In-house engineering systems apartment building 1. Repair of central heating: · replacement and repair of risers, pipelines, connections to heating systems; · installation shut-off valves; · installation of heating devices with attached and built-in automatic thermostats; · replacement or repair of thermal curtains; · reconstruction of the panel control system; · adjustment of the heating system; · installation of automatic balancing valves on branches, risers, rings heating systems etc. 2. Arrangement of ventilation (replacement of grilles, cleaning of the ventilation system) 3. Organization of hot and cold water supply: · replacement and repair of pipelines and heated towel rails, if they belong to common house systems; · installation of shut-off valves; · replacement of pipe distribution; · installation of meters, etc.
List of works included in the overhaul of an apartment building
Attention
In accordance with the rules for design and construction - “Design and installation of electrical installations of residential and public buildings”, the calculated specific load per apartment in multi-apartment buildings residential buildings is at least 4.5 kW, for luxury apartments at least 14 kW, for summer houses on plots of gardening associations no less than 4 kW. There is no such standard for other types of individual residential buildings. In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 21, 2009 No. 334, a new procedure for technological connection of consumers to electrical networks individuals power up to 15 kW and legal entities power up to 100 kW.
Repair of the facade of an apartment building: types and list of works
Major renovations have always been the subject of controversy and questions. Therefore, we decided to talk a little this topic. About major repairs Major repairs in themselves represent complex work on significant changes in the design of the facility.
This is a rather complex and costly undertaking, which is carried out exclusively by qualified specialists, since the work performed during the overhaul process ideally ensures not only the aesthetics, but also the safe operation of the building. What is included in a major overhaul? These can be completely different works, the composition and order of which are determined after analyzing the technical report on the condition engineering systems and building structures, design estimates and wishes of the owners.
Major renovation of the facade of an apartment building: what is included
So, if risers with water are leaking, they are changed immediately, rather than applying a large number of clamps. When does the workover begin? Finding out the timing when the approved overhaul program must be completed is not difficult. To do this, you should go to the website www.reformagkh.ru. Follow this procedure:
- Go to the portal.
- Enter your address in the “Find your home” line.
A reflection of the region, street, and house number is required. - Click "Search".
- Follow this link.
- A house card will open where you can see the list of works approved by the program.
- Select the section with types of work if you are interested in current and planned activities.
Select the “Passport” section if you want to find out general information: how much money the owners raised; what subsidies the state provides; object area; number of residents.
Review of facade repair technologies
One of the main areas of major repairs is the repair of walls and facades, which includes the following types of work: · insulation of plinths and facades; · replacement of balcony and window fillings with PVC windows; · glazing of loggias and balconies; · repair of socles, facades; · repair of loggias and balconies with subsequent restoration of tile covering, waterproofing, repair of screens, fences; · repair of fire escapes; · installation of canopies over loggias, balconies of upper floors, entrances to entrances and basements; · repair of blind area; · repair of external walls of elevator shafts; · repair and replacement of external drainage. Another direction is repair of basements and house foundations, which includes: · repair of foundations; · repair of basement entrances; · antiseptic treatment of structural elements of the building; · sealing the intersections of engineering systems with foundations.
Work included in the overhaul of an apartment building
Important
This is the only way it will be done efficiently and for a long time. Current and major repairs: what is the difference? Facade repair is a major or current repair. And what is the general difference between them? These are two completely different types of repairs, each of which has certain characteristics and requires implementation various types works The current one is aimed at restoring the attractive appearance of the building.
Therefore, in its process, mainly cosmetic measures are performed, which include:
- restoration of plaster in places where it is damaged or has begun to crumble;
- puttying and priming the working surface;
- painting the walls.
Major repairs, in turn, are a more complex, difficult and time-consuming undertaking, since restoration of damaged areas of the facade requires the use of complex technologies.
How to do a major renovation of facades?
