Anchors for concrete are designed for fastening various structures, parts, equipment to a load-bearing base. The metal product is a rod with extensions, bushings, sleeves or other devices for reliable adhesion to the material. Anchors are made of galvanized or stainless steel of durable grades, brass, aluminum, and coated with anti-corrosion compounds.
Working principle and application
Concrete is a porous material with a heterogeneous structure. At the attachment point, forces are created - pullout, compression, shear, shear, bending, twisting, which the anchor perceives together with the supporting structure.
Three operating principles are used:
- When the surface of the bolt interacts with the base material, frictional forces arise. The expansion is created by metal collets and dowels.
- At the anchorage depth, the material resists crushing or fracture. This is facilitated by collet bushings on the fasteners, extensions, and the curved shape of the rod.
Effective loads are compensated by tangential stresses at the point of contact between the monolith and the metal rod during gluing or embedding. Adhesive anchors and smooth embedded parts work on this principle. 
If the fasteners are selected incorrectly, damage to the structural material, the body of the anchor, or its tearing, bending, melting, burnout, and corrosion may occur. The consequences of this can be catastrophic - collapse of roofs, facades, walls or fences.
Improper design, fastening and operation of anchors in bridges, dams or overpasses leads to emergency situations. But even an unexpected fall of a book shelf, curtain rod or TV is not the most pleasant event, fraught with injuries and material losses.
To prevent this from happening, anchors are designed to withstand loads. To design fasteners, use the Manual for SNiP 2.09.03, which contains a classification, calculation algorithm, recommendations for the formation and marking of wells, and installation of bolts.
Anchors perform a load-bearing or structural function. In the first case, this is a loaded mount, where the following is connected to the base:
- beams;
- floor slabs, balcony consoles;
- trusses, columns;
- elevators, flights of stairs and landings;
- wall or finishing panels;
- communications, engineering equipment;
- window or door frames;
- awnings, canopies;
- extensions;
- ceiling lamps, hoods;
- dropped ceilings.
Hardware is used for laying joists on concrete floors or slabs with voids. Installation of anchor bolts is used when attaching hanging furniture and electrical equipment to the wall.
Structural fasteners are used to prevent displacement of parts of the assembly, the stability of which is ensured by their own weight, as well as their straightening during construction.
No building is erected without anchors. They are installed before pouring concrete or after - in a prepared hole or finished well.
Types and methods of fastening
Anchoring is carried out in various types steel products, where one or several acting forces are used simultaneously - friction, thrust and intermolecular bonding during gluing.
Anchors are classified according to the following characteristics:
- purpose - foundation, ceiling, frame, universal;
- shape - straight or curved;
- design - solid or prefabricated;
- surface - smooth or threaded;
- contact area - for dense or porous material;
- installation method: hammering, screwing, gluing, through fastening.
Spacers
To solve critical problems, expansion anchors for concrete with nuts are used, where the friction force operates. They are a threaded stud with a conical tip and a sleeve. When screwed in, it wedges and firmly holds the bolt in the body of the concrete.
Advantages of these wedge fasteners:
- ease of installation of anchors in concrete;
- possibility of through installation;
- high load bearing capacity.
Wedge hardware is used only for dense concrete. They need to be immersed deep enough and cannot be reused.
If a bracket is installed at the end of the rod instead of a nut, equipment can be suspended from such a mount.
Varieties of wedge anchors are sleeve or sleeve hardware. Available in the form of a bolt with a special wedging nut at the end or a stud with a conical widening. To ensure uniform distribution of internal stress, they are reinforced with double thrust.
These hardware are used in high and medium density concrete. A sufficient contact area with a small diameter of the rod allows it to withstand significant loads.
Drivers
For dense concrete, short drive-in anchors with metric threads and an internal cone are used. It wedges the base when screwing in a bolt or stud.
The mount is simply made and does not protrude to the surface. This option is used for installation of ceiling air ducts, ducts and other engineering equipment.
IN drilled hole they hammer in the hardware, wedge it with a center punch and screw in a threaded rod of any length.
