When to plant cabbage in open ground. Cabbage: growing from seed seedlings. Prevention and treatment of diseases

First of all, take care of the varieties

You need to decide for yourself what kind of cabbage you want to grow: early - for summer salads, mid-ripening and late - for pickling and winter storage, or both. The timing of sowing cabbage for seedlings depends on this.

Mid-season varieties are very often used for salting, later ones are harvested for the winter in order to have vitamin-rich dishes on the table until spring.

Try to buy seeds from trusted companies. The viability of seedlings and, ultimately, the harvest largely depends on the quality of the planting material.

Many summer residents fell in love with hybrids of early cabbage:

Parel
Pandion

From mid-season and late:

Rinda
Megaton
Atria
Galaxy
Kolobok
Krautman.

We sow cabbage for seedlings

Soil mix. Not all purchased peat soils are suitable for cabbage. because she does not like acidic soils. It is better to prepare the soil mixture for seedlings yourself by mixing turf (or garden) soil with good humus (1: 1), add half a glass of wood ash to a bucket and mix well.

The ash will enrich the mixture with nutrition, protect the seedlings from the black leg. To prevent the development of the black leg, 1-3 days before sowing the seeds, the soil is shed with a solution of Hamair (1 tablet per 5 liters of water).

Sowing dates

It is very important to choose the right time for sowing cabbage seeds. They depend on the timing of planting seedlings in the ground. Many gardeners plant 45-60-day-old seedlings of early white cabbage in the garden at the end of April, which means that seeds should be sown in mid-February-early March.

But here we must make one very important reservation. Under normal, room conditions, you will not be able to grow seedlings of early cabbage. At the initial stage, this culture needs to be provided with t +15 - 17º during the day and + 10 - 12º at night. In a city apartment, this is difficult to do, and if this is not possible, then it is better to abandon the early sowing of cabbage.

Early planting dates for early varieties of cabbage are dictated by the climate: the heat that sets in already in May hinders development, and it is very important that the plants develop as long as possible in favorable conditions for them (moderate temperatures, high humidity).

If it is possible to plant cabbage under temporary shelter, seeds for seedlings are sown earlier.

Later varieties white cabbage is grown, as a rule, without picking, and therefore the seedling period for mid-ripening varieties is reduced to 45, and for late ones - up to 35-40 days.

Knowing the approximate dates for planting seedlings of medium and late varieties in a permanent place (mid-ripening varieties are planted in open ground in the second decade of May, and late ones - in the third decade of May-first days of June), it can be calculated that mid-season varieties are sown for seedlings at the beginning, and late - at the end of April.

Pre-sowing seed treatment

Before sowing, seeds are processed, on the bag with which it is not indicated that they are processed by the manufacturer. Seeds are dipped in water heated to 50 degrees for 20 minutes, then kept in cold water for five minutes. This procedure frees the seeds from pathogens of fungal diseases.

To prevent the development of a black leg, the seeds are soaked in a solution for 1-2 hours before sowing. Fitosporina-M, then dried.

Sowing cabbage seeds

A few days before sowing, the soil in the seedling box is watered. On the day of sowing, after 3-4 cm, sowing grooves are made 1.5 cm deep, they are moistened and seeds are sown 1-1.5 cm apart. Then the rows are covered with a soil mixture, the surface of the soil is slightly compacted, covered with a film or glass and cleaned in a warm place.

Cabbage seeds begin to germinate at low temperatures, but shoots are more friendly and fast in warm weather. Moisten the soil before germination should not be: the seeds have enough pre-sowing moisture reserves.

Microclimate. Emerging shoots immediately find a cool, well-lit place. It can be a glazed loggia, a veranda, where the temperature during the day is kept at +8 +10 degrees. Spring is rapidly gaining momentum, and every day it will be warmer outside (and, therefore, on the loggia).

Such a gradual increase in temperature against the background of increasing daylight hours is favorable for the development of seedlings. In an excessively warm room, cabbage seedlings will stretch and may even die.