Information about what is included in the overhaul of an apartment building will be useful to all residents. Let's look at the basic rules that apply in 2018. An acute question that has been facing government agencies and management companies, as well as apartment owners for many years, is how to ensure the maintenance of housing and carry out major repairs.
Citizens have a large financial burden for the maintenance of property that is common to the building, and the housing stock is significantly worn out. Main aspects In order to preserve the housing stock, it is worth carrying out timely repair work on existing facilities. Therefore, it is important to consider the concept of “overhaul” and determine the main nuances that are associated with it.
Definitions The concept of overhaul is discussed in the Civil Code.
What is included in a major overhaul - list of main works
Let's list what is included in the overhaul of the facade of an apartment building: Restore the plaster of the facade, seal panel joints, insulate structures, replace windows and balconies, repair glazed balconies and loggias, install canopies over the top floor loggia, arrange the entrance to the entrance, paint the facade, install flag holders , street signs We will also find out what is included in the overhaul of the roof of an apartment building. Repair and change individual roof elements, carry out fireproofing treatment of wood, restore the temperature regime, humidity in the attic, change the roof element and external drainage. From the engineering system side, Repair and change the heating system, water, gas and other systems, ventilation, sewer system, install meters, change elevators, garbage chutes.
What is included in the overhaul of the façade of an apartment building?
It is expected to repair video surveillance, subscriber device, communication line, low-current device. common use They restore lighting fixtures, seal communication joints with the foundation, eliminate flooding, arrange an entrance to the basement, equip a room for concierges. When landscaping the territory, they adhere to documents that have been approved by the architectural planning department of the districts. They also restore and improve entrance platforms and door fillings. They change and repair the lighting in the entrance, change the doors, strengthen them, change the staircase steps, and repair the entrance landings.
Upon completion, it is important to ensure that building codes were met, as well as the operational requirements Selective, in which individual components of the structure and elements of the engineering structure are changed. Preferred in this case:
- if damage to one structure can affect the safety of the entire building;
- It is not advisable to carry out comprehensive repairs, or there is no funding
Major repairs can be planned and unscheduled (emergency), carried out to restore damage caused by the building structure of the facility during emergency. Legal grounds It is worth following the norms of such documents:
- Government Decree No. 615 of July 1, 2018.
- Housing complex of Russia is Art. 166 (contains a list of works that must be performed by contractors), Art. 158 p.
What work is included in the overhaul of the façade of an apartment building?
Differences from current It is worth knowing the differences between current and major repairs because a number of rights and obligations of the parties depend on it. If, in the rental agreement, repairs are the tenant's obligation, then the landlord must carry out major repairs. The main differences are in the purpose, frequency and scope of repair activities.
Called current preventive maintenance, which is systematic. Carry out in order to prevent premature wear of the finishing structure and communications. Measures that are implemented during routine repairs contain Toolkit on the maintenance of housing stock dated April 2, 2004. Major repairs differ from current ones in the absence of the possibility of carrying them out so as not to interrupt the building from operation. When carrying out repairs on hot water pipelines, there is no need to turn off apartments, which means that such repairs should be classified as routine.
- antiseptic treatment of structural elements of multi-apartment buildings;
- repair of entrances to basement premises;
- sealing places where there is an intersection of engineering systems with a foundation element, etc.
In addition to the listed work, capital repair funds can finance repair work related to restoring the proper condition of attics and roofs, namely:
- replacement, repair of attics and roofs, their fire protection treatment;
- treatment of wooden structures with antiseptics;
- repair or replacement of pallets;
- normalization, restoration of temperature and (or) humidity conditions;
- sealing, repair work for repairing air ducts, flues and other similar systems;
- replacement and repair of parapet gratings;
- work on replacement, repair of internal drainage elements, etc.
Over time, even the highest quality and most reliable buildings begin to require work to restore them - from minor to major ones. In every apartment building, the walls are gradually destroyed by weather conditions and it is necessary to maintain its proper condition.