Driven ones include a ceiling anchor or a dowel-nail, which is attached to the base through a part. This is a convenient connection for Armstrong ceilings, suspensions, slats, and mounting mortgages. Since the bolts are non-removable, they are often used as vandal-proof and fireproof fasteners.
Frame
Designed for securing window or door frames. The sleeve is cut along its entire length, and when tightened, a small wedging nut presses the structure against the opening to the desired position.
In the upper part of the sleeve, stops are located to protect against rotation and displacement around the axis.
Self-tapping screws for concrete
A strong connection is created by threads along the entire length of the hardware. When screwed into concrete, there is a high resistance to shear or pullout of the product. Thanks to this, the load-bearing capacity of the fastening is very high.
Self-tapping screws accept up to 100 kg of load, are easy to install and reliable in operation.
Expanding
These include the Molly bolt, commonly called a “butterfly”. Designed for mounting lamps, shelves, cornices, pictures in hollow concrete structures with low load-bearing capacity.
The collet on a bolt or screw is a drop-down skirt; when the rod is screwed in, it rests against the inside of the base cavity.
Special spikes with outside the collets go deep into the concrete and do not allow the hardware to rotate or move during installation. The “butterfly” can be sold without a screw.
An anchor of this type is a semi-liquid, quick-hardening mass with which studs or bolts are glued into the base.
The compositions provide a strong bond with concrete without point or local stresses. The load is evenly distributed along the length of the connection.
Dimensions and characteristics of anchor bolts
Anchor bolts for concrete are classified according to size into three groups:
- small - with a diameter of up to 8 and a length of up to 55 mm;
- medium - up to 12x120 mm;
- large - maximum size 24x220 mm.
Mark the anchor according to the dimensions, indicate the thread diameter, drill number, thickness of the attached part, and the depth of the mounting hole.
For example, the designation of fastener M8 10/60-115 stands for:
- thread diameter - 8 mm;
- drill diameter - 10 mm;
- anchor length - 115 mm;
- The thickness of the attached element is 60 mm.
Technical characteristics - minimum pull-out force, permissible bending and maximum torque, weight of hardware - are indicated in the table of fastener parameters.
Based on the test reports, special tables are compiled with information on the recommended design and maximum load per unit, distance from the edge and between the axes. Based on these data, fasteners with optimal characteristics are calculated and selected.
Installation instructions
Concrete anchors are installed before pouring the monolith or on a ready-made foundation. In the first case, a pin, bolt or other embedded part is secured with wire or welded to the reinforcement frame, then the solution is poured.
To protect the thread from contamination, it is covered with film. Subsequent work begins after the concrete has gained strength.
In the second case, the technology includes preparing the well and installing the product.
Drilling
Before installing an expansion, drive or expansion anchor bolt in concrete, prepare the hole:
- Mark the positions of the hardware on the base
- Using a drill or hammer drill, drill a hole 20 mm longer than the rod and with the diameter recommended by the bolt marking.
- Using a vacuum cleaner, clean the hole from drilling residues.
If you need to secure any part to the base, first drill it, and then make a hole in the supporting element through the finished hole.
Installation of anchor with nut
Installing an anchor bolt with a nut is used to secure structures of small thickness, for example, wooden board or a metal corner, to the base.
The bolt is driven into the hole with a hammer, and the nut is tightened with a wrench. It is recommended to use a block of wood or a piece of board to avoid damaging the top threaded part of the hardware.
If the bolt needs to be removed, loosen the nut and remove it from the wall.
To hang household appliances or equipment on a vertical surface, use anchors with a bracket instead of a nut. It is screwed in all the way, making sure that the hook takes the desired position.
Chemical anchor installation
Liquid or injection dowels are installed according to the manufacturer's instructions. They are produced in capsules or cartridges.
Each type of installation has its own characteristics:
- The capsule is placed in the hole, then a bolt or pin is screwed in. Wait until the composition has completely hardened.