Picking seedlings

In the phase of 1-2 true leaves, cabbage seedlings dive. It is better to transplant into cups so as not to injure the roots during transplantation into the garden. Plants are buried to the cotyledons. The soil in the cups is shed with a solution of phytosporin-M.

After transplanting, the cabbage is shaded for 1-2 days.

How to care for seedlings

Top dressing. Ten days after picking, the seedlings are fed for the first time.

2 g of potassium sulfate and ammonium nitrate, 4 g of superphosphate are diluted in a liter of water. Seedlings are watered before feeding, and then 1 cr is poured under each plant. spoonful of nutrient solution.
Two weeks after the first feeding, a second one is carried out with the same composition, but 2 tbsp is poured under each plant. spoons of solution.
A few days before planting, seedlings are fed for the last time: 3 g of ammonium nitrate, 5 g of superphosphate and 8 g of potassium sulfate per liter of water. Simple fertilizers can be replaced with complex ones.

Watering. The frequency of watering depends on the temperature at which the cabbage grows: the cooler, the less watered. Do not allow drying and waterlogging of the soil.

Hardening off cabbage seedlings

Two weeks before planting in open ground, seedlings begin to harden. In the early days, it is enough to slightly open the windows on the loggia or veranda for several hours. Then the cabbage is left in front of an open window so that it gradually gets used to direct sunlight.

The last days before planting reduce watering, the windows are not closed even at night. You can also harden off seedlings in the country.

Any violation of agricultural technology for growing seedlings is fraught with diseases.

If trouble happens, the plants that have fallen from the black leg are removed, the soil in the seedling box is dried, sprinkled with wood ash and gently loosened.

Starting a conversation about cabbage, some gardeners imagine a tight, dew-covered, white head of cabbage, others - some kind of dish prepared on the basis of this vegetable. But everyone is unanimous in the opinion that it is imperative to grow cabbage in the backyard. How best to do this, and which cabbage to give preference to, is discussed in this article.

Selection of seeds for growing seedlings

When choosing cabbage seeds for your plot, the gardener should know that they remain viable for 4-5 years. But it is better to purchase those that have a year or two left before its expiration date.

If there are doubts about the quality of the seeds, they should be checked for germination in advance. Wrapped in a soft cloth, the seeds are moistened and left in a warm place for several days. By the number of germinated seeds, it will be possible to judge their quality.

In addition, the use of the grown crop is of great importance.

If a vegetable is needed for fresh consumption in spring and summer, then it is better to stop at early-ripening white cabbage.
Mid-season varieties are good for salting, pickling and other preparations for the winter.
Among the late species, there are varieties that are bred by breeders specifically for long-term storage.

It follows from this that, having correctly selected the seeds according to the ripening time, the summer resident will have a fresh vegetable on the table all year round.

You should not refuse other types of cabbage.

Chinese cabbage - the most early-ripening species, the early varieties of which ripen in 3 months.
For broccoli the period from germination to harvest lasts from 100 to 150 days.
Brussels sprouts will start producing fruit four months after sowing.
For red and white cabbage harvest time is the same. And for early varieties, they are 3 months, for mid-season - from five months. Late cabbage will ripen in 6 months.
A plant that belongs to the cabbage family, and is grown to decorate a summer cottage, is called ornamental cabbage. Seeds should be sown with the expectation that young seedlings are not afraid of minor frosts.

When to plant cabbage for seedlings in 2020

For each plant grown through seedlings, there is a period during which it must grow in home or greenhouse conditions. This is determined by the long period of its vegetation. In different types of cabbage, they vary significantly.

Therefore, in order to determine the term for sowing cabbage seeds for seedlings, you need to know:

vegetable ripening time
end time of return frosts in the region
seedling age, which determines the optimal development of a vegetable for planting in the ground

At the red cabbage the growth of a sufficient leaf apparatus and the active development of the roots last for 1.5-2 months after sowing the seeds.

For broccoli this period lasts from 30-45 days.

Kohlrabi is ready for transplanting in a month.

Brussels sprouts can be planted at the age of one and a half months.

Age of cabbage seedlings, which can already be transferred to the site, depends on which category the vegetable belongs to.

