Class hour for high school students. Abstract "Death Camp", dedicated to the memory of the prisoners of Auschwitz
Description: This class hour, dedicated to the liberation of the prisoners of the Auschwitz death camp, is designed for students in grades 10-11. The work can be used by class teachers for class hours, conversations dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.Target:
Introduce students to the history of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
Tasks:
- Expand students' understanding of the Great Patriotic War;
- To form students' interest in the history of the country;
- Raise a sense of compassion for the memory of the victims of the Nazis.
Equipment:
- Computer;
- Multimedia projector.
The music of Johann Sebastian Bach sounds, composition: Sarabande
Student 1:(slide 1;2)
No matter how many years and centuries have passed,
Will remember the people and the land
Camps, where a painful death,
People died, cursing the Nazis.
Women, children, soldiers died,
Leaving only mountains of bones
Yes, pajamas, striped pants,
What were lying around the chambers - stoves
Well, those who waited for victory
They still don't believe
That fears are gone forever - troubles,
They still curse the war.
Still dreaming at night
Hunger, cold, sickness and death,
The camp number remained forever,
Time won't erase it...
Nadezhda Gorlanova
Classroom teacher:(slide 3, 4)
Under the Polish city of Krakow is a place that will not leave anyone indifferent. Here is the largest camp founded by the Germans - the Auschwitz death camp. The camp complex consisted of three camps: Auschwitz I (served as the main center of the entire complex), Auschwitz II (also known as Birkenau, "death camp"), Auschwitz III (a group of several small camps created around a common complex). Every day for those living in the camp was in the struggle for survival.
It was impossible for the prisoners to escape from there, since the entire territory was surrounded by live barbed wire and watchtowers. An attempt to escape was punishable by death. This is one of the most terrible places on earth... Today, on the eve of the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Victory over fascism, let's take a short tour of the camp and remember what events took place there...
Student 2:(slide 5)
The attitude towards the prisoners was inhuman. It was impossible to maintain basic hygiene without soap and water. Only occasionally were given a limited amount of time to wash. The prisoners were allowed to go to the toilet twice a day for a few seconds. The prisoners were not fed for a long time, they ate bark and grass. It used to be that the Nazis had fun, arranged "races", when in different parts of the camp they threw rutabaga to the prisoners, people rushed to the vegetable, crushing each other. The prisoners slept on three-story bunk beds covered with straw. In such unsanitary conditions, people often fell ill with various infectious diseases.
Student 3:(slide 6)
Concentration camps were considered conveyors of death. Here, the work of crematoria and gas chambers did not stop for a minute. Every day new prisoners arrived in the camps. They were examined by doctors and divided into able-bodied and disabled. Weak and sick people, children, old people were sent to the gas chambers so that there was no panic they were told that they were taking them to the bathhouse. In the gas chambers they were poisoned with Cyclone gas, 15-20 minutes were enough to kill people. After that, all valuables, good things were removed from the bodies, teeth were pulled out, women's hair was cut off. The bodies were then sent to the ovens.
Pupil 4(slide 7)
Forced labor was carried out in the camps. On the gates of the camp is written "Arbeitmachtfrei", which means "work sets you free" in German. People worked day and night, in frost and sun, worked with shovels and crowbars. The prisoners were involved in the construction of roads, new barracks, warehouses. Many worked in metallurgical plants. Tens of thousands of prisoners were involved in the construction of a military chemical plant and a military plant for fuses and fuses for bombs and shells near Auschwitz. In agricultural work, prisoners used to be harnessed to plows instead of horses. In the process of work, people were severely beaten. Those who could not cope with the work were waiting for the crematorium.
Student 5:(slide 8)
There were many children and pregnant women in Auschwitz. Many women in labor were taken away after the birth of the child and drowned in metal barrels, then the bodies were thrown out to be eaten by rats. Fair-haired and blue-eyed children were selected and sent to Germany. Children from 8 to 16 years old, those who were not sent to the gas chambers, were forced by the Nazis to do physical labor along with adults. Experiments were conducted on children, as well as on adults, they were tested with lethal doses of tranquilizers. German doctors selected twins for medical experiments.
Few of the children managed to survive in such brutal conditions.
Pupil 6: (slide 9)
In Auschwitz, medical experiments and experiments were widely practiced. The latest drugs were tested. The effects of chemicals on the human body were studied. Prisoners were experimented on, infected with such dangerous diseases as malaria, hepatitis, typhoid and jaundice. Nazi doctors performed surgery on healthy people as a training exercise. One of the common operations was the castration of men and the sterilization of women. Few of the experimental prisoners survived.
