Multicolor garden plants, which are planted taking into account their botanical characteristics, can please the eye for an extended period of time.

Let's consider helenium flowers, which are increasingly finding a place in the sun in garden plots. It is a perennial and annual flower. Family - Asteraceae.

Description of helenium flowers and their photos

We present a brief description of helenium flowers and some photos of this plant in in bloom. IN natural form grows naturally in Central and North America.

It has shiny yellow petals that surround spherical brownish nugs that are coated with lightly golden pollen. The leaves are pointed.

Inflorescences in the form of baskets (single or group). Along the edges of the baskets are flowers of yellow, orange or red shades. There are also central flowers in the basket. They are tube-shaped and have a brown or yellow tint.

The plant gives color in August or September. Helenium blooms for quite a long time. Flowers on helenium can be observed for 6 weeks from July to the end of August. It reaches a height of up to 90 cm, and the area of ​​the bush occupies up to 60 cm. It is suitable for cutting and bouquet arrangements.

Look at the photo of helenium flowers of various varieties:

Growing helenium from seeds: planting and care

To obtain early and long-lasting flowering, the seedling planting method is recommended. Growing helenium from seeds can be started on a windowsill or in a greenhouse from the end of March. To do this, light, structured soil with a high content of organic matter is prepared in advance. Helenium seeds are sown in small and shallow containers for growing seedlings.

The first shoots appear after 2 weeks. Then they need to be dived into separate peat pots with a diameter of 4 - 5 cm. This procedure is carried out in the phase of 2 true leaves.

In the future, helenium is grown from seeds in open ground. Transplanting to a flowerbed or border is done during the period when the threat of returning spring frosts has passed. Helenium loves light, but it will do well in the shade.

Helenium is planted in the garden in a previously prepared hole, into which complex mineral and organic fertilizers are added.

After planting helenium is completed, the soil is generously moistened with warm, settled water. Repeated watering is carried out after 12 hours. It will do better in fertile, moist soil. But it is not recommended to plant it in one place all the time, as it depletes the soil quite significantly. It is recommended to fertilize it 2-3 times during the summer.

When planning care for helenium, it is worth considering that this is a moisture-loving plant, so in hot weather it requires abundant watering. Plants are frost-resistant. However, if you do not take measures to transplant and shelter, then it may not survive the winter.

Helenium flowers have one specific feature: buds, while still young, are formed annually higher and higher on the stem, eventually they can be seen above the soil, where they freeze. When preparing for winter, it is useful to mulch the flower with sawdust. These are the basic rules for caring for helenium.

Helenium can be propagated by seeds, rosettes or green cuttings.

Helenium can be planted either directly in the ground before winter or in seedling boxes in the spring. They usually grow in height, so it is possible to plant them close to each other (60-80 cm). The seeds germinate within 2-3 weeks, but only produce color for the next season.

The easiest way to propagate this flower is with rosettes. But remember that in the fall it is not recommended to divide it, since after this it will bloom later, and the roots will not have time to prepare for the cold. That's why best time for this it is spring.

It is not so difficult to propagate helenium from green cuttings. For this purpose, young one-year-old shoots, reaching a height of 10-15 cm, should be taken into circulation in the spring. It is advisable to cut off and root the upper part of the shoot 6-8 cm. For the best effect, it is advisable to cover the cuttings on top with jars.

As soon as you see new leaves on the cuttings, remove the jars immediately. And on the remaining stem new shoots will sprout, which will later be useful for cuttings in summer period or just leave them to bloom.

After you have already planted the cuttings in a permanent place, carefully mulch them with peat or humus, and cover them with covering material.

Know that helenium grown using the above methods will bloom only after a year.

Helenium varieties

Currently, there are numerous varieties of Helenium in breeding, which differ in flowering periods, bud colors and their sizes. The following describes some common varieties of helenium that can be grown in your garden.

Helenium spring and its photo

Helenium springum has straight stems, 1 meter in height. Foxes are dark green, pointed. The tongue-shaped flowers are orange, and the tube-shaped flowers are brown. The color begins to appear in mid-May and lasts for about 30 days. Actually for this reason the flower is called vernal helenium.

It is grown mainly by seedlings. Sowing takes place in early February.

Autumn helenium flowers and their photos

The helenium autumnalis flower grows naturally in North America. People also call it the “sneezing plant.” Autumn helenium flowers can grow up to one meter in height. In August and November you can see flowers in the shape of heads with curved rays.

Look at the photo of autumn helenium on this page below:

Helenium Rubinzwerg

The petals have a reddish tint, almost burgundy. There is a slight yellowish tint at the tip of the flower cones. Helenium Rubincverg is an elegant plant that can decorate any flower garden. Looks great in group plantings in flower beds.

Flowering lasts from mid-summer to mid-autumn. The length of the stem reaches up to 60 cm, sometimes even higher. The stems are tall and straight. Suitable for cutting and making bouquets.

The leaves are green in color and small. Grows up to 70 cm. The flowers are burgundy. Cold-resistant.