Early ripe varieties are planted in open ground after 1.5-2 months, hardened seedlings are not afraid of a short-term drop in temperature to -3 ° C.
Mid-season cabbage will be enough from 1 to 1.5 months.
Late-ripening varieties are planted a month after germination.

Therefore, if there is no need for a quick harvest, the seeds of the last two types of cabbage are sown for seedlings immediately on the garden plot, having built a small greenhouse for this under plastic wrap. Shoots in this case appear together, and the seedlings grow hardened and hardy.

decorative cabbage at the age of 30-40 days, it will well tolerate transplanting to the site at the end of April. Return frosts down to -5°C will not harm the young plant, it is frost-resistant.

If seedlings of an early ripe variety of white cabbage can be planted in the ground in late April or early May, then counting 45 days towards winter, we will find ourselves in early March. This means that it is possible to start working with seed during this period.

The dates indicated are indicative. It is impossible not to take into account the weather conditions of the region and the period of time during which return frosts occur. In the Moscow region, in the Urals and in Siberia, these dates will be different. Because among the representatives of the cabbage family there are heat-loving specimens.

When to sow cabbage seeds for seedlings according to the lunar calendar in 2020

In preparation for sowing vegetables, many gardeners check their decision on the planting date with the lunar calendar. Not everyone follows the phases of the moon, but everyone knows that root crops are best sown on a waning moon, and vegetables whose fruits ripen on the above-ground part are sown with an increasing disk.

Everything is taken into account in the calendar: the phases of the moon, the fertility of the sign, the time of the new moon and the full moon, so it is quite convenient to use it.

For white cabbage and cauliflower, the sowing dates according to the lunar calendar coincide with other vegetable crops. Sowing work is excluded on the days of the new moon and full moon. It is also advisable to take into account what sign of the zodiac the moon is in on the landing day.

in January - 14-17;
in February - 11-13, 19-21;
in March - 10-12, 15-17, 27-30;
in April - 6-9, 15-17, 24-26.

Planting vegetables on auspicious days is considered the key to a good future harvest. The seeds sprout faster on the growing moon and the seedlings develop better in the future.

Prohibited days for sowing, picking and transplanting vegetables in 2019

February - 5.19;
March - 6, 21;
April - 5, 19;
May - 5, 19;
June - 3, 17;

When to sow cabbage for seedlings: video

Preparation of soil and containers for sowing cabbage

For growing cabbage seedlings, fertile soil with high moisture and air penetration is required.

Its composition may include:

two parts of garden land,
one part of humus or finished compost,
with the addition of one part of peat.

Sawdust or sand is added to the soil mixture to improve the structure. Wood ash (1 glass per bucket of soil) will replace the complex of mineral fertilizers.

Prepare the soil in advance, disinfect with a solution of manganese. You can heat treat it in the oven or spill it with boiling water.

If the treated soil is kept free from sowing for two weeks, introducing bioinsecticides (“Baikal-EM1”) or biofungicides (“Fitosporin”), then the microflora will have time to recover in it. Beneficial bacteria are very important for the development of young sprouts.

In the absence of your own soil, it is purchased at a gardening store, in the same place where the seeds were bought. You should also stock up on peat pots, as this is the most suitable container for sowing cabbage seeds.

But industrial soil should be subjected to additional processing. Often it is based on peat, so the addition of dolomite flour or slaked lime is required. Cabbage does not like acidic soils.

Cabbage sprouts are very fragile, and the root system does not like to be disturbed. Therefore, sowing in separate pots is the best option for growing cabbage seedlings.

Strong and healthy sprouts Here, too, it has a minimum of contact between the root system. The plant tolerates transplanting into "diapers" painlessly.

Preparation and sowing of cabbage seeds

Pre-sowing preparation consists of several stages.

The seeds selected for sowing are scattered on a small dish and an audit is carried out, rejecting too small and damaged ones.

Check the seed for fullness. Sorted seeds are poured into salt water (a spoon per liter). Here they spontaneously split into two factions. Those that have surfaced should be carefully drained with water, and the rest should be placed in a gauze bag and rinsed well under running water.