Classroom teacher:(slide 10; 11)
On January 27, 1945, the Soviet army liberated the Auschwitz concentration camp from the Nazis, where thousands of prisoners were waiting for release. This day is considered the Day of Remembrance for the Victims of the Concentration Camps.
After the war, the Auschwitz-Birkenau Museum was opened in the camps. On the commemorative plate it is written: “Let this place be a cry of despair and a warning for mankind for centuries ...” This place is a reminder of the most terrible crime against humanity. It is our duty to remember the history of our country so that those terrible events never happen again.
Our class hour, I want to end with lines from a poem by Evgeny Poniatovsky
Auschwitz.
Silence reigned over Auschwitz for half a century.
She is louder than any alarm.
Flowers bloom where once
Hundreds of dead human bodies lay in a heap...
Let's forget about them
Unknown, and not guilty of anything? ...
Presentation on the topic: Class hour "Death Camp", dedicated to the memory of the prisoners of Auschwitz
Scenario of the extra-curricular event "To remember", dedicated to the prisoners of concentration camps
Goals:
tell students about the atrocities of Nazi Germany;
to cultivate feelings of compassion for the dead;
show children what consequences wars can have on our planet.
Event progress
1st presenter . For 70 years now we have been separated from the end of the Great Patriotic War. However, the monstrous crimes of the German fascist invaders have not and will never be erased from the memory of mankind. It is impossible without pain to recall the atrocities of the Nazis, who tortured, shot, strangled millions of people in gas chambers.
Video #1
2nd host (slide 1) April 11 is celebrated annually as International Day for the Liberation of Prisoners of Nazi Concentration Camps. On April 11, 1945, the prisoners of the Buchenwald concentration camp - one of the most terrible death camps - raised an international uprising against the Nazis and were released. In total, more than 14,000 concentration camps operated on the territory of Germany and the countries occupied by it. During the years of the Second World War, 18 million people passed through the death camps, of whichover 5 million are citizens of the Soviet Union.
1st leader. (Slide 2) Initially, all concentration camps were created as labor camps, but many people were killed in each of them. A huge number of civilians destroyed the so-called "death camps". In them, the Nazis killed thousands of people. The camps had special devices for massacres.
2nd presenter (Slide 3)
Exploitation of the labor of prisoners on construction sites.
Remelting gold teeth.
Women's hair went to stuffing mattresses, weaving ropes for submarines.
1st leader. (Slide 4) death camps
2nd leader. (slide 5)
Beginning in 1933, concentration camps, "death camps", "death factories" appeared in Nazi Germany. During World War II, camps were also created in Eastern Europe, mainly in Poland, as well as in the Baltic countries, Belarus, and other occupied territories. The camps were created for the mass extermination of European Jews, and later other, as Hitler believed, "inferior" peoples
1st leader. The first Nazi concentration camp - Dachau.(slide6)
A reliable security system left no chance for the prisoners. Escape was almost impossible.(Slide 7).
Barracks - uncomplicated, 3-tiered beds. For an imperfectly made bed (for a small fold) one could get alone, well, or at least be beaten
2nd presenter (Slide 8). The entrance to the "shower room" of Brausebad is a well-known deception, specially invented by "humane" fascists, in order to avoid fear and panic before death. They were invited to wash in a special chamber, and you yourself know what happened next.(Slide 9).
This is a model of a gas chamber, or "shower"(Slide 10).
It was built towards the end of the war, again due to lack of space. Above, as promised in the name "brausebad", shower heads - from which water never leaked ... It is very difficult to describe in words the feelings when you enter this room(Slide 11).
People were led to the gas chambers naked, their clothes were intended for those who could still work.
Demonstration executions are a common thing in a concentration camp
1st leader. "Prison Guard" M. Jalil
He walks around guarding my prison.
Two letters "Es" glitter on the sleeves.
It's like a nail hammers in my heart
His heavy steady step
Under this look, everything around was quiet -
Pupils do not miss anything.
The earth seems to groan under him,
And the sun turned away from him.
He's always there, scary freak
Henchman of death, hire barbarism,
The guard of slavery walks at the gate,
Lattices and bolts guards.
The dying breath of a human is his food,
He wants to drink - he drinks blood and tears,
The hearts of the unfortunate prisoners are pecking, -
The vulture only lives by this.
When I knew how many people
Died in the dirty paws of the executioner,
The earth would never lift him,
Deprived the sun of its beam(Slide 12)
2nd host The Buchenwald camp was noted for particular cruelty towards the prisoners, it was called the death camp(Slide 16,17).