Helenium Gupesa

Grows in the mountains of North America. Reaches 90 cm in height. The stems are straight, branched at the top. The leaves are oblong, pointed, gray-green. The flowers of Gelenium Gupes in the shape of a trumpet and tongue are yellowish. Flowering lasts about a month.

Helenium hybrid

Helenium hybrid has bright, attractive buds and is relatively resistant to adverse conditions. environment. It includes all garden forms and hybrids of unknown origin.

Its most famous representatives:

Brassingham Gold - height up to 1 m, bright yellow flowers;

Bruno - height 1.2 m, golden brown-red;

Butterpat - height 1 m, dark yellow;

Grimson Beauty - height 60 cm, yellow;

Riverton Jam - height 1 m, red-golden;

Windley - height 80 cm, yellow-orange.

​Similar articles​

Helenium is planted in the background of flower beds, near ornamental shrubs, fences, and buildings that need to be decorated with plants. Pairs wonderfully with perennial asters that bloom in autumn. The inflorescences are good in autumn bouquets.​

Its most famous representatives:

​Helenium is planted in the garden in a previously prepared hole, into which complex mineral and organic fertilizers are added. It is recommended to apply approximately 1 matchbox of specialized mineral fertilizer for flowering plants to each bush. You can also add 1 - 2 cups of humus or matured compost. After planting helenium is completed, the soil is generously moistened with warm, settled water. Repeated watering is carried out after 12 hours. It will do better in fertile, moist soil. But it is not recommended to plant it in one place all the time, as it depletes the soil quite significantly. It is recommended to fertilize it 2-3 times during the summer.

Propagated by division and seeds. It is better to divide Helenium hybrid and autumn in May. Helenium divides easily; when dug, it breaks up into rosettes with roots.​

​Chipperfield Orange​

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Helenium: planting and care, types and varieties, photos.

​. The reeds are yellow golden, the outside is orange-red, with a reddish border along the edges, the tubular flowers are yellow and brown. Flowering is abundant.

Helenium does not have a perennial rhizome. In Helenium, the stems and roots die off in winter. And the buds formed on the underground part of the stem form a rosette of foliage with roots.​

There are many beautiful flowers that decorate summer cottages, but there is one that is recognized as a garden favorite in Europe. This is a sun-like, bright and beautiful helenium. The flower is well known to gardeners. It is unpretentious and easy to breed summer cottage. The perennial plant is native to North and Central America. Its stems are tough and durable. The flowers are very bright colors: yellow, red, variegated. Due to the variety of varieties, it is suitable for creating picturesque flower arrangements in flower beds or as a tapeworm (that is, it can be grown without mixing with other species). Helenium will look very impressive in both cases. Its flowering time is August.

Types, varieties of helenium

Helenium spring

​In this section you will find posts on the care, cultivation, watering, and propagation of Helenium. Community users share tips and secrets with each other. A huge number of photos.​

Helenium hybrid

Brassingham Gold - height up to 1 m, bright yellow flowers;

​The helenium autumnalis flower grows naturally in North America. People also call it the “sneezing plant.” Autumn helenium flowers can grow up to one meter in height. In August and November you can see flowers in the shape of heads with curved rays.​ ​When planning care for helenium, it is worth considering that this is a moisture-loving plant, so in hot weather it requires abundant watering. Plants are frost-resistant. However, if you do not take measures to transplant and shelter, then it may not survive the winter. Helenium flowers have one specific feature: buds, while still young, are formed annually higher and higher on the stem, eventually they can be seen above the soil, where they freeze. When preparing for winter, it is useful to mulch the flower with sawdust. These are the basic rules for caring for helenium.​Plant the plant in the background of flower beds, next to ornamental shrubs, singly or in groups, near buildings, fences. Helenium goes well with autumn blooming perennial asters. Beautiful inflorescences in bouquets.​"​

​

Helenium autumn

​Rothout​

- plant 100 cm tall. Reed flowers are red-brown, and tubular flowers are yellowish-brown. Flowering occurs in July.​

It is this rosette that produces a flowering stem the following year. Therefore, helenium does not have a bush, but has independent plants. Helenium stems are straight, branched at the top, 1.6 m tall.​ To plant helenium in your garden, planting and caring for the flower requires the following. One of the main conditions for the successful development of a plant is regular watering, which should be plentiful. If the summer is hot and dry, especially do not neglect frequent watering of flowers. Plants need to be fed with fertilizers several times a season.​The goal of our project is to exchange experience so that each project participant can learn how to care for a plant at home. Register.​ Bruno - height 1.2 m, golden brown-red;

​Look at the photo of autumn helenium on this page further:​ Helenium can be propagated by seeds, rosettes or green cuttings.​The variety of garden plants, which are planted taking into account their botanical characteristics, can delight the eye for a long period of time. Let's consider helenium flowers, which are increasingly finding a place in the sun in garden plots. It is a perennial and annual flower. Family - Asteraceae.​​"​