Disinfection. The most common and affordable way: disinfection in a weak solution of manganese. 30 minutes will be enough for this procedure. Then the seeds are washed again, and the next stage begins.

Germination used to obtain friendly seedlings and determine the quality of seed. However, strong germination should not be allowed, such seeds can be easily damaged during sowing.

It is necessary to sow each variety of cabbage in different containers. The depth should not exceed 1 cm. The temperature for germination is 20°C. Seedlings will appear on the 2-5th day, depending on the pre-sowing treatment.

After the germination of most of the seeds, the seedling will need to lower the temperature regime to + 15 ° C. If there is a glazed balcony or loggia, then problems with cool conditions will not arise..

Light day for cabbage seedlings should be 14-16 hours long. In the spring, in a city apartment, fluorescent lamps come to the aid of the gardener.

Depending on the length of the day, seedlings are additionally illuminated for 2-3 hours in the morning and evening. If spring is stingy with the number of sunny days, then the lamps can be left on all day.

Seedlings should be watered as soon as the top layer of earth in the container dries out slightly. Both overflows and lack of water are contraindicated for cabbage.

the first factor will lead to black leg plant disease
the second - will slow down the development of seedlings, which will immediately affect its quality. As a result, the yield of vegetables will decrease.

If crops were made in a common container, then during the formation of the second leaf they will need a dive. These can be individual cups, or a larger seed box.

During the period of growing seedlings at home, it should be fed at least twice. It is rather problematic to prepare the necessary composition from the necessary nutrients at home, for the reason that they need meager amounts. Therefore, it is much more convenient to purchase a ready-made fertilizer complex and use it according to the instructions.

The first feeding is carried out at the stage of development of the second true leaf, if the seedling is grown in a separate pot. The pickled seedlings are fed a week after this work. The second fertilization should be carried out two weeks before the expected planting time.

And 10 days before transplanting plants into open ground, they begin to harden. It is more convenient, of course, to do this directly in the garden. Starting from half an hour, increase the time the seedlings stay in the fresh air, gradually accustoming the plant to the sun, wind and other vagaries of nature.

By the end of the air treatment period, seedlings can be left outside overnight.

Growing features

Similar to her white relative. The best temperature for successful plant development is 20-25°C. An adult plant is able to tolerate frosts down to -7 ° C. Recommended as a dietary product. Has a high content of vitamins.

- the most thermophilic of all and picky about growing conditions. Seedlings are also planted at the age of one - one and a half months. Need fertile soil, a sunny site and abundant regular watering. For the whiteness of the heads, they are shaded by breaking the leaves.

Chinese cabbage good because early harvest is possible when sowing seeds for seedlings. And landing in open ground at the end of April will allow the plant to be used as a compactor. In addition, the harvest of Beijing cabbage can be obtained twice per season. Sowing seeds at the end of July on the site will bear fruit at the end of September.

It is used by all, without exception, gardeners.

If, after the ripening of an early variety of cabbage, the stem is not removed, then by the end of summer small heads of dormant buds form on it. Leaving one or two fruits on the plant, you can get an additional increase in good quality to the crop.

It can reach a height of 80 cm, so planting it next to a cucumber bed, it will act as a windproof curtain. In addition, such a neighborhood is mutually beneficial for the development of both cultures.

Redhead a representative of the cabbage plant family is grown in smaller volumes compared to its white counterpart. This is due to the fact that it is less used in preparations for the winter. Most often it is stored fresh in cellars and vegetable stores.

You can write a separate article, it is so unusual and attractive. Having grown seedlings, it is not necessary to plant them immediately in a permanent place, they tolerate transplanting very easily.

A variety of color palettes, the sophistication of the shape of the leaves will not leave any summer resident indifferent to the plant. Corrugated, wavy, dissected - they increase their decorative qualities with the onset of cold weather. Their color saturation is enhanced, which makes ornamental cabbage an indispensable decoration of the garden plot.

It looks good in separate flowerpots that can be moved, depending on the mood of the owner. And under the snow, ornamental cabbage looks just fabulous, and only a spring thaw will break this charm.