1st leader. (Slide 18) Salaspils is a camp near Riga. During the war years, about 100 thousand people were exterminated in it. Hitler's words are well known: "I will simply take measures to systematically stop the natural growth of this population" (meaning the peoples that are undesirable for the Germans). This statement reveals the true purpose of killing children in the occupied territories. During the occupation of Latvia in the Nazi concentration camp Salaspils, blood was forcibly taken from children. A child, weakened and unable to give it, so that the ominous, but acutely scarce blood conveyor would not be interrupted, was offered a spoonful of poison under the guise of porridge ...
2nd host
And transparent, quivering and thin,
Like potato sprouts in spring,
Children's hands turned white,
Baby tufts arose.
Mouths screamed - and in every word,
In the rustle of broken phrases
It was heard: “Return the blood to us. blood,
The one that the doctor pumped out of us! .. "
Doctor, both caring and dexterous,
I managed to work for three:
Syringe sticking, stroking the head,
Weak - porridge with a spoon gave.
We went to the barracks tasted porridge,
And then on the clay floor
Yanises, Volodya and Natasha
They died crouched in a corner.
And again, huge and bottomless,
Coming to the camp empty,
Departed, gurgling, cans
With the blood of a child, as if with milk.
The special ship set sail from the pier,
The loaded plane took off...
Children's graves of Salaspils,
How many of you? Nobody counted.
I will stand silently - as if to the headboard,
Feeling with brutal simplicity:
The blood of children cannot be washed away even with blood,
Even punishment, terrible and holy!
(Slide 19)
1st leader.
Every year on April 11, the International Day for the Liberation of Prisoners of Nazi Concentration Camps is celebrated. This is the Day of Sorrow for the 12 million people who were killed there. This memorable date is celebrated by the decision of the UN on April 11, because it was on this day that the prisoners of the fascist concentration camp Buchenwald, having learned about the approach of the allied troops, raised an armed uprising in the camp. They captured the camp, breaking the guards, and thereby saved themselves from the destruction that the Nazi authorities were preparing for them. On April 19, 1945, at a funeral meeting in honor of those killed during the uprising, former prisoners of the Buchenwald concentration camp vowed to continue the merciless fight against fascism. In April 1945, the Allied troops, in addition to the Buchenwald and Dora camps, liberated the prisoners of the Sachsenhausen (April 22), Dachau (April 29) and Ravensbrück (April 30) camps. Since then, April 11 has been celebrated all over the world as the International Day for the Liberation of Nazi Camp Prisoners.
Video 2 "Buchenwald Alarm"
2nd host People!
Death of the tortured
You can't forgive fascism!
Remember those who died in the war!
Take care of the world in the name of life!
Raising your fist up
Say "NO" to war!!!
1st leader. Remember mothers who will never wait for their children from the war! Get in the way of teenagers drawing Nazi swastikas and shouting "Heil Hitler!" This should never happen again.
Leading: Dear friends, today is April 11, 2014 - a memorable date is celebrated all over the world - the International Day for the Liberation of Prisoners of Nazi Concentration Camps. Concentration camps are places of detention of large masses of people placed there on political, social, racial, religious and other grounds.
Bochegov A. They put you in a bag
Tied up under an evil laugh.
Queuing up your body
To grind it into powder.
The mill grinds people's lives -
Bags of bones pile up.
Her millstone is of iron,
Every day they are more and more fierce.
The miller is angry, drunk on blood:
Not flour - blood flows from wounds.
Greedily drinks her cursed bug -
Possessed, blind tyrant.
Leading: Concentration camps became widespread during the Second World War and were located both in Nazi Germany itself and in the territories it occupied. On March 22, 1933, the first concentration camp in Nazi Germany began to operate in Dachau, and in subsequent years the Nazis created a huge network of these camps, turned into places for the organized systematic murder of millions of people.
Kaganov N. Bondage, imprisonment, prison:
What is day, what is night - there is no difference.
They try to drive me crazy
Kill in me the desire for light.
The stone bag squeezed the breath,
Coughing, weak gait.
I go to the door, and there is a lock,
I look out the window, and there is a lattice.
And every morning the gallows waits.
The soul is silent, yearning.
And joy lives only in deep sleep,
And now I live only in dreams.
