Servicemen of the last draft. Draft age during the war. The last desperate step towards that victorious spring

Let's honor a minute of silence to our fellow villagers who have not returned from the war. Auschwitz. Special edition of the newspaper. My native land. Glory Square. World War II veterans. Aircraft designers. Tragedy and feat of the people. Fascism. The Great Patriotic War. Artillery. Front roads of Khabarovsk. I.V. Stalin. G.K. Zhukov. Weapon of victory. A weapon of war. Food card. Medal for the fight. Memorial with. Krasnorechenskoe.

"Briefly about the war 1941-1945" - How many nameless heroes were there. Defenders of Stalingrad. June. Sobyanin died a heroic death. Generation of winners. 36 thousand schoolchildren were awarded orders and medals. Zina Portnova. Chuprov Alexander Emelyanovich. Leningrad blockade. Western Europe. Partisan detachments. Memory. Brest Fortress. Putilov Matvey. The Great Patriotic War. People. Twenty-seven million human lives were claimed by the war.

"The course of the Great Patriotic War" - Stalin's autograph: Victory at Stalingrad. Were there the means to defeat Germany? But everyone understands that the war is lost. Italy, Romania, Hungary and Finland also entered the war against the USSR. The production of tanks, ships, and ammunition developed at a rapid pace. The number of deserters is exceptionally high. Gko. Country in the late 30s. In its cruelty and fierce depravity. On April 16, 1945, the battle began.

"The Great Patriotic War" - April-May. Situation. Impossible task. Everything for the front. The initial period of the war. Summer-spring campaign. Soviet troops. Summer-autumn campaign. Third period of the war. Yalta conference. War of the Soviet Union against Nazi Germany. Political schools. Occupation regime. Joseph Stalin. The last military call. The Great Patriotic War. The end of the war. Offensive actions. Moldavian SSR.

"History of the Second World War" - Results of the initial period of the war. Millions of Soviet citizens ended up in the occupied territories. The invasion begins. North direction. Staff vacations were canceled from mid-June. He found himself in the blockade of Leningrad. On the morning of June 22, the Finnish army was sent to the Aland Islands. Blitzkrieg. The North-Western Front (commander F.I.Kuznetsov) was created in the Baltic States. Central direction.

"Great battles of the great war" - The Siege of Leningrad. Eternal Glory to the heroes! Victory parade. Defense of the Brest Fortress. May 9 - Victory Day. In the name of the living - Victory! The victorious outcome of the Battle of Stalingrad was of great military and political significance. Victory! The Battle of Kursk lasted forty-nine days - from July 5 to August 23, 1943. The city is a hero. On July 12, the largest oncoming tank battle in history took place in the Prokhorovka area. The 85-meter sculpture “Motherland Calls” crowns the memorial in the photo.

Lena Kornilov turned eighteen on March 24. After 45 days, on May 9, 1945, the Great Patriotic War ended. Each veteran has his own scores with fortune. The March call in 1927 was lucky according to the Hamburg score: their war ended in the "training", which was rapidly churning out young lieutenants. Those who were a little older fell into a terrible meat grinder at Lake Balaton and in Manchuria. Two-three-four months difference in the date of birth and someone from the generation of eighteen years old received a royal gift from fate - the future. And in the load of constant pain without the fault of the guilty. For the first time, she touched the heart of Leonid Vasilyevich, when he, along with other leaders of the Kalinin region, was sent to Hungary, as they said at the time, to exchange experience.

We are walking through the Soviet cemetery, the plates are the same flashing before our eyes, for many my year of birth is 1927. And there are a lot of them, 18-year-old boys! - recalls the 85-year-old veteran.

Information about the demographics of our losses during the Great Patriotic War was classified as "Secret" for a long time. Modern historians have recently begun to reveal the secrets of war generations. Elena Senyavskaya, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, spoke about the latest military conscription "RG".

Leonid Kornilov recalls those killed during the Balaton operation. The last defensive operation of the Red Army against the German troops. How many people died then?

Elena Senyavskaya: The operation was carried out from 6 to 15 March 1945 by part of the forces of the 3rd Ukrainian Front with the assistance of the 1st Bulgarian and 3rd Yugoslav armies in the area of Lake Balaton. During the battle, Soviet troops repelled the Wehrmacht offensive, codenamed "Spring Awakening". The losses of the 3rd Ukrainian Front amounted to 32,899 people, of which 8492 were irretrievable.

97% of the generation of 18-year-olds from the first military draft of 1941 died

Now we are working on the 5th volume of the 12-volume "History of the Great Patriotic War". So, I had to meet more than once references to the heroism and dedication of Soviet fighters of the last military draft - boys born in 1926-1927, who took part in hostilities at the very end of the war: in the west, when the countries of Europe were liberated from fascism, and in the Far East, in battles with militarist Japan. I read letters from the front. And in the biographies of the authors of these touching documents it often appears: he was born in 1926, died in 1945.

"Hello, dear little sister Galya!" - wrote in February 1945 the Red Army soldier Sasha Zagorenko, born in 1926, drafted into the army in the spring of 1944. And in a boyish way he threatened the Nazis: "I am a machine gunner, number one, a gunner, so I give the Germans life, I will avenge all of them, damned bastards ..." He died on April 23, 1945, on the outskirts of Berlin.

Was it an adult, courageous generation?