- plant up to 1.8 m tall, orange inflorescences, large, blooms in August. ​ ​Biedermeier​, grows in swamps and damp meadows.​ The leaves are arranged in an alternate order; they are lanceolate. Helenium inflorescences are baskets, they are solitary or collected in a corymbose inflorescence. The flowers are orange, yellow, brown, purple or bicolor; central ones are brown or yellow.​

​Gelenium needs replanting. When the bushes grow strongly, they need to be moved to a new place. This is necessary, since the plant stems die off along with the roots every year. But renewal buds remain, which are located in the underground part. New, young rosettes develop from them. It is not advisable to transplant in the fall. If it is nevertheless planned to replant helenium in the fall, planting and caring for it dictate compliance with the following rules. The stems of the plant must be cut off. Their height should be ten centimeters. When digging up bushes, you must protect the roots of the plant from damage.​ ​Latest in blogs​​Butterpat - height 1 m, dark yellow;​ The petals have a reddish tint, almost burgundy. There is a slight yellowish tint at the tip of the flower cones. Helenium Rubincverg is an elegant plant that can decorate any flower garden. Looks great in group plantings in flower beds.​

​Helenium can be planted either directly into the ground before winter or in seedling boxes in the spring. They usually grow in height, so it is possible to plant them close to each other (60-80 cm). The seeds germinate within 2-3 weeks, but only give color for the next season.​ ​We present a brief description of helenium flowers and some photos of this plant in bloom. It grows naturally in Central and North America. It has shiny yellow petals that surround spherical brownish nugs that are coated with lightly golden pollen. The leaves are pointed.​Grows in the mountain meadows of North America.​​"​

​. Baskets 4 cm in diameter; tongues brownish-red; tubular flowers yellow with brown. Blooms profusely.​ A rhizomatous perennial plant. Stems are branched, straight, up to 1.6 m tall, woody, strong, leafy.​ Helenium can be propagated by seeds. Since it is not whimsical, it is sown both in seedling boxes and in open ground. Seeds germinate within two to three weeks. You should expect the helenium to bloom, planting and caring for it in the manner described above, next season. Varietal plants are recommended to be propagated by division. Most the right time It is considered spring. You can also divide the bushes when transplanting, during flowering. To do this, cut the stems to speed up the development of renewal buds. To plant a flower, it is better to choose well-lit areas of the garden, although it will grow well in the shade. The soil should be moist, neutral and fertile.​​I bought a bush of flowers at the market. The seller called it “chocolate chamomile”, then found out that its correct name is helenium. The plant can become a decoration for any flower bed. It grows about 70 cm high. On each stem there is a small bouquet of chocolate daisies. Two years later, I divided the bush and replanted it. Now I have several growing...​

Helenium Gupesa

​Grimson Beauty - height 60 cm, yellow;​

Flowering lasts from mid-summer to mid-autumn. The length of the stem reaches up to 60 cm, sometimes even higher. The stems are tall and straight. Suitable for cutting and making bouquets.​

Gelenium location

​The easiest way to propagate this flower is with rosettes. But remember that in the fall it is not recommended to divide it, since after this it will bloom later, and the roots will not have time to prepare for the cold. Therefore, the best time for this is spring.​

Soil for helenium

​Inflorescences in the form of baskets (single or group). Along the edges of the baskets are flowers of yellow, orange or red shades. There are also central flowers in the basket. They are tube-shaped and have a brown or yellow tint.​

Helenium care

​plant 90 cm in height. The stems of Gelenium Gupes are straight, branched at the top. The foliage is oblong-lanceolate, dense, gray-green. Inflorescences are solitary, on long peduncles. Tubular and reed flowers are yellow. Flowering is abundant and lasts about 30 days. Bears fruit.​

Helenium propagation

​. Baskets 4 cm in diameter; the reeds are yellow with a red stroke, the tubular flowers are yellow. Gelenium "Biedermeier" 80 cm high. Blooms for about 40 days.​

Using helenium

Leaves are sessile, medium-sized. The inflorescences of autumn helenium are baskets, collected in apical corymbose inflorescences. Helenium autumnal has reed flowers that are yellow, red, and tubular flowers that are dark yellow. Flowering occurs in July and lasts 60 days.​

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Helenium flowers: planting and care - Online magazine about garden and landscape design

​Perennial rhizomatous plant. Straight stems, 1 m tall. The foliage is dark green, lanceolate. Inflorescences 7 cm in diameter. Reed flowers of helenium are orange, tubular ones are brown. Flowering begins in mid-May and lasts about 30 days. In Siberia it can winter without shelter. Bears fruit.​

Description of helenium flowers and their photos

​If helenium grows in your garden, almost no care is required. The plant is not susceptible to diseases - fungal and bacterial, and is also not afraid of pests.​

​Tatiana​

​Riverton Jam - height 1 m, red-golden;​

The leaves are green in color and small. Grows up to 70 cm. The flowers are burgundy. Cold-resistant.​

Growing helenium from seeds: planting and care

It is not so difficult to propagate helenium from green cuttings. For this purpose, young one-year-old shoots, reaching a height of 10-15 cm, should be taken into circulation in the spring. It is advisable to cut off and root the upper part of the shoot 6-8 cm. For the best effect, it is advisable to cover the cuttings on top with jars. As soon as you see new leaves on the cuttings, remove the jars immediately. And on the remaining stem new shoots will sprout, which will then be useful for cuttings in the summer, or just leave them for flowering. After you have already planted the cuttings in a permanent place, carefully mulch them with peat or humus, and cover them with covering material.​

The plant produces flowers in August or September. Helenium blooms for quite a long time. Flowers on helenium can be observed for 6 weeks from July to the end of August. It reaches a height of up to 90 cm, and the area of ​​the bush occupies up to 60 cm. Suitable for cutting and bouquet arrangements.​

The plant is light-loving and tolerates partial shade.