Leading: In total, more than 14 thousand concentration camps operated on the territory of Germany and the countries occupied by it. According to the SS men themselves, a prisoner whose life expectancy in the camp was less than a year brought the Nazis almost one and a half thousand Reichsmarks of net profit. During the years of World War II, 18 million people passed through the death camps, of which about 5 million were citizens of the Soviet Union. Only in the occupied territory of the Soviet Union, the fascist invaders shot, strangled in gas chambers, burned, and hanged 1.7 million. people (including 600 thousand children). "Russia must be liquidated," Hitler announced at a meeting at his headquarters. Every German officer carried a little book containing "12 commandments in dealing with Russians" which said: "You must be aware that you are the representative of great Germany. In the interests of the German people you must apply the most cruel and most ruthless measures. Kill everyone Don't stop if there's an old person in front of you, a woman, a boy or a girl."
Poryakova D. How to explain to children: five million
Disappeared in the dungeons ... forever ...
Tortured, poisoned by the "Cyclone",
Shot, hanged, burned?
No one saw tears, no one heard groans,
The whole world was indifferent, as always.
Leading: All prisoners of the concentration camps were required to wear distinctive signs on their clothes, including a serial number and a colored triangle ("Winkel") on the left side of the chest and right knee. (In Auschwitz, the serial number was tattooed on the left forearm.) All political prisoners wore a red triangle, criminals green, "unreliable" black, gypsies brown.
In addition to the classification triangle, the Jews also wore yellow, as well as a six-pointed "Star of David". A Jew who violated racial laws was required to wear a black border around a green or yellow triangle. Prisoners who participated in or were suspected of escaping were required to wear a red and white target on their chest and back.
Mazurkevich A. Five million ... It's scary for us to imagine
Into what abyss they were pushed prostrate.
Five million - completely erased faces,
Five million - a whole world behind each.
Five million with the future parted
Looks faded, the moons set,
Five million hearts broke
Five million strings resounded.
And how many unaccomplished discoveries,
Talents?.. Who knows their number?
Five million broken threads
Five million seedlings died.
How to explain "Five million" to children?
By population - a whole country,
Five million days - millennia
Five million lives - whose fault?
How did it happen: decades have passed,
And through rivers of blood, sea of tears
Here, then on the other side of the planet
Scum deny the Holocaust?
How to explain five million to children? ..
Leading: The main concentration camp of the Nazi Reich was Sachsenhausen; here was the administration of all concentration camps, as well as a training center for the SS guards of all other camps.
Sachsenhausen was established in the Oranienburg region 30 km north of Berlin in the summer of 1936, when the II Olympic Games were held in Berlin itself. In September-November 1941, one after another, transports with Soviet prisoners of war began to arrive in Sachsenhausen. Half-dead people sat and stood in a freight car, pressed close to each other; among them were those who died on the way. The arrivals were sent to the "production" yard, where they were shot to the howl of powerful radio waves. Often the prisoners were forced to sing Russian folk songs in chorus.
Then, in the autumn of 1941, an unprecedented mass extermination of Soviet prisoners of war was carried out in Sachsenhausen - a one-time execution of 18,000 soldiers and officers brought from the eastern front. They were killed one by one with shots to the back of the head. This, which had no analogues in military history, the cynical murder of prisoners of war, the SS called "Russian action." The heroes of this action, the SS men, were encouraged by a holiday in Sorrento.
Kulchitskaya K. How long will you live in the world
Former prisoners of concentration camps -
Do not forget them nor the factories of death,
No fascists, which are meaner than animals!
Auschwitz, Buchenwald and Auschwitz,
Mauthausen in the same row...
Who fell into the clutches of the devil, to the Germans -
I went to hell, to put it bluntly.
The whole earth trembled with grief,
The beast and children did not spare!
Mouth monstrous - crematorium
Whatever the day, devoured people.
In the world of horror - torture, mockery,
Burning alive at the stake...
Better wash your skin, girls,
They make gloves out of it!
And the soul was frozen with fear,
The horror of the ghetto will never be eliminated!
How many lives are thrown on the chopping block!
Is it possible to forget this?!
Leading: There were even special death camps, where the liquidation of prisoners went on at a continuous and accelerated pace. These camps were designed and built not as places of detention, but as death factories. It was assumed that in these camps, people doomed to death had to spend literally a few hours. In such camps, a well-functioning conveyor was built, turning several thousand people a day into ashes. These include Majdanek, Auschwitz, Treblinka, Buchenwald, Dachau, Ravensbrück and others. In Auschwitz, for 12,000 prisoners, there was only one washbasin with water that was undrinkable. When it snowed, the prisoners melted it for drinking: in the spring they washed themselves and drank from the puddles.