Specially developed building codes and regulations (SNIP) regulate the procedure for carrying out work and standards for maintaining buildings.
In accordance with this list, cosmetic repairs of the facade of an apartment building should be carried out once every five years, and major repairs - every ten. Inspections, both scheduled and unscheduled, should also be carried out regularly, which are designed to identify maintenance violations and the need to organize repair work.
What does façade repair involve?
These are actions aimed at maintaining the condition of the external part of an apartment building.
Major repairs, in this case, are carried out in accordance with SNIP, if the facade is destroyed by 30% or more. It is necessary to remove the previous coating from the entire area or apply a new layer on top of the old one.
The set of measures to restore the facade of an apartment building includes the following list of actions:
- insulation and decorative finishing of the entire outer area of the walls of the house;
- replacement of double-glazed windows and balconies;
- repair work on external finishing and insulation of loggias and balconies, which includes replacing ceramic tiles, updating the waterproofing layer, changing or restoring fences, railings and screens;
- restoration of canopies over the entrances to the building and balconies of the top floors;
- replacement of fire escapes;
- updating the blind area and strengthening the walls of elevator shafts;
- repair work on drains and other communications.
The entire overhaul of facades can be divided into three large phases.
The first of these is preparation. The old coating is completely removed, dirt and fungal formations are removed from the prepared surface. The cracks that have appeared are removed, the seams are treated and the entire area of the walls is plastered.
The next phase is finishing. It includes applying a fresh layer of coating: ceramic tiles, stone, decorative plaster, paint or other finishing material. Existing architectural details are being restored. At this stage of repair it is possible to install a ventilated facade.
The third phase is the replacement of functional elements. If necessary, canopies, partitions, gutters, decorative stained glass windows, double-glazed windows and other parts of the facade are restored.
Nuances of repair work of different types of facades
Restoring the condition of walls may have certain features. It depends on how and from what materials they were built.
Repair of brick facades is unthinkable without them thorough examination. All cracks and other damage to the masonry are identified. The boundaries of possible violations of the integrity of the walls are determined and an approximate list is compiled necessary materials and the scope of upcoming work.
If the damage is very large, it is important to identify the specific cause and take the necessary actions to eliminate it.
During major repairs brickwork, first cleaning of contaminants is carried out, and then eliminating cracks. The largest ones are laid with fresh bricks, the medium ones are sealed with plaster, and the small ones are removed using putty. The main task of these actions is to prevent moisture from entering the wall, which can lead to its destruction.
Restoration of facades made of wood differs only in that it is necessary to inspect for the presence of insect pests and eradicate them, if necessary. To finish the surface, special compounds should be used that are designed specifically for wooden buildings and prevent damage.
Plaster is often used to cover stone or brick walls. It helps protect them from moisture, wind and low temperatures. But in order for it to fully perform its functions, it is important to carefully monitor its condition and carry out major repairs in a timely manner.
As in any other case, it starts with a preliminary inspection, determining the presence of damage and drawing up a list of work and materials that will be needed for restoration. Then the old layer of plaster is removed, completely or partially, and a new one is applied.
You can often find ventilated facades of houses. They are a multilayer structure: insulation is attached directly to the wall, followed by an air gap and cladding material, mounted using special fasteners.
This finish is particularly strong and durable, but also periodically requires repair. An inspection is carried out, during which specialists compile a list of damages, and then the areas that have become unusable are replaced with new material.
How is the need for major façade repairs determined?
Sometimes, even with the naked eye, it is clear that cosmetic finishing cannot be done, and it is necessary to approach the restoration of the external part of the house more thoroughly.
However, in each specific case, a special commission must be assembled to decide what condition the façade of the house is in and what type of repair work needs to be carried out to return it to its proper condition.
Traditionally, this commission consists of specialists from the regional operator - non-profit organization, which is created by the local municipality as part of a renovation program.
It is advisable to organize an initiative group consisting directly of residents of the apartment building that is being assessed. They will be directly involved in monitoring the work of the commission.