​Buttonpad​

​There are garden varieties with yellow-red flowers of different shades: ​

​This includes most garden hybrids of unknown origin, but the main original species is the autumn helenium. Varieties differ in size, height, shape and coloring of inflorescences, timing and duration of flowering. For example:​

​Before the onset of cold weather, helenium is prepared for wintering. The bushes are pruned - quite short. This is necessary so that the plant’s shelter is not interfered with by its stems. Then the flower must be mulched with moss or sawdust and covered with lutrasil.

Helenium can be annual or perennial. I have a perennial one, but despite this, the stems die off along with the roots by winter, which scared me very much when my plant’s first winter passed. In spring, a rosette of leaves forms from the underground part of the annual stem. The plant is tall 1.5 -1.7 cm. The stem is straight and branched ending...​

Helenium varieties

​Windley - height 80 cm, yellow-orange.​

Helenium spring and its photo

​Know that helenium grown using the above methods will bloom only after a year.​

Autumn helenium flowers and their photos

​Look at the photo of helenium flowers of various varieties:​

​Prefers fertile, well-cultivated neutral soil.​

Helenium Rubinzwerg

​Goldfuks​

Helenium Gupesa

Gardeners have in vain forgotten the beautiful helenium, planting and caring for which does not pose any special problems. The flower is widely used by landscape and garden designers, as it has a rich variety of varieties and lush flowering.​

Helenium hybrid

​Aster family. It is believed that the clan is named after Helen, the wife of King Menelaus, who, according to legend, was kidnapped by Paris. More than 30 species are known. The plant is native to North and Central America. Heleniums are perennial or annual herbaceous plants that do not have a perennial rhizome. By winter, flowering stems and roots die off. By this time, the buds formed on the underground part of the stem form a rosette of leaves with roots, which gives rise to a flowering stem the following year. That is, Helenium is not a bush in the generally accepted sense, but closely seated individual plants. Straight stems up to 160 cm high are branched at the top. The leaves are lanceolate, the inflorescences are baskets. The marginal flowers of Heleniums are ligulate, orange, yellow, purple, brown or bicolor; internal ones are tubular, yellow or brown. Powerful bushes of heleniums are dotted with inflorescences in yellow-brown-red color scheme, in harmony with other autumn colors.​

​Grows in the mountains of North America. Reaches 90 cm in height. The stems are straight, branched at the top. The leaves are oblong, pointed, gray-green. The flowers of Gelenium Gupes in the shape of a trumpet and tongue are yellowish. Flowering lasts about a month.​

​Currently, there are numerous varieties of helenium in breeding, which differ in flowering periods, bud colors and their sizes. The following describes some common varieties of helenium that can be grown in your garden.

To obtain early and long-lasting flowering, the seedling planting method is recommended. Growing helenium from seeds can be started on a windowsill or in a greenhouse from the end of March. To do this, light, structured soil with a high content of organic matter is prepared in advance. Helenium seeds are sown in small and shallow containers for growing seedlings. The first shoots appear after 2 weeks. Then they need to be planted in separate peat pots with a diameter of 4 - 5 cm. This procedure is carried out in the phase of 2 true leaves.

In hot weather it requires abundant watering. Responds well to feeding. The plant is winter-hardy, however, if you do not divide it for more than 3 years, the rosettes may freeze in winter. This is due to the fact that every year the helenium buds are laid higher and higher above the ground. It is necessary to divide helenium because of the rapidly growing bush, it depletes the soil.​

​ - golden yellow inflorescences.

​

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Helenium autumn

​Altgold​

​Helenium is native to North America. There are more than 30 species of helenium. Annual and perennial plants.​

Materials on Gelenium ​Perennials delight the eye every year. However, for a flower bed with mixed plants to look harmonious and beautiful, it is not enough to select perennials and plant them nearby. Only a skillfully selected combination of colors can turn a flower bed into a beautiful picture. One of critical roles

in the design of a flower garden, the placement of plants according to their growth plays a role....​

Heleniums are light-loving, but tolerate partial shade. They prefer fertile, neutral, cultivated and moist soils. In hot, dry weather, plants need abundant watering. During the summer it is necessary to carry out 2-3 feedings. If plants are not divided for more than 4 years, the rosettes may freeze. It is also necessary to divide helenium because rapidly growing bushes deplete the soil. By shortening some of the stems in June, you can prolong flowering. Faded stems are cut to the ground for the winter. The plant propagates by dividing the bush and seeds. Young heleniums will bloom next year.​ The wonderful helenium flowers will remind you of the passing summer throughout the fall. At the same time, they will help you do landscape design

dacha plot is even more attractive.

general description Helenium is a perennial. Flowering occurs from July to October. The length of the plant reaches 70-150 centimeters.