Everywhere in the barracks one could see rats that ate the corpses and even attacked the dying, who did not have the strength to cope with them. The sick and wounded did not receive any medical care and were doomed to extinction, especially from epidemics of typhus and dysentery.
Millions of people brought from different countries to the Auschwitz concentration camp were subjected to organized robbery in the very first hour of their stay. All things: suitcases, clothes, bedding, down to underwear and shoes, were taken by the SS men to specially built and equipped warehouses and sent to Germany. Part of the able-bodied people who remained in hard labor received prisoner striped clothes instead of their belongings. On the territory of the Auschwitz camp there were 35 special warehouses for sorting and packing things and clothes.
The attitude of the Nazis towards people as material is characterized by the following facts. At the tannery of the Auschwitz camp on March 7, 1945, the commission discovered 293 bales of packaged female hair with a total weight of 7,000 kilograms. An expert commission found that the hair was cut from 140,000 women.
The secret directive of the Office of the SS on the use of women's hair read:
"Secret
Main administrative and economic department of the SS
Concerning: the use of cut hair,
For commandants of concentration camps
On the basis of the report submitted to him, the head of the SS Main Administration and Economic Department ordered that all cut human hair obtained in concentration camps be used appropriately.
Human hair is processed into industrial felt and yarn. Combed and cut women's hair is used to make hair-spun stockings for submarine crews and hair-felt stockings for employees of the imperial railways. Therefore, I order that the hair of imprisoned women, after disinfection, be preserved. The cut hair of male prisoners must be used from 20 mm in length. It is envisaged to use the hair harvested in all the camps by setting up a special production plant in one of the camps. A more precise instruction on the delivery of the collected hair will be given separately. The amount of monthly hair collected must be reported here on the 5th of each month, beginning September 5, 1942.
Glucks, SS Brigadeführer and Major General of the SS Troops, Oranienburg, August 6, 1942.
Kukushkin D. Time threw up a new day -
new burden on my body!
In a circle, in a circle we mournfully wander ...
The walls hung like a gray cliff
thorns twinkle with raindrops of tears
Yes, the pit of the yard .. We are in the back of each other's heads
we walk, we walk, in a circle, in a circle ...
Leading: In the Auschwitz camp there were gas chambers, and crematoria, and surgical departments, and laboratories - all this was intended for the monstrous extermination of people. The Germans called the gas chambers "baths for special purposes." On the front door of this "bath" was written "For disinfection", and on the output - "Entrance to the bath." Thus, people destined for destruction, without suspecting anything, entered the “For disinfection” room, undressed and from there were driven into the “special purpose bath”, that is, into the gas chamber, where they were exterminated by the poisonous substance “cyclone”.
Auschwitz concentration camp prisoners say:
“They open the doors of the wagons and drive people out with whips; Orders are given through a loudspeaker: everyone should hand over things and clothes, even crutches and glasses ... Hand over valuables and money to the window with the inscription: “Jewelry”. Women and girls are directed to the barber, who with two strokes of scissors cuts off their hair, stuffed into potato sacks ... Then the march begins ... There are barbed wire to the right and left, and behind dozens of Nazis with rifles. Men, women, girls, children, babies, legless cripples, all naked, like a mother gave birth, go in a crowd. At the turn, at the entrance to the building, an SS man stands, grinning, and announces affectionately: “Nothing bad will be done to you .. You just have to breathe deeply. It strengthens the lungs. Proper inhalation is essential for disinfection.” They ask him what will happen to women, and he answers that men will, of course, have to work at the construction of roads and houses, and women will not work - they, if they want, will be able to help in the kitchen or around the house ... hope flickers to the soul, enough to continue to trudge without resistance to the gas chambers. But the majority is already beginning to guess what fate awaits them. Terrible, all-pervading, the stench reveals the truth.
They slowly... but all continue to move silently towards the death chamber. Those coming behind press on, the SS men whip the crowd with whips. A woman in her forties curses the leader of the killers and screams that the blood of her children will fall on his head. SS officer Wirth personally hits her five times with a whip in the face, and she disappears into the gas chamber. Many are praying... SS men are pushing people inside.
“Fill to capacity!” Commandant of the camp commands. Naked people step on each other's feet. Seven hundred, eight hundred people... The doors close. The rest of the transport waiting for their turn. They wait naked in the winter. They turn on the gas supply... But the diesel does not work. 50 minutes pass... 70 minutes... And people are standing in the cell. Hear them cry...
Finally, after 2 hours and 49 minutes, the diesel starts to work.