- The cartridge is loaded into the gun, the well is filled under pressure, and the hardware is installed.
Conclusion
In order for the fastening to be reliable, before installing the anchor, you need to calculate the load, select the product according technical specifications and perform the installation correctly.
With the development of construction technologies, along with new materials, new fastening devices began to appear on the market. In particular, dowels for concrete of various designs and for various purposes have become widespread. Next, we will take a closer look at what they are and for what purposes they are used.
What is a dowel
General information
The dowel represents fastener, which consists of two parts:
- Spacer sleeve, most often made of polypropylene;
- Metal screw, which when screwed in creates pressure inside the hole.
This system allows you to attach all kinds of thermal insulation, cladding and other elements to various building materials, be it solid or porous concrete, brick, wood, etc.
Installation features
To ensure high-quality fastening, you must correctly make the hole with your own hands into which the fasteners will be inserted. For example, for solid concrete, a hammer drill and a drill with a carbide tip are used.
Advice!
Sometimes, when installing various structures, it becomes necessary to obtain large-diameter holes.
In this case, diamond drilling of holes in concrete is performed.
In addition, it is extremely important that the diameter of the hole matches the diameter of the sleeve. For example, a reduced opening in porous concrete can cause the material to crack.
Types of dowels
Today there are many types of dowels for concrete, the list of which would take a very long time.
Therefore, we will highlight the most common ones:
- Conventional spacers;
- Butterfly;
- Universal;
- Dowels-nails;
- Facade (umbrellas);
- Chemical;
Now let's take a closer look at their features and purpose.
Spacer
The expansion dowel for concrete walls allows for the installation of various rigid structures. This type of fastener may differ in the type of screw heads. Most often they are made “sunk” and for a Phillips screwdriver.
However, screws of large diameters are sometimes found with a hex head. As a rule, they have a slate-shaped thread, due to which the dowel is driven into the concrete with a hammer during installation.
In case of dismantling, before pulling the dowel out of the concrete wall, you just need to unscrew the screw. After this, the sleeve can be easily removed from the hole.
It must be said that the sleeves themselves may differ. They come in two or three spacers. They often have spikes and locking tabs that help securely lock the fastener into the hole.
The sizes of dowels for concrete can be very different. Therefore, you should choose depending on the type of structure that will be installed.
In the photo - “Butterfly” fastener
Butterfly
Used for hollow or thin-walled structures. The sleeve of such fastening is inserted into the through hole. After screwing in the screw, its reverse side folds, resulting in fixation.
Advice!
To ensure high-quality fastening, you should purchase products from well-known manufacturers.
Therefore, price should not play a decisive role when choosing dowels.
Universal
This fastener in solid walls is identical to the spacer fastener. In hollow walls, when a screw is screwed in, the sleeve is wrapped into a knot, resulting in fixation using the “Butterfly” principle. Thus, the same fastener can be used for different surfaces.
Nail
This fastener is a metal dowel for concrete, designed for permanent fastening of various thin-sheet materials and profiles to concrete. It can be used for through fastening of a profile.
The “nail” is designed in such a way that it is fastened to the wall by hammering it in. As a rule, for installation, a gun is used to drive dowels into concrete, however, this procedure can also be performed with a hammer.
Facade
Facade fasteners can be classified as a separate group.
It is intended for installation of thermal insulation:
- Expanded polystyrene;
- Fiber boards;
- Mineral mats.
Chemical
Another unusual type of fastener is a chemical dowel for foam concrete.
It consists of two elements:
- Capsules with chemical composition;
- Metal screw.
The installation instructions for such a dowel are as follows:
- First of all, a hole of the required length is drilled in the foam concrete.
- Then a capsule with a chemical composition is inserted into the hole.
- Next, the screw is screwed in. In this case, the capsule breaks and chemical composition penetrates into the pores of foam concrete.
- After this, you need to wait until the substance hardens. Depending on the type of composition, this may take from several hours to a day.
KVT
When screwing the sleeve into aerated concrete, it does not destroy its structure, but cuts a thread in it. Depending on the type of material, the KVT dowel for lightweight concrete can withstand 400-600 kg.