• Depending on the variety, the color of the petals can be:
• orange;
• red;
• yellow;

brown-red.

The plant is native to Central and North America. Helenium does not have a perennial rhizome. Flowering stems die off in winter. At this time, rosettes with leaves appear on the underground part of the annual stem. The next year a flowering stem appears from it. Thus, there is no bush as such, there are only many united independent plants.

The stems reach a height of 160 cm, straight, branching at the top. The leaves are lanceolate and arranged in alternate order. The achenes are lightly pubescent and oblong-cylindrical. The inflorescences are baskets.

Varietal diversity

In July, one of the most popular varieties of helenium blooms - Moerheim Beauty. It is distinguished by the unusual bronze-red color of its flowers. The height of the helenium of the presented species reaches 90 cm.

At the end of summer you can enjoy the flowering of such varieties as:

• "BaudirektorLinne" flowers are red-brown (plant height – 130 cm);
• "Waltraud" yellow-brown flowers (plant height – 80 cm);
• "Koenigstiger" yellow flowers with a red border (plant height – 120 cm);
• "Magnificum" reaches a height of 80 cm, low-growing variety, yellow center.

In autumn, varieties such as “Sonnenwunder” and “Septembergold” bloom. The first variety is distinguished by its amazingly beautiful orange flowers, while the second variety has yellow flowers.

Photo gallery

Use on a summer cottage

Helenium blooms in August, but it acquires its brightness in the autumn. The plant looks great in group plantings.

Helenium should be planted on slightly moist, nutrient-rich soil. If the soil is heavy, you will need to add compost and sand.

The best option placing flowers on the site - near the fence. There they are reliably protected from precipitation and look very attractive. Helenium often covers ugly outbuildings.

You can also plant a flower near ornamental shrubs, singly or in groups, in the background of flower beds. The plant goes well with asters, which bloom in the fall. Heleniums look very good in bouquets.

Gelenium: description and care (video)

Important! Flowers should be cut only after they have bloomed, otherwise they will not open in water.

Combination with other plants

You can also use helenium in combination with perennials in the flower bed. In this case, it should be located in the middle or in the foreground of the flower bed. Having chosen the presented option, make sure that other plants do not interfere with the growth of helenium. The plant looks great against the backdrop of cascading flower beds. Best neighbors for him will be:

• sedums;
• delphiniums;
• rudbeckia;
• asters;
• snow-white phlox.

Helenium looks interesting with heucheras, marigolds, saplings, goldenrod, and garden yarrow.

Another option is to plant near a reservoir or pond.

Helenium can be used both in combination with plants that are in the same color scheme (Phygelius capensis, marigolds, goldenrod) and with white flowers.

Planting and care

• The soil is prepared in the spring. It is dug up to a depth of 30 cm and compost is added. The seedlings are removed from the pots and placed in water for 5 minutes, it is important that the roots absorb moisture. The hole should be 2 times larger than the root ball. There is no need to deepen the helenium; the same depth as in the pot is enough.
• In dry weather, plants require watering. Preference should be given to drip irrigation.
• Helenium, which is easy to plant, has special care requirements. It is important to remember how plants exist in nature. They require fertile and moist soils. Flowers have increased lighting requirements. In partial shade, plants with red petals will not bloom, but you can try growing plants with yellow petals in such conditions. In dry times, watering is done 2 times a week.

• It is worth noting that heleniums feel great in flower beds with dense planting. You can place low-growing species in the foreground, and tall ones in the background. Tapeworms look great against the background of the lawn. However, the plants require additional care in the form of timely watering.
• Flowers will be grateful for the application of mineral fertilizers, a couple of times per season is enough. After three years, replanting is carried out - the bushes quickly age. However, it is recommended to carry it out in the autumn.
• When growing helenium, you need to know that even with proper care, the bush may not survive the winter. In snowless and frosty winters, flowers quickly freeze out. It was noted that in this case, the condition of plants created using other varieties, for example, Bigelow, is worse.
• In winter, the soil around the plant is mulched with sawdust and moss. The top is covered with lutrasil. It is recommended to prune for the winter.

• The acquisition of seedlings should be done in the spring. At the same time, the plants must be healthy.
• To obtain spreading bushes in the spring, the tops of the shoots are pinched off.
• The soil should be rich in nutrients.

Rejuvenation of bushes is carried out in spring or autumn. To do this, the plant is dug up, then it is divided and planted again.

Helenium is a genus of perennial and annual herbaceous plants, numbering 32 species. It belongs to the Asteraceae family. These flowers are common on the North American continent. Most of varieties grow in the central part of the mainland.