Elena Senyavskaya: Courageous, of course. But they were still children. Look how Sasha Zagorenko says goodbye to his sister: "Goodbye, I kiss you hard. Hello to grandmother, mom, hello to everyone ... Draw more drawings. Your brother Sasha." They were ordinary boys who really wanted to go home to their parents, someone to brides. 18-year-old Borya Zapolsky wrote to his parents a month before his death: “I am still alive and well and still fighting the enemy. a very dangerous situation ... Dear parents, now I have one desire and one thought - about how to reach Berlin in the shortest possible time. For through it is the way home, to the Motherland ... Your son Boris. " On April 30, Boris Zapolsky was killed in Berlin by shrapnel from a faustpatron. He was posthumously awarded the Medal For Courage.

It is known that the battles with Japan were very bloody. Was it mainly the guys from the Far East who were called there?

Elena Senyavskaya: Yes it is. Although 400 thousand front-line soldiers were transferred to the Far East from Europe. In total, more than 1.5 million of our soldiers took part in the battles with the Japanese.

During the three-week Far Eastern campaign, Soviet soldiers had to overcome large natural obstacles - waterless steppes and sandy deserts of Mongolia, mountain ranges of the Great Khingan, large water obstacles to experience torrential rains, exhausting daytime heat and piercing night cold. And most importantly, it was necessary to storm the powerful fortified areas created by the Japanese for many years, which blocked access to the central regions of Manchuria, to fight suicide bombers - "kamikaze". The commander of the 1136th Red Banner Konigsberg Rifle Regiment, Colonel Savoykin, said that he would not have believed if he had been told that his regiment would pass through hot sands, mountains and gorges at a march speed of up to 65 kilometers a day: “Suvorov was a master of large crossings, but he led trained soldiers who served in the army for 20-25 years. In my regiment, 65 percent of the personnel are young people born in 1927. "

And it will be so, it will inevitably be.

An old man will appear on the stage in orders

The last front-line soldier on the planet

And before him in a fit people will stand up:

Not someone in front of them - a front-line soldier!

An experienced old man will lead a story

How this earth was ripped out of metal,

How he saved this sun for us ...

The boys will be very surprised

The girls will sigh in sorrow-

How is it possible - to die at seventeen,

How can you lose a mother in childhood ...

And he will leave in the dew of scarlet sunrises,

In bouquets of roses and field poppies ...

Memorize them before it's too late

While they live among the living.

Nikolay Rybalko. Memorize them

The last military conscription - conscription, the last one during the Great Patriotic War, conscripts born in 1926 and 1927.

By the end of 1944, the entire territory of the Soviet Union was liberated from the Nazi troops, but there was still more than six months left before the end of the war. In the first years of the war, the Red Army suffered significant losses, maintaining the number of combat-ready units by mobilizing older ages. However, the human reserves are not unlimited. It should be noted that for the first time the country's leadership decided to deviate from the Law on General Military Duty in the face of severe human losses and to call over 700 thousand underage youths born in 1926 for active military service in the fall of 1943. This experience was repeated in the following years 1944 and 1945. And do not believe anyone who says that these teenagers sat at their desks during the war. On October 25, 1944, the State Defense Committee announced the call for military service of conscripts born in 1927. Then 1 million 156 thousand 727 people were called up (according to Wikipedia).

The generation of the defenders of the Fatherland of the last military draft is a special category of people who, having barely reached the age of seventeen, were drafted in 1944 into the ranks of the Red Army and the Navy.

And all of them, in fact, were minors on the day of the call. This experience of conscription already took place in the First World War in 1915 in Russia. But then "an early call was made for young people born in 1895, and young men who had not yet reached the age of twenty went to war." This is mentioned by G. Zhukov in his book “G. K. Zhukov. Memories and reflections. "In 1944, the recruited youths were barely seventeen years old. Most of them persistently strove to the front in military units and warships. And many had to serve in units of the active army. % consisted of soldiers born in 1926-1927 (Archive of the MOSSSR F396 OP243910, d.2, l.281).

Those who of them had a chance to fight on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, showed courage and fortitude, fighting the fascist invaders. Not all of them lived to see the Great Victory Day. Having passed the course of a young soldier at an accelerated pace, in early 1945 many were sent to the front, many a little later in the same 1945 - to the Far East to participate in the war with Japan. Not because of a good life, our country was forced to fight with children's hands. 280 thousand young Soviet soldiers remained forever on the battlefields of European countries, which they, together with their older brother-soldiers, had to free from fascism. Among the participants in the Great Patriotic War of the last military draft, 15 people received the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Most of the last military draft did not reach the front, but their service at that time differed little from the front. The protection of military facilities and camps, the "cleansing" of the liberated territories were, as a rule, a terrible and bloody affair. They did not fight at the front, but were next to it, with weapons in their hands, they participated in the elimination of bandit Bandera gangs, cleared the liberated territories on land and at sea, escorted German prisoners of war, carried border and guard duty. After the end of the war, they were in constant combat readiness, without taking off their greatcoats for months, and served in the Red Army for more than three legal terms.

The special merit of these young men was that the responsibility for strengthening the defense power and security of our Motherland fell on their shoulders, when there was a massive dismissal of older privates, sergeants and petty officers after the end of the war.

Many trials and difficulties fell to the lot of young soldiers of the last military draft. The urgent service for them was extended to 7 - 9 years. There were no massive military conscriptions either in 1945 or in 1946, until 1949 in accordance with the resolution of the Supreme Military Council chaired by Stalin. Mass military conscription into the army and navy after the war began to be made only from 1949-50 -x years And all this time, from 1944 to the 50s, the generation of the last military draft served, ensuring the security and defense of our country. And at the same time, no one grumbled, did not show dissatisfaction with the three times longer service without holidays.