G.B.
The GB fastener is a dowel for polystyrene concrete blocks. Essentially, it is a spacer sleeve with spiral blades.
Thanks to this design, the dowel for polystyrene concrete GB is able to withstand heavy loads, so it is used when installing wall cabinets, heating radiators, shelves for household appliances, etc.
Advice!
Before installing various structures, in some cases there may be a need to machining walls.
In such situations use diamond tool In particular, reinforced concrete is often cut with diamond wheels.
Conclusion
On construction market exists big choice concrete dowels designed for a variety of purposes. Therefore, to ensure reliable fastening, it is necessary to select the correct fasteners in each individual case, as well as perform installation in accordance with the technology offered by the manufacturer.
You can get more information on this topic from the video in this article.
And if you want to know what, for example, a dowel for polystyrene concrete looks like, read other materials on our website.
Materials characterized by a dense structure and high hardness, which include concrete, brick, natural and fake diamond, are actively used not only in the construction industry, but also when performing repair work. That is why the question of which dowels to choose for concrete and other solid materials in order to securely fasten various objects to building structures is very relevant.
The fastening element, which will be constantly under load during operation, must be correctly selected not only in its dimensions, but also in other parameters. Only in this case will it be able to ensure high reliability and durability of the formed connection.
What is a classic dowel?
The classic dowel for concrete and other solid materials has been preferred by specialists in the field of construction and repair for a long time. Consumers often call it a “dowel-nail.” Concrete fasteners can be made of metal, nylon and various types plastic. Naturally, products from different materials differ in their characteristics and, accordingly, in their field of application.
The load-bearing capacity of a dowel for concrete is determined by its design features. In the classic design, a dowel-nail is a sleeve, the entire outer surface of which has special notches that prevent such an element from turning in a hole in a wall or in any other building structure. They help prevent the fastener from being pulled out of the wall. special mustache, which, due to their elasticity, are constantly in a decompressed state. When a screw is screwed in, the fastening element expands due to longitudinal slots on its surface, which ensures high reliability of its fixation.
Parameters of dowel-nails with a mushroom-shaped edge used for through installation (click to enlarge)
In addition to dowel fasteners, which operate on a mechanical principle, modern market presented dowels for porous concrete and other similar materials, fixed in holes through the use of a special adhesive composition. By filling the internal cavities of the porous material, the adhesive composition reliably fixes such an anchor element in a previously prepared hole.
The classic dowel-nail intended for concrete is such a universal fastener that it is quite difficult to list all the areas of its application. With its help, they install frames for various purposes, attach furniture and interior items to the surface of walls, fix household appliances at the required installation location, and also solve a whole list of other important tasks.
What is the difference between a dowel for concrete and a dowel for brick?
High reliability of fastening obtained using dowel-type products will be achieved only if they are correctly selected not only taking into account their size, but also the material of the structure in which they will be mounted.
Experts do not recommend using concrete dowels for installation in brick building structures. This recommendation is especially relevant when it comes to hollow bricks. In this case, special fasteners are used for installation, which differ from a conventional dowel-nail both in design and in the features of use.
Masonry fasteners have extended dimensions and a double thrust mechanism. Like a dowel designed for concrete work, such a fastener can be plastic or metal. The reliability of fastening the dowel for bricks is ensured due to the fact that at least one of its spacer elements does not fall into the cavity in brickwork, and in its solid part, it is this that provides the required fixation of the anchor in the wall or any other building structure. The expansion of the dowel spacer sleeve occurs when a threaded rod or screw is screwed into it, the diameter of which must be selected correctly.
A dowel intended for concrete works on a completely different principle and can only be used for installation in solid solid materials. Such a dowel is driven under pressure (which is why it is often called a nail) into a previously prepared hole. If you try to fix concrete fasteners in a brick wall, the internal structure of which has many air cavities, you can simply destroy the mounting hole. Even if such a dowel is metal and has a considerable length, you still will not achieve reliable fixation in brick or any other porous, hollow and not very durable material.