There is a list of defects, the presence of which indicates that a major overhaul of an apartment building is necessary.
It includes:
- damage to more than 30% of the plaster area;
- destruction of seams;
- crumbling of the insulation layer;
- deformation of external pipes and drains, which causes moisture to enter the walls.
If at least one of the listed deficiencies is present, urgent repair work is necessary.
Who pays for major repairs?
The answer is simple - all expenses fall on the shoulders of the residents themselves. A special fund is created into which the owners of housing in an apartment building contribute certain amounts monthly.
The specific amount of these contributions is decided at the general meeting of owners. The local municipality sets the minimum size, but it can be increased by general vote.
Moreover, the decision made by a majority of votes must be followed by all residents of the house without exception. The higher the fee amount, the more funds will be collected in the account. This will significantly increase the list of work carried out and supplement it with those items that are necessary for the owners.
In the event that the collected amount is suddenly not enough for a complete overhaul, the regional operator will take the missing funds from the accounts of other houses, repair work for which is planned much later. Subsequently, this debt will be repaid by transferring from further contributions from the residents of the debtor house.
When can facade repairs be carried out?
In any given region, there is a state program that prescribes the order of major repairs of the facades of apartment buildings. The regional operator notifies the owners in advance, six months before the scheduled date, that their turn is approaching and provides documentation describing the list of planned work.
After carefully studying it at a general meeting, the owners decide whether their home currently needs major repairs and what work it should include. They convey their decision to a representative of the regional operator.
If residents come to the general opinion that their home needs unscheduled repairs, then the issue of financing these activities becomes acute. The only way out is to collect additional amounts from the owners themselves.
Subsequently, apartment owners who incurred these expenses will be temporarily exempt from standard monthly fees.
In addition, it is necessary to draw up design and estimate documentation. To resolve this issue, you need to contact your management company. Next, the management company enters into an agreement with the administration and the regional operator, in accordance with which the work is carried out.
Information about what is included in the overhaul of an apartment building will be useful to all residents. Let's look at the basic rules that apply in 2020.
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An acute question that has been facing government agencies and management companies, as well as apartment owners for many years, is how to ensure the maintenance of housing and carry out major repairs.
Citizens have a large financial burden for the maintenance of property that is common to the building, and the housing stock is significantly worn out.
Key Aspects
Therefore, it is important to consider the concept of “overhaul” and determine the main nuances that are associated with it.
Definitions
The concept of overhaul is discussed in. This means carrying out work in which:
- change building structures and their components;
- change or restore engineering technical communications;
- restore or replace parts of load-bearing building structures.
Eliminate any malfunction of the worn-out part of the common property. It is replaced with a better one or restored.
If technical capabilities are available, the building will be modernized, taking into account modern requirements, and improving the comfort of living.
For what purpose is it carried out?
Repair can be:
Major repairs can be planned and unplanned (emergency), carried out to restore damage caused to the building structure of the facility during an emergency.
Legal grounds
It is worth following the norms of such documents:
- – this (contains a list of work that must be performed), etc.
- , according to which major repairs must be carried out by the owner of the premises.
- GK - for example, .
What is included in the concept of major renovation of an apartment building?
The question is often asked about what exactly is considered a major overhaul. Therefore, we present the following information.
What does the law say?
The law also differentiates the obligations for carrying out major repairs of an apartment building between the owners and regional authorities.
Territorial authorities perform an organizing and controlling function, and the owners must raise funds that will be used to pay for the work.
When the law came into force, each subject of the Russian Federation had to prepare regulatory documents that would consider the issue of carrying out major repairs.
Subjects:
- established a list of work that must be completed without fail, as well as a deadline;
- identified regional operators;
- They adopted documents that set out the procedure for carrying out the work, the amount of the contribution, and appointed a structure that will control the process.