25 minutes pass. Many are already dead - it can be seen through the peephole ... After 28 minutes, some are still alive ... Children are the last to die. After 32 minutes, everyone is dead... On the other side, the workers unlock the doors. The dead stand like basalt pillars - they have nowhere to fall. And after death, families can still be recognized - they are standing, clinging to each other and holding hands tightly. With difficulty, only manages to separate the bodies to make room for the next batch.
From the official report of the camp command:
“... During July 1944, 12 thousand prisoners were killed a day, and since the crematorium could not let through such a number of corpses, they were dumped into deep pits and covered with quicklime ...”
Surviving eyewitnesses said:
“In order to accommodate a larger number of victims in the cells, people were driven with their hands up, and small children were thrown on their heads. The SS man Sepp Gaytrader was a specialist in killing babies, whom he himself grabbed by the legs and killed by hitting his head against a stone fence. According to the testimonies of witnesses, the killing in the cells lasted 15 minutes...”
Usually, from the arriving parties from 1000 to 1500 people, no more than 250 people got into the camp. Also, healthy women 20-30 years old were selected, who were sent to the unit where medical experiments were carried out. The rest were immediately sent to the gas chamber.
Eyewitnesses spoke of how older couples were separated, how mothers were forced to leave their young daughters behind because they ended up in the camp, while mothers and young children were sent to the gas chamber.
“To defuse the atmosphere of the reception, an orchestra of young, handsome prisoners, dressed in white blouses and blue sailor skirts, played cheerful arias from operettas. The Nazis were afraid of panic, so the arrivals were told that this was a labor camp.”
According to eyewitnesses:“Often at night we woke up from terrible screams, this happened when we saved gas in gas chambers and threw living children into the furnaces of crematory furnaces.”
"Buchenwald alarm" Roman Nemchenko
Leading: The International Tribunal at Nuremberg recognized that the imprisonment of civilians of foreign states, as well as the use of forced labor in the interests of Germany, is not only a war crime. It was qualified as a crime against humanity. Overwork, terrible conditions of detention, beatings, bullying had the most negative impact on the health, life expectancy, and psyche of victims of Nazism.
Fragment "Ordinary fascism"
Poryakova D. Oh, how many tears, hot and combustible!
My land, tell me what's wrong with you?
You often saw human grief,
You bloomed for us for millions of years,
But have you ever experienced
Such a shame and barbarism?
My country, enemies threaten you,
But raise the banner of great truth higher,
Wash his lands with bloody tears,
And let its rays pierce
Let them destroy mercilessly
Those barbarians, those savages,
That the blood of children is swallowed greedily,
The blood of our mothers...
Leading: On this day, we must remember another of the tragedies of the Great Patriotic War - the tragedy of former underage prisoners of fascist concentration camps. Then, in 1941, in violation of the provisions of the Hague Convention of 1907 on the attitude of the belligerents towards children, their lives, health, labor were used in concentration camps, military factories, industrial and agricultural enterprises. Children became hostages, donors, biological raw materials for criminal "medical experiments".
Fragment of the film "Remember your name"
Bochegov A. The men tortured the children.
Clever. Intentionally. Skillfully.
They did everyday work
They worked - they tortured children.
And this every time again, -
Cursing, swearing for no reason...
And the children did not understand
What do men want from them?
Leading: In one of the concentration camps in Europe, Terezina, there were more than 10,500 children under the age of 15 and about 2,000 under the age of 18. Out of 12,500 children, about 1,000 survived. The relentless thought of death, even if it was not allowed by consciousness, tormented gradually, and the children asked questions that usually take a whole life to solve.
Kaganov N. For what - offensive words,
Beatings, hunger, growling dogs?
And the children thought at first
What kind of disobedience is this.
They couldn't imagine
What was open to everyone:
According to the ancient logic of the earth,
Children need protection from adults.
Leading: The Salaspils concentration camp was established by the invaders in 1941 on the territory of Latvia. Both residents of Latvia and Jews who were brought to the camp from other European countries went there. In the camp, about 3 thousand children under 5 years old were martyred only in the period from May 18, 1942 to May 19, 1943, the bodies were partly burned, and partly buried in the old garrison cemetery near Salaspils. Most of them were subjected to blood pumping, and they were also subjected to terrifying medical experiments in their cruelty. According to historians, more than 100,000 people died in the camp: adults and children, these data are also confirmed by surviving eyewitnesses. However, an accurate assessment of both the number of deaths in this camp and the nominal composition of prisoners is difficult because in August 1944, while preparing a retreat, the Nazis took the surviving prisoners of Salaspils to the Stutthof concentration camp, while they destroyed its administrative archive.