Considering all of the above, you should take a very responsible approach to the selection of fasteners for structures made of various materials, differing both in their hardness and internal structure features. The markings applied by manufacturers on the packaging of such products helps to understand what a particular fastener is intended for.
Rules for installing dowels for brickwork
Considering the fact that installing a dowel fastener intended for brick is somewhat more difficult than fixing a dowel used for concrete work in a wall, you should understand this procedure in more detail. In this situation, it is very useful to take advantage of the experience of specialists, who are often faced with the need to securely fix objects that have even very significant weight on brick building structures.
If in order to fix a dowel for concrete work in a building structure, which is driven in like a simple nail, it is enough to use a minimal set of tools, then to accurately and securely fix the fastener in a brick wall you will need:
- a hammer drill or drill needed to drill a mounting hole;
- drill of the appropriate diameter;
- adhesive intended for laying ceramic tiles;
- a set of rubber spatulas of different sizes.
The procedure for installing a dowel into a brick wall consists of the following steps.
- The first thing to do is to carefully drill a mounting hole for mounting the fastener. This can be done using an electric drill or hammer drill with only drilling mode (no impact) turned on. It is important that the diameter of the drill used to perform this procedure exactly matches the diameter of the dowel itself.
- After drilling, the hole must be thoroughly cleaned of construction dust and pieces of material that have crumbled into its internal cavity. You can check how thoroughly you have cleaned the hole using the dowel itself: it should fit in without difficulty or obstacles.
- When the hole is thoroughly cleaned, you can begin work with dry tile adhesive, which must be diluted with water in the proportion specified by the manufacturer. After the adhesive mass is ready for use, it is necessary to fill the hole drilled for the dowel. You can use a rubber spatula for this, and you can push the adhesive mass into the depth of the hole using the dowel itself or an ordinary pencil. When the hole is completely filled with adhesive, you can insert a dowel into it, which should go into it all the way. After this, you need to let the adhesive composition completely harden, which is quite enough for 24 hours.
- After the tile adhesive has completely hardened, you can screw a threaded element (pin or screw) into the dowel. In this case, be sure to pay attention to the fact that screwing occurs with some force. This means that your dowel is securely fixed into the brickwork. Fasteners obtained using this simple technology are highly reliable and can withstand even significant weight loads.
You can also use this method if you need to install fasteners in a porous material (the use of concrete dowels for such structures is also prohibited). Such materials, in particular, can be gas or foam concrete, porous brick, etc. Taking into account their high popularity in the modern construction market, the choice of fasteners that could provide reliable fastening objects fixed on such structures is a rather serious problem.
A dowel is a high-quality element for fastening concrete. Can be applied not only to concrete - it is also designed for stone and brick. Dowels together with anchors are considered the most the best option for wall mounting of household items. The anchor product differs from the dowel product: it is a combined element for fastening, while the dowel is fixed only at the base. Along with self-fastening, the anchor element also has the ability to reliably hold the structure, therefore it is suitable for more massive objects.
Dowel elements are capable of supporting less heavy structures than anchor elements, but they are excellent for fastening shelves, cabinets, and small wall-mounted equipment.
Classic dowels for concrete surfaces
Naturally, dowel fastening of various objects on concrete must be of high quality. Classic option is considered to be a plastic bushing with notches along its length and so-called “whiskers” used to prevent the fastener from turning through the hole. The main element of such fastening is a special rod, which contributes to the strength of the fastening in the wall, because when it is used, the bushing in the mounting hole expands. The classic mount is also quite easy to remove. The notches on the rod make it easier to unscrew with a screwdriver.
Application area
Wall shelves are attached to the wall using dowels. The use of this type of fastener is advisable in various fields. It is an important part that is difficult to find a replacement for. When renovating an apartment, many household appliances and interior items - hoods, wall cabinets, kitchen furniture - must be hung and mounted on the wall. They are held in place thanks to the use of dowels - reliable mounting elements.