And even before the call to war in 1944-45, young men managed to work for 2 - 3 years in the national economy, where then only women, old people and children worked. And everyone worked without rest and vacations, giving all their strength to the common cause of Victory. All soldiers of the last draft were awarded the medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." and jubilee medals.

Last Call Soldiers

We want to tell you about the soldiers of the last draft - our fellow countrymen, residents of the village of Glubokoye.

Ivan Avdeevich Filtsov(23.08.1927 - 03.11.2016)

On January 27, 1997, in the village of Glubokoye, a public organization was created - the Council of Veterans of the last draft of the Great Patriotic War. Ivan Avdeevich Filtsov was elected the Chairman of the Council. His childhood ended at the age of 13 when the war broke out. He worked as a shepherd on a collective farm, a hitchhiker on a tractor. After the liberation of his native Milyutinsky region from the Germans in January 1943, he was enrolled in special. the formation of the NKVD - a fighter battalion. The battalion fighters lived in a barracks position, guarded weapons and ammunition abandoned by the Germans, participated in the clearance of fields from shells and mines, in the arrest of the Germans leaving the Stalingrad encirclement. And in January 1945, Ivan Filtsov was taken into the Red Army. He was 17 and a half years old. He served in the reserve regiments of the North Caucasian Military District, where he was a mortarman, an artilleryman, and a reconnaissance officer. From 1947 to 1951 he served in the Far East, and his entire service lasted 7 years. He returned to a peaceful life in 1951, he had neither education nor civilian profession. He went to work on the railroad, graduated from a school for working youth, then in absentia from a technical school and an institute. Ivan Avdeevich devoted his whole life to the railway - he was both a train foreman, and a shop foreman, head of the FDA reserve and head of the carriage depot. A railroad is a well-oiled mechanism, work on it is very responsible and requires a lot of effort from a person. Nevertheless, Ivan Avdeevich Filtsov managed to devote a lot of attention to public work, mainly dedicated to preserving the memory of the feat of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War. On his initiative, a monument to the railway workers who died at the front and in the rear was built on the territory of the Glubokaya wagon depot. The monument was inaugurated on May 9, 1975 and is dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the Great Victory. Later, when the depot was closed in the 90s, the monument was moved to the square near the Glubokaya station. Here are held such events as "Watch of Memory", laying flowers on the eve of Victory Day, meetings of schoolchildren with veterans. Ivan Avdeevich has always been an active participant in these meetings.

As chairman of the Council of Veterans - Railway Workers of the Glubokaya station, he takes the initiative to write the history of the station, which would cover everything - the military and labor feat of our fellow countrymen of railway workers during the war and in peacetime, the development of the road itself and its services, the fate of people who dedicated station your life. And such a booklet was created. Its name is symbolic - "The Road of Life". Many took part in its creation - members of the Council of Veterans, employees of the department of culture of the administration of the Kamensky district, the department of education, the editorial office of the regional newspaper "Earth", the Intersettlement Central Library, residents of the village of Glubokoye. But most of the materials and photographs for the booklet were collected by I.A.Filtsov. The circulation of the edition is small, but it is an invaluable material of local lore, a gift from a veteran railway worker to future generations. In 2010, the Kamensk administration and the District Assembly of Deputies awarded Ivan Avdeevich Filtsov the title of Honorary Citizen of the Kamensk District for his outstanding professional achievements and many years of conscientious work in the patriotic education of youth.

Vasily Ivanovich Volchensky

Drafted for military service in 1944. He served as a driver, graduated from the military school of auto mechanics in 1945. He was a sergeant, squad leader, deputy. platoon commander. Demobilized in 1951 as a specialist in wheeled vehicles.

Nikolay G. Gaidarev

Was drafted on May 10, 1943, he was not yet 17 years old, at first he was taught shooting, military science. Then he got into the 42nd rifle regiment of the NKVD, where tactical exercises continued. After studying there was the first baptism of fire in 1944 - the Caucasian operation. Then again the order and participation in the enhanced protection of the Chinese border. The situation there is complicated. The Chinese (Kuomintang) constantly made provocations to start a war. In 1945, the Chinese quieted down, and the regiment where Nikolai Grigorievich served was transported to Western Ukraine in the Drohobych region at the Medyka station. When Medyka went to Poland, Gaidarev ended up in the city of Mostiska in the Lvov region. Until 1950, he fought against Ukrainian nationalists in western Ukraine. Has government awards. Served seven and a half years.

Nikolay Vlasovich Grigoriev

Drafted in November 1944. He served as a mechanic - driver of a T - 31 tank. Was demobilized in May 1951.

Genrikh Vasilievich Korablin

Genrikh Vasilievich Korablin was born in the village of Markinskaya, Tsimlyansk region in 1928. At the age of 15, he went to work at MTS as a trailer operator. They took him to the army at the beginning of 1945, at the end of February he was already in the 83rd Infantry Regiment in Novocherkassk. Two weeks later, Korablin was sent to the signal troops in the village of Vorontsovo - Aleksandrovka, Stavropol Territory. He had 7 classes of education, but there was no certificate, they did not have time to issue it - the war began. He passed the exam in the army in a peculiar way - they gave the Constitution of the USSR in their hands - read it. I read it passably. In the unit, they learned to climb poles, studied telephone sets, including new induction phonics, which then came from America. He remembers when they learned about the Victory on May 9, 1945, the deputy regiment commander for political affairs Churkin jumped out of the headquarters, hugged the sentry.