List of included works
If there are savings, it is possible to perform a large list of works involving installation and repair and restoration process.
| Let's list what is included in the overhaul of the facade of an apartment building | They restore the plaster of the facade, seal panel joints, insulate structures, replace windows and balconies, repair balconies and loggias with glazing, install canopies over the top floor loggia, arrange the entrance to the entrance, paint the facade, install flag holders, street signs |
| We will also find out what is included in the overhaul of the roof of an apartment building | They repair and replace individual roof elements, carry out fire-prevention treatment of wood, restore temperature conditions and humidity in the attic, change the roofing element and external drainage |
| From the engineering system side | They repair and change the heating system, water, gas and other systems, ventilation, sewerage systems, install meters, change elevators, and garbage chutes. It is expected to repair video surveillance, subscriber device, communication line, low-current device |
| In common areas | They restore lighting fixtures, seal communication joints with the foundation, eliminate flooding, arrange an entrance to the basement, and equip a concierge room |
| When landscaping the area | Adhere to documents that have been approved by the architectural planning department of the districts |
They also restore and improve entrance platforms and door fillings.
They change and repair the lighting in the entrance, change the doors, strengthen them, change the staircase steps, and repair the entrance landings.
Regional authorities can expand the list:
- wall insulation;
- arrangement of a roof that will be ventilated, installation of an exit to the roof;
- equipping the house with a common house meter or other device that increases energy efficiency.
In subjects, this list may also be supplemented with the following items:
- Inspect the house and make an estimate for repairs.
- Conduct architectural and technical supervision of the work.
- Conduct technical inventory and certification, etc.
Who pays
The legislation establishes an obligation for apartment owners to finance major repairs of common home property.
For this purpose, citizens pay monthly contributions that will be accumulated in a special capital repair fund, which is formed by:
- or on MKD bank accounts;
- or funds are accumulated in collective accounts that are managed by regional operators who organize repairs according to an established program.
Each subject of the Russian Federation decides exactly how much to pay. The amount is set in rubles. The tariff is multiplied by the total area of the premises owned by the citizen.
The amount of the contribution varies taking into account:
- what municipal entity the property belongs to - is the house located in Moscow or another region;
- MKD type;
- number of floors of the house;
- service life of the house;
- prices and scope of work;
- period of use of the common brownie.
If it is planned to carry out work that is not specified in the housing code, then they are paid for with funds that exceed the portion of the contribution for major repairs.
First, a meeting is held where a decision is made on where to store funds for major repairs.
If the owners cannot agree on where exactly to store the funds, the decision will be made by the municipal authority.
Although the amount of the contribution is set by the subjects, at the meeting residents can increase this figure if they wish to finance a number of additional works.
Major repairs can be carried out at the initiative of residents. At the meeting, citizens must decide what work is needed.
The final authority will set deadlines for the work and calculate the cost of repairs.
If representatives of the housing inspection do not agree that major repairs are necessary, or agree to limited types of work, there is another way out.
Contact an independent expert who can help justify the overhaul. But such an examination is not free. The owner of the apartment is not the only source of financing for major repairs.
The regulatory documentation contains a whole scheme, according to which government agencies also participate in financing different levels. The state can provide support (auxiliary).
Video: contributions for capital repairs of apartment buildings
If we are talking about an apartment building, some of the apartments in which are not privatized, then the costs will be borne by the authorities of the municipal or state body.
It happens that a major repair program was not drawn up, but an emergency occurred. An accident is considered to be a break in the water supply, sewerage, or heating system pipes.
In this case, repairs must be carried out in the shortest possible time using funds collected for major repairs.
So, if risers with water are leaking, they are changed immediately, rather than applying a large number of clamps.
When do colorectal cancers begin?
Finding out the timing when the approved overhaul program must be completed is not difficult. To do this, you should go to the website www.reformagkh.ru.
Follow this procedure:
- Go to the portal.
- Enter your address in the “Find your home” line. A reflection of the region, street, and house number is required.
- Click "Search".
- Follow this link.