Distinctive features
Dowels for concrete have many differences from brick ones. It is necessary to familiarize yourself with them, because a responsible attitude to work and analysis of information about dowels will affect the outcome of the installation. It is advisable not to use dowels for hard materials on brick surfaces. For such masonry, there are fasteners with certain features and differences from concrete. The dimensions of the sleeve in this case are elongated; it consists of a double spacer - to increase the reliability of fastening, because at least one spacer is guaranteed to hit a hard surface and be fixed on it.
Concrete structures require a nail as a rod; brick structures use a pin, self-tapping screw or other components of dowel fasteners. The length of the rod is of great importance. A fastener that is too long can cause installation difficulties.
A nail used for concrete structures works differently. The principle involves driving a nail into a hole, and this the simplest way working with concrete, which saves a lot of time. If you use this technique with brick structures or structures made of other loose materials, the surface will simply collapse, and this method will not give the desired effect.
Installation features
If you carefully study the technique, you can make high-quality fasteners on concrete at home. Naturally, it is not easy to do this if you do not have the proper experience, but there is a simple and effective method dowel installation, applied to brick structures. Installers of heavy structures successfully use this method.
To prepare, you will need some tools: a hammer drill, a drill for it, dry glue, a dowel. An electric drill may come in handy.
Dowel-nail installation diagram. First you need to carefully drill a round hole (the size of the drill must match the size of the dowel fastener). Afterwards, you need to thoroughly clean the “hole” where pieces of material and construction dust could remain, and get rid of all kinds of obstacles that the dowel entering the hole may encounter. Then you should apply glue using either a nail or a long pencil, and after there is enough glue, insert the dowel. You need to wait about a day for the glue to set around the fastener.
When the glue dries, you need to start the actual installation. The fastener must fit snugly against the walls of the hole so that the bolt used for installation can be tightened with some effort. This guarantees the strength of this type of connection. A similar method of constructing fasteners is successfully used when working with other materials. For example, if metal dowels are glued to aerated concrete, they will hold on to this surface remarkably well.
Types of dowels
There are quite a large number of dowels for concrete, but we should talk about the most famous and effective:
- spacer;
- butterfly;
- universal;
- nail;
- façade;
- chemical;
Spacer
The expansion type dowel works effectively when installing rigid structures. This type differs from others in the shape and size of the screws. Most often they have a slate shape, which facilitates driving the dowels into the concrete surface with a hammer.
Sleeves, that is, tubular or cylindrical fasteners, are also varied. Some have two spacers, some have three. In most cases, they contain spikes, which are the key to reliable fixation.
Butterfly
Typically this type is used to work with thin wall coverings. The sleeve is inserted into the hole, and its back side is folded due to the insertion of the screw into the concrete. This way the dowel is fixed in the wall.
A dowel-nail is a fastening element used for various installation work. The design of the product includes a hollow cylinder with belt loops for expansion and a nail inserted into it. There are types of products designed to work with hard materials - brick, concrete, stone and soft materials (chipboard, drywall).
Dowel nails differ in the material from which the dowel is made, and are divided into two groups:
- plastic;
- metal.
Also, dowels are divided into two types according to the installation method:
- driven with a hammer;
- installed using a construction gun.
Features of plastic dowel nails
A dowel consists of a hollow cylindrical rod that expands when a nail is driven into it, thereby providing a strong fastening. The top edge of the product is also equipped with a cuff, preventing fasteners from sinking into the drilled hole.
The cuff can be hidden or cylindrical. Some products also have “whisker” spacers for additional support in the material.
The dowel-nail may have a thread on the surface and a slot on the head. Thanks to the smoothed threads, such fasteners are easy to install using a screwdriver. The most common materials for the manufacture of such products are polypropylene, polyamide or polyethylene. The nail itself is made of galvanized steel alloys.
Types of dowels for concrete vary depending on the hardness of the material. Concrete can have a porous or dense (heavy) structure. Plastic fasteners are suitable for mounting small objects; for heavier structures, their metal counterparts are used.