The service went more smoothly, but there was a lot of work - they were restoring communication from Mineralnye Vody to Vorontsovo - Aleksandrovka. We began to receive government assignments - 200 km of new telephone communication from Baku. The poles were transported on buffaloes, hooked, lifted, everything was done by hand. It was very difficult to dig holes under the pillars - the ground in the mountains is rocky. We finished this line - they loaded some of them into wagons and transported them to Tbilisi. From the observation deck across the pass, the one where Pushkin met the train with the body of Griboyedov, they began to build a communication line. Before that, there were crooked pillars with one wire - and this was the government connection to Kirovokan. For replacing this line, the regiment commander received the Order of the Red Star, and the signalmen were given 15 days of vacation. Heinrich Korablin was then a junior sergeant, he was transferred to Krasnodar to a regimental school as a squad leader. Then, already from Krasnodar in 1948, and he went on his first vacation. For the first time after four years of service he was then at home.

Heinrich served in the army for 6 years and 1 month. He returned home as a sergeant in 1951, already in the village of Morozovskaya. The native village of Markinskaya no longer existed; the Tsimlyansk reservoir was built in its place. Genrikh Vasilievich went to the conductors, soon became a senior conductor, then he was going to study as a driver. He studied in the 7th grade of the evening school, and then went to the Voronezh school of machinists. On train practice, he was sent as a train driver at the Glubokaya depot. His future wife, a native of the village of Glubokoye, Valentina Zakharovna worked as an instructor at Soyuzpechat.

During his career, Genrikh Vasilyevich drove steam locomotives, diesel locomotives and electric locomotives. He has 8 medals, in 1976 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, a war and labor veteran.

Evgeny Alexandrovich Koshelev

Drafted in 1944, served in a fighter squad. He began his service in the 7th rifle training regiment. He visited Iran in the city of Kozvin, in the 90th separate brigade, where he ended the war. Demobilized in 1951.

Vasily Ivanovich Krepeshkov

Was drafted in 1943. A corporal, he served in the 42nd rifle regiment, then served as a cavalryman in the 30th, 89th, 7th border detachments on the border in Kazakhstan and Estonia. After demobilization, he worked as an assistant steam locomotive driver, a labor veteran.

Petr Nikolaevich Kucherov

Drafted in November 1944. He served in the artillery until May 1945. “During this time,” Pyotr Nikolayevich recalled, “not a single pound of dashing had to be sipped. Half of the country was destroyed, everywhere cold, hunger, and the army endured the same ... After all, the requirements were harsh and strict - systematic exercises, close to the combat situation. At any time of the day, a command comes in - "Combat alert!" I served in the artillery regiment of the RTK (reserve of the main command), which is armed with howitzer 122 mm and 152 mm and anti-tank 100 mm guns. Instantly it was required to build shelters for guns and manpower, and everything was built using the method of shovels and crowbars. These maneuvers were carried out 3-4 times a year at any time of the year, regardless of the weather: rain, snow, heat or cold. So the calluses for the service did not go away, and there were bloody ones ... After demobilization from the army, in a dream for another two years, he continued to carry out the commands of the commanders and demand from his subordinates. But thanks to the willpower acquired in the army and tough demands on myself, I still continue to live and benefit not only myself, but also those around me. "

Dmitry Methodievich Nikishin

Drafted in September 1944. He began his service in the 7th training rifle regiment in Mozdok. After the end of the war he was transferred to the Black Sea Fleet in the city of Sevastopol. Served for over 7 years. Demobilized in April 1951.

Alexander Matveevich Okuntsov

Drafted in May 1944. He served in the 149th separate rifle battalion. Demobilized in 1949.

Veniamin Pavlovich Ostashko

Drafted in November 1944 at the age of 17. He served in military unit 58105, for which he received two awards - medals "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." and For Victory Over Japan. Demobilized in 1953. Served for 9 years in various spare shelves.

Vladimir Sergeevich Polyakov

In March 1943, on a summons from the military registration and enlistment office, he was drafted into the army. He served in a fighter squad. They guarded trophy warehouses with weapons, Nazi henchmen - policemen and elders. Demobilized in April 1951.

Victor Ilyich Radaev

Drafted in September 1944. He graduated from the Kirovobad Aviation School, the Irkutsk Aviation School, served in the East Siberian Military District as an aviation mechanic, then as a senior aviation mechanic. He was demobilized due to illness in 1948.

Alexey Stepanovich Sokolenko

Drafted on November 29, 1944. He served in the 48th Reserve Artillery Regiment as a senior reconnaissance officer. Demobilized in 1951.

Sergey Savelievich Tatarinov

Drafted in May 1943. He served as a border gunner in the 42nd border regiment. Demobilized in October 1952.

Ivan Ivanovich Chernoivanov

He began military service at the age of 16. He served in a fighter battalion at a district police station in one of the districts of the Rostov region. The battalion fighters guarded state institutions, conducted raids in the forests, catching deserters and bandits. The battalion was in the barracks position, it had 3 platoons. In November 1944, Ivan was drafted into the Red Army. He ended up in the artillery division of the 61st training rifle regiment, and after training in the 181st artillery mortar regiment, after the disbandment of which - in 2014, the anti-aircraft artillery regiment in the Far East - Kuznetsovo station on the Suchan River. In 1947 he was transferred to Germany. Demobilized in June 1951. In the photo, Ivan Ivanovich is the first on the right, in a cap.