If in the autumn the plant is transplanted into a pot and transferred to a room, it will retain its decorative appearance until the New Year. When cut, the flower vegetable will stand in water for a month.

How to sow cauliflower for seedlings: video

The purpose of this article is to introduce the gardener to the basics of growing seedlings of different types of cabbage. Now you know when and how to sow cabbage for seedlings.

Cabbage is such a frequent visitor to summer cottages that people don’t even think about the fact that in order to get a decent harvest, cabbage needs care, as well as compliance with certain planting rules. Today we will tell you when to plant cabbage for seedlings in 2019 according to the lunar calendar. If you follow all our advice, then you will not have problems with this vegetable. All kinds of dishes are prepared from cabbage, so it is very important on the farm, but of course there is no single planting date, it all depends on the variety, and on environmental conditions. Let's take a closer look at all these points, and draw the right conclusions.

Dates of planting cabbage for seedlings in 2019.

Let's determine the approximate dates of when to plant cabbage for seedlings by variety.

White cabbage, early varieties - March.
Cauliflower - end of March, beginning of April.
Cabbage with late and medium ripening - April.

In order to calculate more accurate dates, you need to pay attention to the lunar cabbage planting calendar for 2019. Of course, not everyone believes in the usefulness of the lunar calendar, and completely in vain, even our ancestors paid attention to the fact that the lunar phases affect all life on the planet, so it is not surprising that this method deserves your attention now.

But not only the calendar should be guided when planting, you must also take into account the fact that for the full development of seedlings, and before planting them in open ground, you need to give enough time, for each variety it is different:

Early ripening varieties - 2 months, from planting seedlings to planting in open ground;
Medium varieties in terms of ripening - 40 days;
Late varieties - 35 days.

Planting cabbage for seedlings in 2019, according to the lunar calendar:

March: 20,25,26,30,31.
April: 1,2,26,28.
May: 4,5,7,8.

Dates when it is impossible to plant cabbage, according to the lunar calendar in 2019:

April: 10.27
May: 11.25.

Cabbage, how to plant seedlings:

Seeds are planted in larger boxes, in which special holes are made that will serve for drainage. Then we pour the soil into the box. Next, the soil must be moistened. In the soil we make small indentations of half a centimeter, with a distance of 2.5 centimeters. Place the seeds in these recesses and sprinkle with a little soil. Cover the cabbage seedlings with a film, so you create a suitable climate.

Related videos

Now you know when to plant cabbage for seedlings in 2017 according to the lunar calendar. It's up to you whether to follow these tips or not, but in any case, you can take this knowledge into service, it won't hurt you. On this we say goodbye to you, we wish you success at, until we meet again!

Cabbage is not the last place in the summer cottage of every gardener. This is due to the fact that the vegetable is suitable not only for making vitamin salads, but is also used in many other dishes. To grow strong seedlings, you need to familiarize yourself with some rules and recommendations for planting, caring for and growing cabbage seedlings at home.

Basic rules for planting cabbage for seedlings: how to sow at home

In order for the seedlings to turn out strong and healthy, it is necessary to sow accordingly, and first properly prepare the seeds, containers and soil, and of course it is very important to choose the optimal time. Only strict adherence to the recommendations will help to avoid serious mistakes that can negatively affect the growth and development of cabbage seedlings in the future.

When to sow seeds: optimal sowing time

Note! The site already has a detailed article about, including favorable days for landing in 2019 according to the lunar calendar.

Seed preparation before sowing: pre-sowingtreatment

Before planting cabbage seeds, it is necessary to prepare them. This procedure is intended for both self-collected seed and purchased seed. This requires initially conducting a visual selection, sifting out all damaged specimens, as well as those that are significantly larger or smaller than the bulk.

Then it is recommended to process (pickling) cabbage seeds from pathogens that may persist on the outer shell. To do this, they must first be soaked in warm water with the addition of potassium permanganate at a temperature of 40-50 degrees for 20-30 minutes.

Can be held disinfection using the drug.

For stimulation of growth processes and increase in percentage of germination it is recommended to soak with a solution "Epin"(according to instructions) or "Zircon"(according to instructions). After that, the seeds must be immediately planted in the ground.