Features of a metal dowel-nail
Unlike the usual version, this type of dowel has a metal rod with a smooth surface without threads. The fastener itself is also made of metal and expands into the hole in the wall when a nail is driven in.
It is worth remembering that fastenings using a metal dowel-nail are quite difficult to dismantle, so they require a long service life. The scope of application of such fasteners is similar to similar plastic products. They are used during installation suspended ceilings and all kinds of metal frames. Maximum fastening strength is achieved during operation with solid and hard materials.
There are several types of metal fasteners, which have their own characteristics.
Anchor-type metal dowel
This type of fasteners includes products of various designs and applications. They are used for installation using a pneumatic construction gun. To install the product, you must place the gun at the location of the intended fastener and pull the trigger. The absence of the need to drill holes can significantly reduce installation time and eliminate the appearance of dust and debris that is inevitable when working with a rotary hammer.
The basis of the dowel is a thick rod pointed at the end, to which a lock washer is attached. The nail has a massive head that prevents the product from sinking into the material. Such fasteners not intended for re-installation and is used when it is necessary to create structures of increased strength.
The similarity of the technical purpose allows us to also include the brass dowel in this group. Its fastening is carried out by screwing a screw with a metric thread into a pre-drilled hole. The wide scope of application of the product is determined by its anti-corrosion properties.
Hammerable metal dowel
The functionality of such products is determined depending on their size, which can vary from 25 to 75 mm. The variety of sizes allows this product to remain a universal fastener for both loose and harder materials. Less strength in loose materials is compensated by a more frequent arrangement of fasteners. For hard surfaces made of concrete or brick, metal fasteners are considered optimal. with size 6x40. In terms of strength, this type is significantly ahead of similar plastic products.
Varieties of dowel-nail sizes
For various designs, it is necessary to select dowel-nails of the appropriate size. IN symbol The dowel size is indicated in two numbers (for example, 6x35). The first number indicates the diameter of the fastening, and the second indicates the length in millimeters. The following dowel sizes are currently available: 5x25, 5x30, 5x40, 6x35, 6x40, 6x50, 6x60, 6x70, 6x80, 8x50, 8x60, 8x80, 8x100, 8x120, 8x140, 10x80, 10x100, 10x 120, 10x140, 10x160.
Each type of fastener has maximum load limit. The choice of product length directly depends on the thickness of the material being fixed.
Fasteners of size 6x40 are ideal for mounting the profile. For KPD houses, where the ceilings and walls do not have cavities, it is recommended to use dowel-nails of sizes 6x60 and 6x80. For manual installation, the minimum and maximum drilling depth required for this type of product must be taken into account.
Features of installation of dowel-nails
When installing fasteners into a brick surface you need to do the following:
When working with concrete installation is carried out as follows:
- The hole is marked using a hammer or center punch.
- A drill is used to drill a hole of the required depth. In this case, the marking of the drill must coincide with the marking of the nail section. There should be a gap of 5-6 mm between the end of the dowel and the bottom of the hole.
- A vacuum cleaner removes any debris and dust that appears. The fastener is driven into the hole with a hammer.
- A nail is mounted into the fastener with a gap of 2-3 mm at the head for hanging.
Installing a dowel-nail using a construction gun
For installation using a pneumatic gun, special fasteners are used, which in their structure resemble a wedge nail. Such fasteners are equipped with a special washer, which guarantees durable installation of the product into a hard surface. When shooting, the washer moves from the end of the nail to its head and provides reliable fixation.
This type of fastening is suitable for installation metal structures to surfaces made of stone, brick and dense concrete. Installation using a gun is often used when installing balcony canopies. Nails for a construction gun are made of galvanized steel and have a length of 30-80 mm with a cross-section of 3.7-4.5 mm.
Dowel-nails for concrete are used for installation of various plumbing facilities, electrical equipment and pipelines. They provide reliable fastening with a long service life and, due to their ease of installation and wide range of applications, are very popular among craftsmen.
Dowel nails for concrete