These are rather scanty information left to us about the soldiers of the last draft - our fellow countrymen. Few people knew about them, they did not write about them in the newspapers. Only in recent years I.A.Filtsov, being the chairman of the Council of Veterans of Railway Workers and the chairman of the Council of Veterans of the last draft of the village of Glubokoye, tried to draw attention to their considerable services to the Motherland and to their needs. It was then in 2002 that his article “They were only seventeen” was published in the regional newspaper “Zemlya”.

The last military call - beardless boys,

The last victim of that country

Thirsty blood, war.

The last line of defense of courage not sniffing gunpowder

The last desperate step towards that victorious spring!

The boys in the photo are standing, just boys and badass,

They laugh at something excitedly and are proud of their form.

And how many of those young messengers of peace will remain there,

At the end of this terrible war, boys, almost children ...

Those who have fallen, do not build houses and plant a garden,

And never learn the sacred secret of love ...

They laugh, not knowing that bullets and rewards await them,

That the last terrible days await them for a righteous battle.

"Thank you" - I want to say for this boyish feat,

Which fans of computer games never dreamed of!

Let them be scared at times, and yet, these are heroes!

We are grateful to them for the fact that we have peace for 70 years!

Then they protected us with ranks of thin shoulders,

Filling the beating of young hearts with the last force!

The last military call ... The boys in the photo froze ...

They are laughing at something ... And there is my father among them ...

Svetlana Lisienkova

References:

1. Zhukov, G.K. Memoirs and reflections [Text] in 2 volumes / G.K. Zhukov // M .: "Publishing house of the Novosti Press Agency", 1987.

2. Filtsov, I. A. The road of life [Text]: booklet / I. A. Filtsov // Glubokiy settlement / MUK "Department of culture, physical culture and sports of the administration of the Kamensky district", 2011. - 71p.

3. Filtsov, I. A. They were only seventeen [Text] / I. A. Filtsov // Earth. - 2002, April 19 (No. 44), April 24 (No. 45) - P. 2, 3.

4. Materials and photographs from the personal archive of a war veteran, chairman of the Council of veterans of the last draft of the village of Gluboky, IA Filtsova.

Electronic resources:

1. The last military appeal [Electronic resource] Wikipedia

(https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_Military_Discription), free. - Date of treatment 05/30/2016.

2. Kanasheva, L. The last military appeal. [Electronic resource] /

(http://www.proza.ru/2011/02/18/1281) Date of treatment 05/30/2016.

3. Lisienkova, Svetlana. The last military call. [Electronic resource] / (http://www.stihi.ru/2015/02/21/9492) Date of treatment 05/30/2016.

4. Rybalko, N. Remember them [Electronic resource] / Newspaper of the Donbass State Machine-Building Academy http://www.dgma.donetsk.ua/~np/2010/2010_08/13.htm Date of treatment 05/30/2016.

5. Tambov soldiers of the last military draft. [Electronic resource] / State archive of social and political history of the Tambov region. (http://gaspito.ru/index.php/publication/35-statyi/491-prizyv) / Retrieved 05/30/2016.

Photos from the archives of the WWII participant Ivan Avdeevich Filtsov, and also provided by the newspaper of the Kamensky district "Earth". The library expresses special gratitude to the newspaper employee Elena Andreeva for the help.

« Stalin in a conversation with the American ambassador , speaking of the heroic resistance of the Red Army, he dropped: “Do you think they are fighting for us, for the communists? No, they are fighting for their mother Russia. "

“It is known that certain categories of Soviet citizens were not subject to conscription into the active army during the Second World War.
But it was a revelation to me that a number of ethnic groups were not called up to the front.
Below are two snippets from the Resolutions of the State Defense Committee relating to 1943-1944.

Resolution No. GOKO-4322ss dated October 13, 1943
Moscow Kremlin.

...
Conscripts of local nationalities are not subject to conscription:

Uzbek,
Tajik,
Turkmen,
Kazakh,
Kyrgyz,
Georgian,
Armenian and Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republics,
Dagestan,
Chechen-Ingush,
Kabardino-Balkarian,
North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics and
Adyghe,
Karachaevskaya and

...

Source: RGASPI, fund 644, inventory 1, d.163, sheets 1-3.
http://www.soldat.ru/doc/gko/text/4322.html

State Defense Committee
Resolution No. GOKO-6784cс of 25 October 1944
Moscow Kremlin.

About conscription of conscripts born in 1927.
The State Defense Committee decides:
...
2. From the call to release:
...
d) conscripts of local nationalities:
Georgian,
Azerbaijan,
Armenian,
Turkmen,
Tajik,
Uzbek,
Kazakh and
Kyrgyz Union Republics,
Dagestan,
Kabardian,
North Ossetian Autonomous Socialist Republics,
Adyghe and
Circassian Autonomous Regions.
...
CHAIRMAN OF THE STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE I. STALIN
Source: RGASPI, fund 644, inventory 1, file 324, pp. 106-116.
http://www.soldat.ru/doc/gko/text/6784.html
* * * * *
State Defense Committee
Resolution No. GOKO-1575ss of April 11, 1942
Moscow Kremlin.
...

a) 100,000 people by reserving those liable for military service, using deferrals for mobilization with the distribution of the number of conscripts in the People's Commissariats, in accordance with Appendix No. 1; ...

c) 150,000 conscripts in 1922 and 1923 birth and persons liable for military service up to 30 years old inclusive of Central Asian nationalities (100,000 people in Uzbekistan and 50,000 people in Kazakhstan); ...