Gardeners fell in love with heleniums for their delicate beauty, which is fully revealed between August and October. It is at this time that flowering occurs. In autumn, flowers enliven the garden, attracting attention with bright baskets.

Gelenium - external characteristics

The height of the plant, depending on the species, can vary between 0.5–1.6 m. Straight or branched stems are erect. In some species they are bare, in others they are covered with a dense pile of thin hairs.

Leaf blades are petiolate and sessile. Their shape and size also differ. Most varieties of heleniums have alternate, lanceolate, oval leaves with jagged edges. The baskets can be either single or collected in inflorescences.

Spherical flowers with a diameter of 3 to 6 cm consist of marginal petals of red, orange, bright yellow, purple or brown. The central tubes are colored yellow or brown. After flowering ends, fruits are formed in the baskets - oblong seeds covered with thin fluff.

Types of heleniums

The genus of Heleniums is numerous, it includes 32 species of plants, differing in height, shape of the stem and leaves, size of flower baskets and their color. The table shows the most prominent representatives of the genus.

Species name	Short description	Photo
Hybrid	It is customary to include all known garden varieties and varieties. Plant height reaches 1.3 m. Baskets are 3.5–5 cm in diameter, painted in different shades of orange, purple, brown
Autumn	This species was taken as the basis for developing the most popular varieties for the garden. The stems are dense, branching, up to 1.6 m in height. The leaf blades are elongated, lanceolate, serrated at the edges. Flower baskets are collected in lush inflorescences. The tubular flowers are made in shades of brown, and the reed flowers are painted in bright yellow. Flowering duration is 50-60 days. It starts at the end of July
Perennial	A variety up to 90 cm high. Single baskets up to 5 cm in diameter. Tubular flowers in the central part are yellow, brown at the edges. Petals are purple with orange highlights
Brown	The plant is 130–160 cm high. The leaves are lanceolate, the marginal reed flowers are orange-brown, the tubular flowers are dark brown.
Gupesa	The stem reaches 90 cm in height. The leaf blades are gray-green, narrow, elongated. Baskets are single, tubular and reed flowers are bright yellow

Based on Helenium Autumn, breeders have managed to develop many interesting varieties. German scientists invested a significant share of work in the creation of hybrid garden crops. The table shows popular varietal hybrids.

Variety	Description	Photo
Rubinzverg	This variety is popular among gardeners. The height of the plant reaches 60 cm, the stem is branched and dense. Numerous flower heads attract attention with ruby ​​petals and central yellowish tubular flowers. Starts to bloom in July
Autumn Jazz	Straight branched stems grow up to 120 cm in height. The leaf blades are narrow-lanceolate with serrated edges. Flowers up to 5 cm in diameter are collected in inflorescences. The petal reeds are red-yellow, and the tubular flowers are yellow-brown.
Double Trouble	Stems are erect, 1–1.2 m long, branched. The leaves are elongated, oval-shaped, pointed at the ends. Flower baskets are plain, bright yellow
Cockade	Bush 1.2 m high. Leaves are sessile, lanceolate. The diameter of the flower baskets is 4.5 cm. The reed petals are colored red-brown, closer to the center of the flower the red shade is more saturated. The tubular petals are brownish-yellow. Flowering begins in August
Moerheim Beauty	The height of the plant reaches 120 cm. Flowering begins in August and continues until November. The variety is popular among gardeners due to the unusual colors of the baskets. When the buds open, the petals show shades of brown, orange, yellow and red. Once in bloom, the flowers turn brownish-red

Growing heleniums in the garden

Heleniums cannot be called capricious and demanding plants. This is an unpretentious crop, easy and pleasant to care for. In open ground they are usually grown in seedlings. Flowers take root well and do not require much attention.

Caring for helenium includes standard procedures:

• proper watering;
• fertilizing;
• loosening the soil;
• weed removal;
• preparation for wintering (in perennial species).

Planting seeds for seedlings

Helenium can be planted in two ways - seeds and seedlings. The first option is more often used by gardeners from the southern regions. They sow in the fall, since the planting material needs stratification, and in the soil this process will take place naturally.

For residents of the middle zone, the seedling method of growing helenium is suitable, since there is a high risk of seeds freezing when sown in open ground in the fall. To get ready seedlings by mid-May, sowing work begins in February or March, but first the seeds are stratified.

When growing heleniums by seed, flowering is expected only in the second or third year.

Since the seeds will have to be kept in the cold for at least a month, sowing should be done in mid-January. You will need a small container of wet sand. The planting material is first soaked in water for 30 minutes, then slightly dried and scattered over the surface.

The container is wrapped in cling film and stored in the refrigerator. The suitable temperature for seed stratification is no higher than +7 ºС. This means there is a compartment for fruits and vegetables. The package should remain there for 30–40 days.

By the end of February, the container is placed in a well-lit place. Shoots will appear in 2–3 weeks. It's important to keep track temperature conditions. The thermometer should not fall below +22 ºС. When the seedlings hatch, the film is removed. Picking of seedlings is carried out after the appearance of the third leaf.