- A house card will open where you can see the list of works approved by the program.
- Select the section with types of work if you are interested in current and planned activities.
Select the “Passport” section if you want to find out general information:
How much money did the owners raise?
what subsidies the state provides;
object area;
number of residents.
Differences from the current one
It is worth knowing the differences between current and major repairs because a number of rights and obligations of the parties depend on this.
The main differences are in the purpose, frequency and scope of repair activities. Current is called preventive repair, which is systematic.
Carry out in order to prevent premature wear of the finishing structure and communications.
The measures that are implemented during routine repairs are contained in the Methodological Manual on the Maintenance of Housing Stock dated April 2, 2004.
Major repairs differ from current ones in the absence of the possibility of carrying them out so as not to interrupt the building from operation.
A major renovation of a building's façade worries not only the owners of private houses, but also the owners of premises in an apartment building. The appearance of cracks, peeling of the cladding, defects in drainage system, destruction of the visor - all this leads to an emergency condition, which is sometimes impossible to correct. That is why apartment owners often face the question: “When is a major overhaul of the facade necessary, and who should I contact regarding this issue?”
Major renovation of the facade
When can citizens demand it?
The main goal of regional programs for the reconstruction of houses, operating at the state level, is to prevent the transfer of existing housing into the category of emergency and unfit for habitation.
So, each building corresponds to a specific date. The government contractor is obliged to provide the owners of the premises with the following information 6 months before the start of a major renovation of the façade:
- list of planned works;
- relevant documentation;
- start date;
- deadlines.
Next, members of the asset group (owners of the premises) decide at a meeting whether the house needs major repairs and consider the possibility of carrying out such work. They provide their decision in the form of a protocol and statement to the representative of the contractor.
What to do if major repairs are needed sooner
If apartment owners believe that it is advisable to carry out major repairs ahead of schedule, they have the right to demand that it be carried out ahead of schedule.
Early overhaul of the building
When the amount in the fund does not cover all costs, the owners collect additional contributions. If Money enough, then the next step is to contact the management organization. It is she who initiates the creation of the commission and instructs the state contractor to draw up all the necessary documentation.
How is the need for major façade repairs determined?
The main document that serves as the reason for the start of a major renovation of the facade of an apartment building – official conclusion special commissions.
Her participants are:
- government contractor;
- authorized employee of the management organization (authority);
- active members from among the owners appointed at the general meeting.
After checking and analyzing all the damage, the commission decides whether major repairs are needed or whether it is permissible to limit ourselves to only superficial restoration. This decision is not based only on one’s own convictions, but must comply with regulatory documents.
Major repairs of an apartment building are carried out with the permission of the commission
So, major repairs are carried out if:
- the insulation is worn out or the seams between the slabs are broken, which affects the penetration of moisture onto the load-bearing wall;
- 35% of the external walls contain destruction of the external cladding;
- The drainage system is broken.
Based on the results of the inspection of the external walls, the commission brings up for discussion what capital work needs to be carried out depending on the nature and extent of the damage.
What is the difference between a major overhaul and a current one?
Distinguish two kinds repair:
- capital;
- current.
Essentially, both of them are designed to correct defects. However, current repairs are only measures to maintain the external walls of the building in proper condition. technical condition– washing walls, timely restoration of holes and chips, removal of mold and rust, priming and partial painting, plastering a small section of the wall. As for the capital work, this is a wide scope of work that is complex and is not limited to just surface restoration.
Differences between current and major repairs
What work is included in the overhaul of the façade of an apartment building?
Apartment owners often ask the question: “What is included in a major renovation of the facade?”
It's pretty extensive set of activities:
- removal of old plaster;
- cleaning walls from rust, fungus, plaque, dirt, mold;
- elimination of cracks, holes, holes and chips;
- coating the walls with a deep penetration primer with antiseptic properties;
- replacing drainage pipes, eliminating leaks;
- restoration of thermal insulation;
- decorative cladding;
- repair of other elements that need restoration.