3. To oblige comrades. Shvernik and Moskatov to mobilize, in the order of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 13, 1942, 150,000 women to replace those drafted into the army, in accordance with paragraph 1 "a" and "e" of this resolution ...
4. To oblige the chief of the Glavupraform, Comrade Shchadenko, to use the 500,000 people allocated in accordance with this decree to staff spare parts for the preparation of marching reinforcements and to replenish rifle divisions withdrawn from the front, as well as to form tank and other special units ...
http://www.soldat.ru/doc/gko/text/1575.html

* * * * *

Original taken from servicefree conscripts of local nationalities are not subject to conscription

Moscow Kremlin.
About conscription for military service of conscripts born in 1926.

…
CHAIRMAN OF THE STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE I. STALIN "

GKO decrees in 1943.
http://www.soldat.ru/doc/gko/gko1943.html
Resolution No. GOKO-4322ss dated October 13, 1943. TEXT
http://www.soldat.ru/doc/gko/text/4322.html
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http://www.soldat.ru/doc/gko/scans/4322-01-1.jpg
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________________________________________ _____________________________________

Top secret.

State Defense Committee
Resolution No. GOKO-6784cс dated 25 October 1944
Moscow Kremlin.

About conscription of conscripts born in 1927.

The State Defense Committee decides:

1. To oblige the NCO (Comrade Smorodinov) in November 1944 to call for military service male citizens born in 1927 (including those on the territory liberated from the enemy).

2. From the call to release:

a) workers of enterprises with qualifications of grade 3 and higher, and students of vocational schools and schools of the people's commissariats, indicated in the appendix;

b) students of all higher educational institutions and students of all technical schools;

c) students of 10th grade of secondary school and 9th and 10th grade of special schools of the People's Commissariat for Education;

d) conscripts of local nationalities: Georgian, Azerbaijani, Armenian, Turkmen, Tajik, Uzbek, Kazakh and Kyrgyz Union Republics, Dagestan, Kabardian, North Ossetian Autonomous Socialist Republics, Adyghe and Circassian autonomous regions.

3. To oblige Comrade Smorodinov, Chief of the Chief Executive Office of the Red Army:

a) send 60,000 people to staff the NKVD troops;

b) the rest of the recruits born in 1927 should be concentrated in spare, educational units and special schools and schools, setting a six-month training period for them.

4. To oblige the NKPS (Comrade Kaganovich) and the Head of the Rear Services of the Red Army (Comrade Khrulev) to transport the contingents specified in this decree to the points and terms at the request of Comrade Smorodinov, the Head of the Main Directorate of the Red Army.

Sent by Comrade Beria (NKVD), Malenkov, Smorodinov, Antonov, Khrulev, Kaganovich, Chadayev - everything; People's Commissars, Central Committees and Council of People's Commissars of the republics - respectively, to Comrade Smirtyukov.

The list of enterprises of industrial people's commissariats, whose workers are from among the conscripts born in 1927, are exempted from conscription ...

Correct: Khryapkina

Basis: RGASPI, fund 644, inventory 1, file 324, pp. 106-116.

Top secret.

State Defense Committee
Resolution No. GOKO-4322ss dated October 13, 1943
Moscow Kremlin.

About conscription for military service of conscripts born in 1926.

The State Defense Committee decides:

1. To oblige the NCO (Comrade Smorodinov) to call for military service before November 15, 1943, all male citizens born in 1926 (including those in the territory liberated from the enemy), regardless of the place of work and positions held, with the exception of workers of enterprises NK Ammunition, NK Armament, NK Mortar weapons, NK Aviation industry, NK Tank industry, NK Coal industry, NK Oil industry, NK Ferrous metallurgy, NK Non-ferrous metallurgy, NK Power plants, NK Electrical industry, NK Heavy machine building, NK Machine-tool building Routes of communication, NK of the Marine Fleet, NK of the River Fleet and Glavsevmorput, with qualifications of 3 categories and higher.

The conscripts of local nationalities are not subject to conscription: Uzbek, Tajik, Turkmen, Kazakh, Kirghiz, Georgian, Armenian and Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republics, Dagestan, Chechen-Ingush, Kabardino-Balkar, North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics and the Adygei Igeysk, Adygei Autonomous Oblast areas.

2. To oblige the Comrades of the Far Eastern Front (Comrade Purkaev) to allocate 100,000 people within two months (November, December 1943). trained privates and non-commissioned officers, fit for combat service, and transfer to the replenishment of units of the active army at the direction of the chief of the Chief Executive Office of the Red Army.

3. To oblige the Commanders of the Trans-Baikal Front (Comrade Kovalev) to allocate 35,000 people within two months (November, December 1943). trained privates and non-commissioned officers, fit for combat service, and transfer to the replenishment of units of the active army at the direction of the chief of the Chief Executive Office of the Red Army.

4. To oblige the Commanders of the Transcaucasian Front within two months (November, December 1943) to allocate 30,000 people. trained privates and non-commissioned officers, fit for combat service, and transfer to the replenishment of units of the active army at the direction of the chief of the Chief Executive Office of the Red Army.

5. To oblige the Commander of the Red Army Artillery (Comrade Voronov) within two months (December 1943 and January 1944) to allocate 30,000 people from the units of the Western and Eastern Fronts of the Air Defense and the Moscow Special Air Defense Army. trained privates and non-commissioned officers, fit for combat service, and transfer to the replenishment of units of the active army at the direction of the chief of the Chief Executive Office of the Red Army.