And even better germinate cabbage seeds on cotton pads. In 2-4 days, the seeds will hatch, and it will be possible to plant them in the ground.

Important! If, when buying cabbage seeds, they are painted in different colors (it is more correct to call them coated, granulated or glazed), then this indicates that the manufacturer has already taken care of them in advance and has carried out a complete pre-sowing preparation. Therefore, no action is required with them. Landing should be done dry.

Video: soaking cabbage seeds

What soil to plant

Important! For planting, you can not take the soil from the site where cruciferous crops (rutabaga, turnip, radish, horseradish) grew, as they have common diseases.

Sowing cabbage seeds must be carried out in a light and nutritious substrate, which will enable the plants to fully develop. The best option may be to buy ready-made soil for cabbage seedlings, where the soil composition is completely balanced and has a neutral acidity level in the range of 6.5-7 pH.

You can also prepare the necessary soil for planting cabbage yourself by mixing the following components:

Important! Nitrogen fertilizers and humus should not be applied to the soil, as this can lead to excessive growth of the aerial part and further lodging of seedlings.

In addition, it is recommended to disinfect the substrate from pathogens of fungal diseases before planting cabbage. To do this, a few days before sowing, it is necessary to shed the soil with a working solution of the drug (according to the instructions) or a rich pink infusion of potassium permanganate.

And then it is desirable to sift the substrate and carefully loosen it in order to increase its air and moisture permeability.

landing tanks

For planting cabbage for seedlings, you can use wooden or plastic boxes and pallets, but there are also other containers that you should pay attention to. To understand their advantages and disadvantages, you should familiarize yourself with them in advance.

Important! The most important thing is that there are drainage holes at the bottom of the landing container.

Containers made of wood or plastic. This type of container has been used for planting seeds for a very long time due to its ease of use. Wooden structures can be completely built independently, at no extra cost. They are suitable for both sowing and picking seedlings in the future. The disadvantage of containers is that the root system can be damaged during transplantation. It is also impossible to get one plant without affecting the neighboring one. In addition, these structures are quite heavy.
Plastic cups. They are also very popular with gardeners due to their low cost and reusable use. In addition, sowing in such containers allows you to extract plants without damaging the roots, which reduces stress during transplantation. But this type of container has a number of disadvantages. The cups do not have drainage holes, so you need to make them yourself, and you also need to purchase additional trays to water the plants. In addition to all this, they do not have stability and need additional devices when transporting seedlings to their summer cottage.

100-200 ml cups will be enough.

Not so long ago, a type of landing tank appeared. Often sold at the same time with a pallet and a lid, which makes it easier for the gardener. It is a separate cell connected into a single whole, which allows you to plant plants immediately separately. They have drainage holes and are easily cut with scissors if necessary. When transplanting, the root system is not damaged. The disadvantage is that they break easily and are inconvenient during further transportation of seedlings.

Peat tablets. The best option for growing seedlings, allowing you to grow strong seedlings with a well-developed root system. For planting, it is necessary to soak the tablets for 7 minutes in water until completely swollen. They are nutritious compressed peat, placed in a special shell, which completely dissolves when planted in the ground. This allows you to land in the ground without damaging the root. The disadvantage is the high price and the need for frequent watering, as the moisture from the substrate evaporates quickly. Transportation will require additional equipment.

By the way! Cabbage can be sown for seedlings and in banks For more information about this method, see the following video:

What scheme to follow when landing

Planting should be carried out taking into account the fact that plants will need free space in the future for full development. Therefore, you should not thicken the crops too much.

Advice! It makes sense to sow thicker only in order to leave the strongest sprouts later. And they need not be pulled out, but cut off with scissors.

If you are going to dive, then you need to place the seeds in a common container at a distance of 1.5-2 cm from each other and with a row spacing of 3-4 cm.

And if you plant the seeds in a common container at a distance of 5-10 cm in a checkerboard pattern, then seedlings can be grown without picking.

Of course, it is ideal to sow immediately in separate containers, so as not to carry out a pick in the future, because cabbage does not really like it, especially cauliflower.