Who does the repairs
Any multi-apartment building is assigned to the corresponding managing organization. It is she who enters into an agreement with government contractors, who carry out major repairs of house facades.
Owners of premises can refuse one executor and elect another. In addition, there are requirements for general contractors:
- availability of authority and permission to perform such work;
- it must be a non-profit organization.
If at least one point does not comply, the contractor is not allowed to carry out construction.
Who pays
The owners of the premises contribute a certain amount (contributions) to the house fund every month. The minimum amount of such payments is usually set by authorities.
Payment for the capital restoration of external walls, in fact, comes from these invested funds. On the voluntary initiative of the owners, monthly payments may be increased. Such a proposal is discussed at a general meeting, where everyone’s opinion is taken into account through voting. If the number of “for” votes exceeds 2/3 of the total number of voters, then the decision is considered agreed upon. It is important that everyone is obliged to fulfill it - both those who were absent at the meeting and those who were against it.
Facade repair according to SNiP rules
The conditions of SNiP imply mandatory preliminary measures:
- ensuring complete impermeability of liquids (tightness) of the walls, eliminating leaks, waterproofing the facade;
- thermal insulation of walls;
- replacement of window and door units.
SNiP also states that plastering and finishing of the building is carried out only before the installation of drainpipes begins. Another feature of the rules is the preparation of a work project (WPP).
This document must strictly comply with the requirements for major repairs of defective areas of building facades.
Facade repair technology
Mandatory procedure before starting construction work is the preparation of projects and estimates that meet the specifics of SNiP.
When compiling, take into account:
- elimination of defects in drainage systems;
- permissibility of introducing innovations and improved special technologies;
- use only environmentally friendly building materials marked “NG”.
So, the procedure includes the following stages:
- surface analysis and detection of façade defects;
- cleaning walls from dust, debris, old plaster;
- plastering;
- primer;
- insulation;
- decorative cladding of the facade.
Types and methods of repairing building facades
The most common way to restore houses is to create a ventilated facade. In some cases, additional thermal insulation of walls is carried out using various insulation materials. When plastering walls, various silicone-based paints and varnishes can be used. The main condition is the absolute safety of materials.
Given the complexity of the design, the following types of finishes can be used:
Siding is given Special attention, because with its help you can not only hide uneven walls, but also give the house an attractive appearance.
Repairing a façade in an apartment building can be roughly equated to restoring the face of the building, its front front, by which the condition of the building will be judged and how skillfully Management Company fulfills its responsibilities for the maintenance and operation of the housing stock.
How to repair a facade
Restoring the original appearance of the front wall of an apartment building can be carried out according to two schemes:
- As part of the financing of major repairs of an apartment building;
- Cosmetic restoration of the surface texture and color design of the facade using modern paints and varnishes.
In the latter case, it is quite difficult to call the procedure of licking and tinting the facade wall a repair, but there is a certain sense in cosmetic renovation of the facade. Instead of waiting for years for your turn to carry out major repairs of a particular building, it makes sense to try to preserve the remnants of the former beauty and grandeur of an apartment building by filling small cracks and painting the surface.
What can be done on the facade during cosmetic repairs
In fact, this is not even a repair, but the application of protective coatings that prevent very unpleasant processes of destruction of the facade walls. And although professional builders are not particularly fond of cosmetic and maintenance repairs to the walls of a building, such restoration allows solving three very difficult problems:
- Prevent shedding of masonry mortar;
- Local cracking and destruction of the concrete surface with exposure of reinforcement;
- Loss of individual fragments in rows of brickwork.
Cosmetic or routine repairs are not intended for deep restoration or complete restoration of wall structural elements. Most often, the procedure for restoring a facade comes down to rubbing cracks and small areas with spilled material with a cement-mastic mortar. But even applying a protective coating and painting the facade can significantly stop the penetration of moisture and frost destruction of the structural elements of the facade of an apartment building.