Young plants are dug up with a spoon, trying not to damage the delicate roots, and planted in separate containers filled with fertile soil. Seedlings are protected from exposure to direct sunlight and watered regularly. From the end of April they begin to be hardened in order to accustom them to external conditions.

Planting seedlings in open ground

The seedlings are transferred to open ground when the threat of night frosts has passed. In the northern regions - at the end of May or beginning of June. Before planting, you should prepare the area and dig it up with compost. If the soil in the garden is heavy, it is recommended to add sand to loosen it.

Best time of day to spend planting work- after sunset.

Seedlings are planted according to a 35x30 cm pattern. The diameter of the holes should be twice the size of the root system of the seedlings. Plants are deepened into the soil to the same level at which they grew in cups.

After planting is completed, the heleniums are watered and the soil is mulched. You can use peat or humus. Thanks to this coating, it retains moisture at the plant roots longer. Mulching serves another purpose - it prevents the growth of weeds.

Features of garden care

Caring for flowers is not difficult if you are familiar with their characteristics. Experienced gardeners They know that heleniums do not tolerate drought. Missing watering can be disastrous. If the heat is very hot, the plants are watered every day in the evening. In cool weather, when moisture evaporates slowly, reduce watering to 2 or 3 times a week.

Weeding is an important aspect of flower care. Weeds will not bother the gardener if he mulches the soil immediately after planting. Otherwise, you will have to actively fight them. Weeds deplete the soil, causing cultivated plants lack of nutrients.

The soil around the stems must be loosened the day after watering. The formation of a dense crust around the bushes is unacceptable; the soil must have good air permeability.

How to feed helenium

During the entire growing season, the bushes are fed three times. Both organic and mineral fertilizers are used. detailed instructions on the introduction of fertilizing is contained in the table.

Gardeners recommend using foliar fertilizing of helenium. During budding, they spray the bushes with a growth stimulant. The drug Buton is suitable for these purposes. To prepare the product, you need to dissolve 10 g of powder in 10 liters of water.

During flowering, it is advisable to remove dry flower stalks. Thanks to this, new buds will be formed more actively. You can increase the bushiness of the stems by pinching the ends.

Preparing for winter

Perennial heleniums overwinter in open ground. When aboveground part When the plants dry out completely, the stems are cut off, leaving small fragments 12–15 cm long. In regions with warm climates, gardeners do not worry about covering the crop, other than pouring dry leaves on the planting site.

IN middle lane flowers need a reliable insulated layer. After trimming the bushes, you should cover the area with a dense layer of sawdust or peat. If a snowless winter is predicted, lutrasil is placed on top. Immediately after the snow melts, the insulating synthetic material is removed, otherwise the roots of the heleniums will be blocked.

Diseases and pests

Helenium is resistant to diseases and is rarely affected by pests. The danger for it is stagnation of moisture in the soil. It can cause root rot. This problem can be avoided by adding sand to the soil when planting to make it porous and light.

The plant can be attacked by chrysanthemum nematodes - thin thread-like worms. They penetrate inside the stems and flower buds, where their full development cycle occurs. When infected by pests, helenium leaves become thinner, discolored and covered with yellowish spots. Damaged ones soon die and fall off.

If signs of nematode infection are detected, diseased plants must be burned and the soil under them must be poured with boiling water. The use of chemicals is not always effective.

Heleniums are unpretentious and beautiful flowers. They are loved for their bright blooms, which sometimes last until mid-autumn. These plants are one of the few that decorate an already yellowed garden.

For those who have decided to grow this attractive chamomile-like flower on their property for the first time, the following recommendations will be of interest: helenium - planting and care. By the way, this is a plant loved by gardeners and landscape designers all over the world, which fits well into any design of plots, gardens and even individual flower beds.

Photo 1. Helenium is native to Central and North America.

Description of Helenium

There are more than 30 species of Heleniums (a genus of annuals and perennials of the Asteraceae family). Their homeland is Central and North America. There is a legend according to which the beautiful Helen, the wife of King Menelaus, kidnapped by enemies and imprisoned in a tower, cried about her grief, and her tears, falling to the ground, flared up with a bright flame and turned into golden flowers. They were called Heleniums. Modest and unremarkable until a certain time, at the end of summer they bloom with warm and velvety colors and charm with their unusual beauty.

The roots of perennial helenium die in winter, but the underground buds remain.

Perennial helenium is not what we are used to thinking of as perennial flowers. In the cold weather, plants die off along with their roots, but their underground buds have already formed leaf rosettes, which will produce new shoots in the spring. What appears to be a bush from afar is actually a multitude of closely growing erect flower stalks branching at the top. The height of the “bush” can reach up to 1.5 m, although there are also low-growing varieties. The plant has lanceolate, alternate leaves. Flower baskets can be single or collected in corymbose inflorescences. The baskets are painted in yellow, orange, red, brown and purple tones, and are also available in two colors. The fruit is a pubescent achene with an elongated shape. Helenium has an interesting property of changing color during the growing season. Yellow bushes turn orange, red bushes turn brown.

A photograph of helenium conveys the beauty and unusualness of the flower much better than words (photo 1).