Important! The thickening of crops is the cause of weak and elongated seedlings of cabbage, and can also cause the development of various diseases.

Video: we prepare seeds and sow cabbage for seedlings

Immediate fit

When planting cabbage seeds for seedlings, it is necessary to consistently perform actions. This will help prevent serious blunders that can negatively affect the plants in the future.

Step-by-step instructions for sowing cabbage seeds for seedlings:

Pour the prepared substrate into the planting containers (2/3).
Water it abundantly and wait until the water is completely absorbed and the soil settles.
Make rows 1 cm deep and spread the seeds.
Sprinkle with earth on top.
Moisten the top of the substrate with a spray bottle.
Cover with a transparent lid or film to keep the moisture inside.
Put the containers on the window and ensure the temperature of the content is up to + 18 ... + 22 degrees (less for white cabbage, more for color).

Video: a proven method of sowing cabbage for seedlings (white cabbage)

Note! There are no serious differences in the sowing and cultivation of various types of cabbage, but there are some small nuances, especially cauliflower (it is more thermophilic).

You might want to watch the following videos:

Video: especially growing and sowing Beijing cabbage for seedlings

Video: sowing and growing cauliflower seedlings - the subtleties of the process

Features of further care and cultivation of seedlings of cabbage

To grow healthy cabbage seedlings at home, you need to create optimal conditions. Otherwise, the seedlings will have an unsightly pale appearance.

Temperature regime

Remember! Cabbage is a cold-resistant plant. The only exception is cauliflower: it needs more room conditions, but it does not tolerate too high temperatures.

As soon as the cabbage seedlings hatch and friendly shoots appear, the temperature of the content must be set in this range ( recommended for white cabbage and other types of cabbage, except for cauliflower ): during the day - + 14-18 degrees, and at night - + 8-12 degrees. This mode will help to restrain the excessive growth of the above-ground part (prevent it from stretching) and will allow you to build up the root system.

Therefore, it is advisable to take containers with seedlings to a balcony or loggia. Or, if you only have a window sill, then slightly open the windows, setting them to the winter ventilation mode.

In general, as a rule, trays with cabbage seedlings are placed in a greenhouse.

And here is the seedling cauliflower does not tolerate low temperatures well, therefore, for its successful cultivation, the temperature both in the daytime and at night should be 4-6 degrees higher, i.e. during the day - + 18-22 degrees, at night - + 14-18 degrees.

Interesting! Cauliflower does come in many colors, but it got its name not because of this, but because it is the flowers (tightly pressed buds) of this plant that we eat, and not the leaves.

Lighting

Cabbage is a photophilous crop, so any slight dimming can lead to the death of seedlings. For the full growth of cabbage seedlings, daylight hours should be within 12-15 hours.

Planting containers with seedlings should be placed on the southern windowsill, or at least in the southwest or southeast. And in the evening or morning hours, if possible, provide backlighting phytolamps.

Watering and humidity

Watering cabbage planted on seedlings should be carried out as the topsoil dries up, avoiding overflow, as well as drying out of the roots. In this case, water should not fall on the leaves.

Note! It is strictly forbidden to water cabbage seedlings with cold water, only warm or at least room temperature. The optimal water for irrigation is rain or melt water. Ordinary running water, passed through a filter and settled for 24-48 hours at home at room temperature, will go for watering cabbage.

top dressing

In order for cabbage seedlings to be strong and healthy, fertilizers must be applied. This will help her to develop more actively and fully.

However, if you initially prepared nutrient soil (with humus or compost), then in principle no additional top dressing is required. Of course, if the appearance of the plants does not require otherwise.

Cabbage seedlings are fed in the following order:

at the stage of appearance of 2 cotyledon leaves (7-10 days after germination);
10-14 days after the first (in the phase of 2 true leaves);
10-14 days before planting in open ground.

By the way! If you grow with a pick, then the first top dressing should be done 7-14 days after it has been carried out.

First feeding You can do yeast infusion. Dissolve 10 grams of dry yeast in 1 liter of water, add 3-4 tbsp. tablespoons of sugar, let it brew for 4-6 hours and pour under the root.