6. To oblige Comrade Smorodinov, head of the Glavupraform:

a) instead of the released private and non-commissioned officers (paragraphs 2, 3, 4 and 5), transfer until December 15, 1943: to the troops of the Far Eastern Front - 100,000 people, to the troops of the Trans-Baikal Front - 35,000 people, to the troops of the Transcaucasian Front - 30,000 people, in the air defense forces - 30,000 people, and in total - 195,000 conscripts born in 1926;

b) concentrate the rest of the recruits born in 1926 in spare, training units and special schools, setting a six-month training period for them, forbidding anyone to use them ahead of schedule to recruit units of the active army.

7. To oblige the NKPS (comrade Kaganovich) and the head of the Rear Services of the Red Army (comrade Khrulev) to transport the contingents specified in this decree to the points and times at the request of the head of the Main Directorate of the Red Army, comrade Smorodinova.

CHAIRMAN OF THE STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE I. STALIN

Sent by Comrade Molotov, Smorodinov, Zhukov, Kaganovich, Khrulev - everything. Chadayev - 1. By the Far East. front - 2, 6a - resp. Troops Zabaikalsk. front - 3, 6а - resp. Troops of the Transcaucasian. front - 4, 6a - resp. Voronov - 5, 6a - resp.

Basis: RGASPI, fund 644, inventory 1, d.163, ll.1-3. http://www.soldat.ru/doc/gko/text/4322.html

________________________________________ ________________________________________ __

Top secret.

State Defense Committee
Resolution No. GOKO-1575ss dated April 11, 1942
Moscow Kremlin.

NGO issues

1. To select and transmit the Glavupraform in the period from April 15 to May 15 this year. d. 500,000 people fit for combat service in the army, including:

a) 100,000 people by reserving those liable for military service, using deferrals for mobilization with the distribution of the number of conscripts in the People's Commissars, in accordance with Appendix No. 1;

b) 100,000 people 1922, 1923 births not drafted into the army;

c) 150,000 conscripts in 1922 and 1923 birth and persons liable for military service up to 30 years old inclusive from among the Central Asian nationalities (in Uzbekistan 100,000 people and Kazakhstan 50,000 people);

d) 65,000 people due to a thorough revision of those with limited fitness and who were previously exempted from military service for health reasons;

e) 50,000 persons liable for military service who are in the police and paramilitary guards;

i) 35,000 people through careful selection of children of immigrants and immigrants of military age.

2. Considering the most important task of the party and Soviet organizations of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan to successfully carry out the draft of 150,000 Uzbeks and Kazakhs outlined by this resolution, to oblige the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and the Council of People's Commissars of Uzbekistan, the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and the Council of People's Commissars of Kazakhstan to ensure the correct political and organizational leadership of conscription.

3. To oblige comrades. Shvernik and Moskatov to mobilize in the order of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 13, 1942, 150,000 women to replace those drafted into the army, in accordance with paragraph 1 "a" and "e" of this resolution.

4. To oblige the chief of the Glavupraform, Comrade Shchadenko, to use the 500,000 people allocated in accordance with this decree for staffing spare parts for the preparation of marching reinforcements and for completing the infantry divisions withdrawn from the front, as well as for the formation of tank and other special units.

5. To oblige the NKPS (Comrade Khrulev) to transport the indicated contingents to the points and terms at the request of the Chief of the Glavupraform Comrade Shchadenko.

CHAIRMAN OF THE STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE I. STALIN

Extracts sent to: com. Shchadenko, Malenkov, Beria, Shvernik, Shaposhnikov - everything; Chadayev, Moskatov, the Central Committee and SNK of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, Khrulev and the people's commissars - respectively.

ANNEX to the resolution of GKOK No. 1575ss of 11.IV.42

People's Commissariat for Construction - 6.000 people
People's Commissariat for Aviation Industry - 4.000 - "-
Narkomsredmash - 4.000 - "-
People's Commissariat for Armaments - 3.000 - "-
Narkomtankoprom - 4.000 - "-
Narkomneft - 5.000 - "-
People's Commissariat of State Farms - 4.000 - "-
Narkomsudprom - 3.000 - "-
Narcomo-ammunition - 3.000 - "-
Narcomles - 3.000 - "-
Narkomtekstil - 3.500 - "-
People's Commissariat for Food Industry - 3.500 - "-
People's Commissariat for Land - 14.500 - "-
NKPS - 13.500 - "-
NKVD - 10.000 - "-
Narkomelektroprom - 3.000 - "-
Narkomrechflot - 2.500 - "-
People's Commissariat for Communications - 2.000 - "-
Narkomlegprom - 1.500 - "-
Narkomzag - 1.500 - "-
Narkommyasomolprom - 1.500 - "-
People's Commissariat for Construction Materials - 1.000 - "-
Narkomhoz - 1.000 - "-
People's Commissariat for Industry - 1.000 - "-
Promcooperation - 1.000 - "-
Total: - 100,000 people

See the Great Patriotic War. Jubilee statistical collection. M., 2015.190 p.
http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2015/vov_svod_1.pdf

________________________________________ ______________________

"the co-chairman of the movement" Immortal Regiment of Russia "presented the report" Documentary basis of the People's project "Establishing the fate of the missing defenders of the Fatherland", in the framework of which studies were carried out on the decline in the population of the USSR in 1941-45. He changed the idea of the scale of losses of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War war.

