium chloride.
How to restore a stove-bed - video
Sooner or later, any stove owner will ask how and with what to cover the stove to prevent it from cracking. Even if it is made of refractory bricks held together with fireclay clay mortar (such a structure can withstand severe temperatures), it can crack over time. The reasons may be as follows:
- uneven surface heating;
- violation of masonry technology;
- use of low-quality material.
Through cracks are dangerous for the health of the residents of the house, because carbon monoxide will penetrate through them from the furnace. Therefore, repair work must be carried out immediately.
Let's divide the process into three stages, you will need:
- Diagnose the damage.
- Prepare the solution.
- Plaster the stove.
Damage diagnostics
First you need to inspect the extent of the damage and decide on the scope of work. If the damage is minor, then you can get by with superficial work - clean the brick from the finishing and plaster, seal the cracks and plaster the stove. If you observe large through gaps, damage to the cladding or masonry, you will have to disassemble and repair it.
Preparation of the solution
Regardless of the damage, you will need to prepare a mixture. Depending on the funds allocated for repairs and available materials, the following types of mortar can be used for repairs:
- from fireclay clay;
- ordinary clay and sand;
- grout for the stove (you can buy it or make it yourself);
- oven glue.
Proportions of components of different mortars for masonry and plastering of stoves Let's look at these options in more detail.
Fireclay clay is the most used material for stove restoration. Fireclay has excellent fire resistance; stoves made with this material are durable and reliable.
You can buy fireclay clay at any construction supermarket (usually in 20 kg paper bags); before work, it is soaked in water and left to infuse for 2 days. This material is not very expensive; it is often used to plaster the stove.
Clay and sand
A solution of clay and sand is the cheapest option for restoring a stove. This method is often used, despite the low cost, the material is plastic and viscous, and after firing it is strong and durable. To prepare the solution you need:
- Pour water over the clay and let it sit for more than a day. Proportions – 1 to 3.
- Stir the clay, adding water. Then you need to strain it through a small sieve (3x3 mm) and let it stand.
- Drain the water.
- The thickness of the clay should resemble sour cream.
- Mix clay and sand in equal proportions.
- By stirring the solution with a stick, you need to determine its readiness. If there is a lot of clay on the stick, then you need to add sand (add 0.5 parts at a time). When small clots begin to stick to the stick, the mixture is ready.
Typically, one part clay requires two and a half parts sand.
VIDEO: How to knead clay for plaster
Oven grout
You can buy oven grout at the store or make it yourself. The store-bought option is quite expensive, but it is ideal for repairing stoves and fireplaces. Oven grout copes well with temperatures over 1000 degrees. Before applying the material, the oven and cracks are treated with water.
If it is not possible to purchase oven grout in a store, you can make it yourself. To do this, follow the instructions:
- Pour the clay into a container and break up the lumps.
- Fill with water and leave the solution for 12 hours.
- Pour sand into the clay and knead it.
- Gradually add finely chopped straw.
- Add a packet of salt to the mixture.
The proportions of sand and clay are 1 to 4. If 4 buckets of clay were used, then about 50 kilograms of straw are needed.
Furnace glue
In construction stores you can buy special glue for stove repair; it is heat-resistant and durable. In the manufacture of such material, fireclay powder and refractory cement are used. There is a hard and plastic mixture. The plastic one is applied in the cracks, and the hard one needs to be plastered over the entire surface of the stove. The advantage of this material is that it dries very quickly. It needs to be mixed in small batches.
How to coat a stove
The coating method is selected depending on what you decide to coat the stove with (what mixture). Regardless of the material chosen, the brick will need to be cleaned of the decorative layer and plaster. Next, you can coat it with the solution.
If oven glue is used, you need:
- Mix a small batch of plastic mortar.
- Treat cracks with water.
- Apply the mixture into cracks and crevices.
- Mix the solid solution.
- Coat the stove.
Almost immediately after this (the glue dries in less than half an hour), you can plaster the stove and apply a decorative layer.
VIDEO: How to plaster a stove so it doesn’t crack
If you decide to restore the stove using a solution containing clay, then the instructions will be as follows:
- Stir the infused solution one more time.
- Check the quality of the mixture. To do this, roll a ball in your palm; if it cracks, there is not enough water in the mixture.
- Moisten the cracks with water.
- Push the solution into the cracks. This can be done by hand and is safe for the skin.
- Now you can plaster the stove.
The renovation is complete! But don’t rush to light the stove; this can be done after the solution has completely dried. Do everything according to the instructions and you can forget about cracks for a long time.
During operation, a crack may form on the surface of the stove masonry. This is caused by uneven heating of the material from which the masonry was made. Through cracks pose a danger to people because carbon monoxide enters the room through them. This means that damaged areas must be repaired immediately. But first, it is recommended to find out what needs to be done to prevent the clay from cracking.
The surface of the clay layer can crack for various reasons, and yet why this happens, consider the probable reasons and find out what to do to prevent the clay from cracking when drying:
- excessively thick layer. To avoid this, plaster with clay, applying a maximum two-centimeter layer. If there is a need to apply a second one, then the previous one should set well. In good weather, this takes at least a day. If it is intended to apply a plaster layer more than four centimeters thick, the surface must be reinforced with steel mesh;
- the plaster dries too quickly and begins to crack. Optimal conditions for this are 10 – 20 degrees Celsius. If the weather is hot, it is recommended to suspend work and moisten the walls more often. Perhaps the base of the wall quickly absorbs moisture. In this case, it is also moisturized abundantly;
- the solution turned out to be too greasy. Replace the clay or reduce its amount in the solution. The same applies to cement material.