Redecorating the façade of apartment buildings located within the city in close proximity to industrial or energy facilities remains especially relevant. Increased acidity precipitation intensifies the process of destruction of the facade, so residents of the house, as a rule, without waiting for major repairs, do not miss the opportunity to make cosmetic renovations to the walls.
Repair the facade, so thoroughly
The main technological measure with which it is possible to restore and restore the face of a building remains a major overhaul of the façade of an apartment building. This is not a universal recipe for making a new high-rise from an old 30-year-old house, but a major restoration can very well extend its service life by ten years.
Major repairs should be distinguished from reconstruction; significant changes in the appearance of the facade do not occur as a result of the work, and this is prohibited. Reconstruction of the facade or construction of additional floors, hanging attics, and balcony complexes in several rows are not included in the tasks of a major overhaul.
Preparation for repair procedures
The start of work and the scope of preparation must be formulated in the design and production documentation and technological map. The standard procedure is the installation of working devices, scaffolding, and hanging cradles.
At the next stage, the façade of the apartment building is covered with a mesh and, if necessary, with a protective film to prevent water from entering the premises.
What is included in a major façade renovation?
The indicative list of technological procedures to which the façade of an apartment building may be subjected is limited to the following list:
Works are performed in the order they are given in the list, as determined regulations and common sense. You cannot move on to a new stage of painting until all “dirty” procedures have been completed that could ruin the appearance of the facade if the installation technology is accidentally violated.
Repair of the facade does not seem to be such an important stage of the entire capital work project, but sometimes it is problems with the front wall of an apartment building that become the reason for initiating major repairs at this particular facility.
There can be quite a few such reasons, here are some of them:
- Breakage and massive peeling of the protective layer of plaster from the facade. According to the standards, the loss of 35% of the plaster or any other protective decor is the basis for making a decision on urgent major repairs;
- Shedding of concrete in the edge areas, unpacking the joints between the concrete panels of the box of an apartment building;
- Destruction of the upper rows of brickwork, the formation of voids and holes through which rain and melt water penetrates into the building.
Any massive changes in the cladding of the façade wall indicate the presence of processes of shrinkage or deformation of the building frame, so it is better not to delay major repairs.
Features of repair work on the facade of a high-rise building
Carrying out work to strengthen the facade has its own specifics and features. For example, for a brick apartment building, it may be necessary to completely remove the plaster down to the masonry stone. Most often, this decision is made in the case of large cracks and detachment of the plaster layer from the brick or concrete base.
Small cracks are filled with polymer putties; in places where large bricks have collapsed, a part of the masonry is cut out and laid with new stone. Before laying a new layer, the walls must be primed, and in places where water flows in - additional hydrophobization using compositions GKZh-10, 11.
Protruding parts of the load-bearing reinforcement of balconies, canopies, canopies are cleaned of rust, primed and painted. If the metal is rusted by more than 10%, the beam is cut out, extended and welded with electric welding.
Particular attention is paid to caulking joints between panels of apartment buildings. During the overhaul process, the joints on the facade are completely freed from sealant, filled with resin fiber or tow, sealant and cement sealing. The sealing strand should be laid with a deformation within 30-40%.
To protect walls, siding panels, wet plaster or conventional painting with weather-resistant compounds are most often used. At the same time, the State Construction Rules prohibit the use of paints that do not allow water vapor to pass through instead of “breathable” compositions. The surface of the facades should be painted according to the color index specified in the passport for the apartment building. Arbitrary change color solutions buildings are not allowed.
Conclusion
Repairing the facade of an apartment building requires a balanced approach. Considering the fact that most problems and defects are hidden under the finishing of the walls, when planning cosmetic repairs, you need to be prepared for the fact that they may be discovered in the process serious problems, and it will be necessary to organize a deeper level of work, up to and including major repairs. That's why preparatory stages in an apartment building is always carried out with the participation of specialists and experts.