Reproduction methods

Decorative flowers are propagated in two ways: by seeds and vegetatively - by separating rosettes and cuttings.

Helenium seeds must be collected in the fall.

Helenium seeds are collected in the fall. This must be done before the prolonged autumn rains begin. As soon as the cone turns black and the reed flowers darken, the seeds are ripe. But it is not a fact that a plant grown from collected seeds will be a copy of its “parent”. In addition, the germination rate of freshly harvested seeds is quite low. Therefore, it is better to purchase seeds in a specialized store, where helenium is presented in various varieties.

The seeds are sown in the ground in the fall, and by summer young flower bushes will have formed. And in early spring (late February - early March) you can sow them in containers for seedlings. After the seeds are sown, the container is wrapped in polyethylene and placed in the refrigerator in the vegetable compartment for 1-1.5 months. This process is called stratification. Then the container is placed in a warm place with good lighting. The air temperature should be +18-22 degrees. Seedlings sprout with 2-3 true leaves, and helenium will bloom only after a year.

The most effective way The reproduction of a flower is considered to be the separation of rosettes. They are planted in May, when the likelihood of night frosts is reduced to zero. Helenium can also be propagated by stem cuttings while the stems are growing. The cuttings are cut and rooted in the soil. You can pre-hold them in the rooting mixture. The optimal planting density of rosettes and cuttings is 4-5 per 1 square. m.

Planting and caring for ornamental plants

Watering helenium should be frequent and quite abundant.

It is better to choose a sunny area, but heleniums also grow and bloom well in the shade. The soil should be well-drained, neutral, light and nutritious. Before planting, the soil is dug up with compost onto the bayonet of a shovel.

For planting, holes are prepared that are 2 times larger than the root ball of the plant. Helenium roots are dipped in water for a few minutes to soak in moisture, then planted at the same depth at which the plant grew in the box. The minimum planting pattern is 30x35 cm. Then the soil is mulched with humus or peat.

The peculiarity of helenium is that dry soil inhibits it. Watering should be frequent and abundant, especially on hot days. At the same time, the plant cannot tolerate too wet soil. Regular weeding and shallow (7 cm deep) loosening are required. Mulching the soil after planting will make it easier to kill weeds.

Fertilizing is carried out 3 times with mineral and organic fertilizers:

1. In May. For 10 liters of water, take 1 tbsp. l. organic fertilizer Effekton, potassium sulfate, urea. Consumption - 3-4 liters per 1 sq. m.
2. Late August - early September. For 10 liters of water, take 1 liter of liquid mullein, 1 tbsp. l. liquid Agricola-fantasy and Agricola-7. Consumption - 2-3 liters per 1 sq. m.
3. At the end of October. For 10 liters of water, take 1 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate and superphosphate. Consumption - 5 l per 1 sq. m.

Photo 2. Bright flower bushes of heleniums will decorate any area in the country.

You can spray the plant for better budding with growth regulator Bud (take 10 g per 10 liters).

For more lush flowering You need to remove wilted inflorescences. Pinching the tops increases the branching and density of the bushes.

Before the onset of winter cold, the stems of the plant are cut off, leaving small tails above the ground. Then the area is mulched with sawdust or moss and covered in case of a snowless winter or severe frosts lutrasil. If the winters are mild, the plant will survive them well without shelter. Over time, helenium loses its frost-resistant properties, and the soil under it is depleted, so it must be replanted every 4 years.

Heleniums in the design of plots

Bright flower bushes can decorate any area (photo 2). Tall plants are used to make mono-plantings that perfectly camouflage fences and buildings that have an unpresentable appearance. In a flowerbed, helenium is placed in the center so that more low growing plants were not blocked by spreading tall flowers. Low-growing varieties are used to make picturesque borders.

Photo 3. Very beautiful decorative flower is Helenium hybrid.

Heleniums combine very beautifully with asters, rudbeckias, sedums and ornamental shrubs. They look no less impressive in bouquets, but you should keep in mind that flowers that have not fully opened will not bloom in water.

Some types of helenium are designed specifically for garden decoration. For example, Helenium autumnale, popularly called the “sneezing plant,” and Helenium bigelow. In the old days, dry leaves of helenium autumn were used in the manufacture of tobacco, which, when inhaled, caused sneezing, thereby expelling evil spirits from the body. Usually the plant grows up to 1 m, but there are species that reach 2 m. Heleniums can vary in color: yellow, red-brown, orange. The flowering period is from August to October. The flower does not like a large amount of fertilizing.

And Helenium bigelow blooms in June-July, the middle flowers are brown, the reed flowers are yellow. The height of the plant is 80 cm. At the same time, the helenium gupes blooms.

There are plants that bloom in spring. The flower is called spring helenium. Its height reaches 1 m, from mid-May to mid-June it pleases the eye with orange-brown flowers.

A very attractive decorative flower is hybrid helenium (photo 3).

There are a lot of plant varieties, and everyone can choose their favorite helenium and use it in landscaping their area, creating beautiful and intricate flower beds and green hedges.