According to the declassified data of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the losses of the Soviet Union in the Second World War are 41 million 979 thousand, not 27 million, as previously thought. This is almost one third of the modern population of the Russian Federation. Our fathers, grandfathers, great-grandfathers are hiding behind this terrible figure. Those who gave their lives for our future. And, perhaps, the biggest betrayal is to forget their names, their feat, their heroism, which took shape in our common great Victory.

— The general decline in the population of the USSR in 1941-45 - more than 52 million 812 thousand people. Of these, irrecoverable losses as a result of the factors of war - more than 19 million servicemen and about 23 million civilians. The total natural mortality rate of servicemen and civilians during this period could have amounted to more than 10 million 833 thousand people (including 5 million 760 thousand - dead children under the age of four). Irrecoverable losses of the population of the USSR as a result of the action of the factors of war amounted to almost 42 million people ... The information given is confirmed by a huge number of original documents, authoritative publications and testimonies. "
https://polkrf.ru/news/1275/parlamentskie_slushaniya_patrioticheskoe_vospitanie_bessmertnyiy_polk

* * * * *
Direct link to Resolutions of the State Defense Committee for 1943
http://www.soldat.ru/doc/gko/gko1943.html

State Defense Committee
Resolution No. GOKO-4322ss dated October 13, 1943
Moscow Kremlin. - download scans of the order
http://www.soldat.ru/doc/gko/scans/4322-01-1.jpg
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The original of this post is at

And it will be so, it will inevitably be.

An old man will appear on the stage in orders

The last front-line soldier on the planet

And before him in a fit people will stand up:

Not someone in front of them - a front-line soldier!

An experienced old man will lead a story

How this earth was ripped out of metal,

How he saved this sun for us ...

The boys will be very surprised

The girls will sigh in sorrow-

How is it possible - to die at seventeen,

How can you lose a mother in childhood ...

And he will leave in the dew of scarlet sunrises,

In bouquets of roses and field poppies ...

Memorize them before it's too late

While they live among the living.

Nikolay Rybalko. Memorize them

The last military conscription - conscription, the last one during the Great Patriotic War, conscripts born in 1926 and 1927.

Last Call Soldiers

We want to tell you about the soldiers of the last draft - our fellow countrymen, residents of the village of Glubokoye.

Ivan Avdeevich Filtsov(23.08.1927 - 03.11.2016)

Vasily Ivanovich Volchensky

Nikolay G. Gaidarev

Nikolay Vlasovich Grigoriev

Drafted in November 1944. He served as a mechanic - driver of a T - 31 tank. Was demobilized in May 1951.

Genrikh Vasilievich Korablin

Evgeny Alexandrovich Koshelev

Vasily Ivanovich Krepeshkov

Petr Nikolaevich Kucherov

Dmitry Methodievich Nikishin

Alexander Matveevich Okuntsov

Drafted in May 1944. He served in the 149th separate rifle battalion. Demobilized in 1949.

Veniamin Pavlovich Ostashko

Vladimir Sergeevich Polyakov

Victor Ilyich Radaev

Alexey Stepanovich Sokolenko

Drafted on November 29, 1944. He served in the 48th Reserve Artillery Regiment as a senior reconnaissance officer. Demobilized in 1951.

Sergey Savelievich Tatarinov

Drafted in May 1943. He served as a border gunner in the 42nd border regiment. Demobilized in October 1952.

Ivan Ivanovich Chernoivanov

The last military call - beardless boys,

The last victim of that country

Thirsty blood, war.

The last line of defense of courage not sniffing gunpowder

The last desperate step towards that victorious spring!

The boys in the photo are standing, just boys and badass,

They laugh at something excitedly and are proud of their form.

And how many of those young messengers of peace will remain there,

At the end of this terrible war, boys, almost children ...

Those who have fallen, do not build houses and plant a garden,

And never learn the sacred secret of love ...

They laugh, not knowing that bullets and rewards await them,

That the last terrible days await them for a righteous battle.

"Thank you" - I want to say for this boyish feat,

Which fans of computer games never dreamed of!

Let them be scared at times, and yet, these are heroes!

We are grateful to them for the fact that we have peace for 70 years!

Then they protected us with ranks of thin shoulders,

Filling the beating of young hearts with the last force!

The last military call ... The boys in the photo froze ...

They are laughing at something ... And there is my father among them ...

Svetlana Lisienkova

References:

1. Zhukov, G.K. Memoirs and reflections [Text] in 2 volumes / G.K. Zhukov // M .: "Publishing house of the Novosti Press Agency", 1987.

3. Filtsov, I. A. They were only seventeen [Text] / I. A. Filtsov // Earth. - 2002, April 19 (No. 44), April 24 (No. 45) - P. 2, 3.

4. Materials and photographs from the personal archive of a war veteran, chairman of the Council of veterans of the last draft of the village of Gluboky, IA Filtsova.

Electronic resources:

1. The last military appeal [Electronic resource] Wikipedia

(https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_Military_Discription), free. - Date of treatment 05/30/2016.

2. Kanasheva, L. The last military appeal. [Electronic resource] /

(http://www.proza.ru/2011/02/18/1281) Date of treatment 05/30/2016.

3. Lisienkova, Svetlana. The last military call. [Electronic resource] / (http://www.stihi.ru/2015/02/21/9492) Date of treatment 05/30/2016.

4. Rybalko, N. Remember them [Electronic resource] / Newspaper of the Donbass State Machine-Building Academy http://www.dgma.donetsk.ua/~np/2010/2010_08/13.htm Date of treatment 05/30/2016.