The second top dressing should contain lots of nitrogen. For example, you can pour herbal infusion (for example, from nettles) or use mineral fertilizers (for example, ammonium nitrate or urea).

You also don’t want to bother, then it is recommended to use cabbage seedlings to feed complex mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in equal proportions. For example, nitroammophoska (16% each). Or prepare such top dressing from various fertilizers, for example, taking 3-4 g of urea, 3-4 g and 2-3 g of potassium sulfate per 1 liter.

Video: how to care for cabbage shoots

Picking seedlings of cabbage

The picking procedure involves planting plants in separate and more spacious containers.

A pick of cabbage seedlings is needed only if the seeds were sown in one common container and the seedlings began to run out of space. In general, cabbage does not like picking very much, because. the procedure causes severe stress for the root system of the plant.

When to carry out picking cabbage? The main condition is the appearance of 2 true leaves in the seedlings.

When picking, cabbage seedlings should be deepened to the first pair of cotyledon leaves in order to form a strong root system.

Immediately after picking, for a couple of days, it is recommended to transfer the seedlings to a warmer room with an air temperature of +18..+22 degrees. This will make it easier for seedlings to get used to (more precisely, to recover) and take root in new conditions.

Video: how to dive seedlings of cabbage

About picking cabbage when growing seedlings in a greenhouse see the following video:

Problems in growing cabbage seedlings

Sometimes the most harmless mistakes in caring for seedlings lead to the appearance of diseases: overflow, lack of lighting, elevated temperature. The most common problems when growing cabbage are:

Cabbage seedlings turn yellow. There may be several reasons. So, the leaves may turn yellow due to deficiencies in the soil of elements such as phosphorus (then the leaves turn yellow on the underside and may acquire a red-violet hue), potassium (the tips of the leaves turn yellow), iron (they turn yellow throughout the base). Yellowness can also appear from excessive nutrition - an overdose of fertilizers. To correct such situations, the earth should be shed with water or completely transplanted into new soil.

At the seedlings of cabbage leaves curly. As a rule, this occurs due to the bright sun on the window and from waterlogging of the soil, combined with the dryness of the air in the room. With good humidity and moderate temperature, curly hair should go away. You can additionally feed with humic fertilizers, for example, Gumi, Potassium Humate, etc.
Cabbage seedlings are rotting. As a rule, rotting is caused due to the appearance of seedlings black leg. In the affected seedling, the lower part of the stem first darkens and rots, then a constriction forms in this place, the plant dies and lies down. To prevent such an outcome, it is necessary to first disinfect the soil. If this was not done or the disease still appeared, then it is worth removing all infected seedlings, and shedding the earth with a solution of potassium permanganate (3-4 g per 10 liters of water), after which the seedlings should not be watered for a week.

Cabbage seedlings are stretched. The main reasons are insufficient daylight hours and incorrect temperature conditions. But seedlings can stretch even in good light, if the planting density is too high, which is why not all plants have enough light. Naturally, without the recommended temperature regime, the normal development of seedlings should not be expected.

Other diseases. In addition to the black leg, seedlings can be affected phomosis (dry rot), clubroot and many other very dangerous and destructive diseases.

To prevent the occurrence of these problems and diseases of seedlings, it is enough to follow all the recommendations for processing seeds and soil before planting, as well as to properly care for plantings.

Video: prevention and treatment of cabbage seedling diseases

Terms of planting seedlings of cabbage in open ground and greenhouse

Advice! 10-14 weeks before planting cabbage in open ground, seedlings should harden- first, just open the window in the room for a couple of hours, and then take it out to the greenhouse for 3-4 hours. In the last days before planting in the garden, containers can be left directly in the garden (if the weather allows).

Planting cabbage seedlings in open ground or a greenhouse should be carried out when the seedlings have 3-6 true leaves. Cabbage can survive small frosts, so you should not wait until they pass, but plant as soon as it warms up to plus values.

Video: planting cabbage seedlings in open ground

Video: the secrets of growing strong seedlings of cabbage

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