Kukushkin D. And the days went by, how terrible death is,
And the children became exemplary
But they were all beaten.
Same way. Again.
And they weren't relieved of their guilt.
They grabbed people.
They prayed. And they loved.
But the men had "ideas"
The men tortured the children.
I'm alive. I breathe. Love people,
But life is disgusting to me,
As soon as I remember: it was.
The men tortured the children.
Leading: In 1967, a memorial center was opened on the site of the Salaspils concentration camp.
Leading: As a day of remembrance for the victims, April 11 was established at the initiative of the UN in memory of the international uprising, which was raised on April 11, 1945 by the prisoners of Buchenwald, having learned about the approach of the Soviet army.
I propose to honor the memory of the victims of the Nazi concentration camps with a MINUTE OF SILENCE
Leading: After the horrors of war, occupation, concentration camps, no one could even think about the possibility of the revival of fascism on Earth. But years passed, and in some countries people who openly supported the ideas of nationalism and fascism came to power. Hiding behind false democratic slogans and imaginary freedom of speech, they organize marches of former SS men in the squares, erect obelisks for them, while destroying monuments to Soviet liberators, persecuting veterans of the Great Patriotic War.
In modern Ukraine, the former part of the Soviet Union, which suffered heavy losses in the Great Patriotic War, supporters of the ideas of nationalism raised their heads. They took an active part in the coup d'état, in overthrowing the legitimate government. It is especially terrible that they are drawing young people into their ranks, using false slogans and false ideas to cover up their real goals. We are citizens of Russia, we must be proud of our Motherland, remember its history, honor the traditions and customs of our people. But at the same time, our love and pride should not be associated with humiliation, disrespect and negative attitude towards other peoples and their cultures. We must remember that Russia is a multinational country, and this is our strength. We are called to this by the blood of our compatriots, given for a just cause, for our bright future.
In order to resist the streams of deceit and lies flowing from the West, it is necessary to know the history of your country and your people. The events and facts of the history of concentration camps are only a background for understanding where, when and in what conditions, due to tragic circumstances, the Soviet people found themselves. All of them were soldiers and participants of that terrible war. Eternal memory to all those who died unconquered in a fierce battle with fascism!.. No years will heal the wounds of millions of human hearts... This must not be forgotten. And this cannot be forgiven!
SCENARIOScenario
"War and Destiny"
The song "Buchenwald alarm" sounds performed by the vocal group "Inspiration"
Video
Reader (against music)
I am overgrown with memory, as the wasteland is overgrown with forest.
And the birds - memory in the morning sing,
And the wind - the memory is buzzing at night,
Trees - memory babble all day.
But in my memory such power is hidden,
Which returns images and multiplies...
Noisy, not ceasing, memory is rain,
And memory - the snow flies and cannot fall.
2 leading At all times, in all wars, there have been killed and prisoners, but in no war have children suffered so much. Fascism did not recognize age differences. The splendidly debugged Nazi machine of destruction of people crushed everyone with the same accuracy and ruthlessness: decrepit old men, flourishing women, newborn babies.
Reader
Children of war and blows cold
Children of war and the smell of hunger
Children of war and hair on end:
On the bangs of children's gray hair.
The earth is washed with children's tears,
Soviet and non-Soviet children.
What difference does it make where he was under the Germans,
In Dachau, Lidice or Auschwitz?
Their blood turns red on the parade grounds with poppies
The grass drooped where the children cried
Children of war pain is desperate
And how many minutes of silence do they need!
1 presenter Throughout Europe, day and night, the crematoria of countless death camps smoked. In total, 18 million people were kept in camps and prisons on the territory of the Reich, and every fifth of them was a child. Only 1 out of 10 children - prisoners of concentration camps - returned home.
2 hostDachau- the first German concentration camp. It was created in 1933 17 kilometers from Munich on the personal order of Himmler. In the autumn of 1941, the first echelons with Soviet prisoners of war entered the camp. In total, during the existence of the camp, 250 thousand prisoners passed through it, of which about 70 thousand died.
1 presenter Dachau was one of the camps where terrible medical experiments were carried out on living people. Prisoners in special barracks were vaccinated with tuberculosis, malaria, typhus, and were infected with gangrene. Then they were treated experimentally. There were other experiences as well. For example, a prisoner was lowered into an ice bath for several hours, the body was brought to almost complete frostbite. Then warmed up. So the Nazis tried to find an effective way to treat their pilots shot down over the cold seas.