Types of clay-based plasters
Let's consider the main options for plasters and the technology for their preparation.
Difficulties arise in the work, the bricks hold weakly in the masonry, the plaster layer is covered with numerous cracks. This is due to the fact that during the firing process the clay almost completely loses its plasticity, which must be returned to it when preparing the solution. In these cases, craftsmen recommend adding quartz sand or a special adhesive composition. The procedure for preparing the solution is as follows:
- you will need a pack of fireclay powder, which is poured into a container;
- water is added gradually until it covers the entire mass;
- it is necessary to wait three days for the material to infuse;
- after this sand is added. If the solution turns out to be thick, you can add water, otherwise the clay layer will crack when it dries;
- The mass is thoroughly mixed.
A properly prepared solution should resemble thick sour cream in thickness, only in this case it will not drain and will adhere perfectly to the surface. To speed up the drying process and take measures to prevent the clay from cracking, it is necessary to add cement at the rate of two kilograms per package of fireclay.
It is possible to purchase ready-to-mix formulations that do not need to sit for three days.
How to properly make such a solution so that the clay does not crack? First you need to sift the sand, for which you will need a sieve with a hole size of 2 - 3 mm. Its amount will depend on the degree of fat content of the clay.
The clay is pre-soaked. It is placed in a tank and filled with water, leaving for one to two days. After this, the mass is mixed and passed through a three-millimeter sieve. The result should be a solution that is similar in thickness to sour cream.
We start adding sand. As a rule, one and a half times more sand is required per liter of solution. But when the clay is oily and the solution is prepared in such proportions, then cracks will definitely appear. And with low-fat clay, the layer of plaster will not be durable.
The ratio of sand and clay should be accurately determined. For this purpose, take a liter of solution, to which sand is added in doses, while stirring the mass. The end result should be a material that easily slides off a metal shovel, but does not spread over it.
Clay-sand mortar with added fiber
What other clay solution can be used to cover the stove so that it does not crack? To do this, a small amount of cement is added to the working composition - a trowel per bucket.
If it is necessary to coat the stove to seal cracks, add simple table salt to the solution - up to five hundred grams per bucket. This gives the mixture strength and allows it to be more reliably held on the masonry surface.
Some craftsmen add a small amount of sheet asbestos soaked in water to the mortar mixture. It is simply torn into small pieces and soaked in water. After a few minutes, the asbestos separates into individual fibers that reinforce the solution. The slurry obtained in this way is added to a solution of sand and clay, mixed and used as the first coating layer.
Nuances of testing clay plasticity
Different clays differ in their plasticity. There are:
- “fat” clays with high plasticity;
- material of medium ductility;
- "skinny" clays with low level plasticity.
I determine the level of plasticity simple method. The clay is poured with water to turn it into a dough-like mass suitable for molding. The material is used to make cylinders seven centimeters long and 30 mm in diameter, the ends are pinched with fingers and slowly torn apart. Plasticity is judged by the shapes that the cylinder takes at the point of rupture, by its elongation. A plastic material is characterized by the formation of a long and thin neck, and if the clay is thin, the neck will be thick and short.
The level of plasticity is determined in another way. Flagella about twenty centimeters long and 1.5–2 mm in diameter are rolled out of the working material and bent into semicircles or pretzels. If cracks appear on the materials at this time, the clay is thin. Cracks that form during bending indicate that the clay is of medium plasticity, and fatty clay can be identified by the complete absence of cracks in the samples.
Advantages and disadvantages of clay compositions
The following features are highlighted as advantages:
- clay is a natural and environmentally friendly product;
- solutions perfectly absorb water and release it, which prolongs the service life of coatings;
- reasonable cost;
- the remains of the used solution are stored for a long time;
- the material perfectly protects the surface from mechanical impacts;
- the elasticity of the material allows it to be applied without any problems;
- Not only internal, but also external surfaces are finished with a clay mixture;
- using the solution, level and decorate the surfaces.
In addition to the positive aspects, clay-based plaster has a number of disadvantages, which explain most cases why clay cracks:
- There is no exact recipe for preparing the solution; craftsmen prepare the mixture using their own experience;
- there is a possibility that the surface will become covered with cracks;
- Such compositions are rarely used; there are few experienced craftsmen who know how to cover a stove with clay so that it does not crack.
Criteria for choosing a solution
Previously, classical solutions were used, taking into account combinations of heat resistance, increased heat capacity and thermal expansion equal to the brick material. To make such solutions, fatty clay was used.
Today you can purchase dry mixtures, certain types of clays and other compositions that simplify construction and repair work. It should be noted that not every such composition has the necessary characteristics - fire resistance, heat resistance, gas tightness.
The solution must be heat resistant, withstand high temperatures and exposure to chemically active substances. In addition, the gas density level must be quite high. The seams do not allow flue gases to pass through, but moisture must pass through the finished mixture for the stove to “breathe.”
Instructions for applying clay plaster
The work is performed in the following sequence:
- mortar cakes are applied along the wall at regular intervals, and the material is stretched over the entire surface with a wide spatula, a rule or a trowel;
- Evenness is checked using a level. If necessary, apply a second layer;
- the surface is given time to dry completely: from 1 to 3 months, depending on the season;
- finishing is being carried out. To do this, use a solution consisting of clay, cement and sand in a ratio of 1 to 1 to 3. The mixture is applied in a thin layer and leveled. After three to four weeks, the stove can be whitewashed with lime.
We now know how to coat a stove with clay so that it does not crack. But you should know that half the success depends on the correct preparation of the solution.