2leader Majdanek- one of the most terrible fascist camps. It was created in 1941 in the Polish city of Lublin. Upon arrival at the camp, each prisoner received a round badge with his camp number; number on the neck, number on the chest, number on the right leg. Striped robe. Clattering wooden shoes, a mug, a bowl, for a day - a small piece of bread, gruel - tea brewed on grass. Work - from morning to night. The girls paired and tied boots and boots with laces. Mountains of shoes! Mountains of clothes... Boys' job is to bag people's hair. From them, then the economic Germans made wigs, brushes, brushes, stuffed mattresses with them ...
Reader Here the baby fell asleep on his bunk. Suddenly he hears terribly familiar steps - and shrinks into a ball. Here they are standing next to each other. Shout, the child hurriedly stretches out a little hand from under the curtain. The sting of an injection pierces her ... The kid falls into oblivion ...
Video with the poem "Barbarism" by M. Jalil
Video
1 leading Buchenwald. On the heavy lattice gates there is an inscription: "to each his own": the German Aryans - to dominate the world, the rest of humanity - to work for them behind barbed wire ...
2leader Children's block 8. Insults, humiliation, beatings. We were fed twice a day - slurry on the water, boiled swede. 150 grams of bread - from bran, with sawdust, only in the evening. The bread should have been left for tomorrow, but it was still swallowed in the dispenser.
1 presenter Twelve or thirteen year olds were not driven to work - they took blood from them.
2 leading Block 46 was the worst. Biomedical experiments were carried out on its prisoners. In total, 56 thousand prisoners were destroyed in Buchenwald
Reader
Flowers bloom in Buchenwald -
Scarlet poppies.
In the museum room - shields,
And next to it are barracks.
Flowers bloom in Buchenwald -
Scarlet flashes.
Looking at poppies from above
Permanent towers.
There are no SS men on the towers.
Smoke doesn't billow...
Flowers are blazing - and light
Lie down on your face.
Death does not walk around the camp,
Dogs don't bark
Still creepy to watch
On scarlet poppies.
1 presenter In total, about 40 former prisoners of concentration camps lived in Ust-Ilimsk and the region, who met the war as young children or teenagers. Today there are just over 20 left.
2 leading One can only bow before people who were not broken by the experience, who had the strength not only to survive, but to live on, to create, create, rejoice and love. Maria Gromysheva, the granddaughter of one of our compatriots, a former juvenile prisoner of the concentration camp, Agrofena Alexandrovna Gromysheva, who passed away in 2008, is present at our meeting today. Let's give her a word.
Maria
1 presenter The memory of the dead, tortured, burned in the fascist camps is announced minute of silence!
A candle is lit, a metronome starts
Please everyone sit down
AVE MARIA
Video
Reader
In the abode of death they are silent about death.
And just scream.
Soars and circles over the roof of the block.
Beats against the hard fists of the walls:
Craving for life - tenacious weed -
Gives us strength
Break the impotence.
And yet you survived!
1 presenter On April 11, 1945, the prisoners of Buchenwald raised an uprising against the Nazis and were released. It seems so long ago. But not for those who went through the horrors of German torture chambers. Nadezhda Trofimovna Maltseva ended up in a concentration camp at the age of 16, Vera Timofeevna Savitskaya - at 15, Tsmykaylo Elizaveta Safronovna - at 17. Memories - hunger, exhausting labor in factories, in the master's farmsteads, endless humiliation and beatings.
2 leading Alexander Alekseevich Khutornoy at the age of 4 became a prisoner of a concentration camp in Poland, then in Austria. The Nazis sent Baturina Maria Fedorovna to the camp at the age of 5. Vitaly Andreevich Mikhailov was in his second year when he ended up in the Salaspils death camp with his mother and sister. Nikolai Nikolaevich Chizhikov ended up in one of the concentration camps in Lithuania at the age of one, Lyudmila Ivanovna Andreeva ended up in a concentration camp at the age of 3. Most of them were so small that they could not remember in which camps they were kept; blessed memory did not retain terrible details, except for some episodes.
1 presenter Alexandra Alekseevna Miltseva, a seven-year-old child, ended up in one of the concentration camps on the territory of Karelia. He vividly remembers one moment - hungry children crawled out of the camp in search of food, the guards caught them and furiously threw the emaciated children onto the barbed wire fence.
2 leading Many of the prisoners living in our city went through the crucible of the most terrible of the Nazi concentration camps - Dachau, Salaspils, Auschwitz, Buchenwald ...
1 presenter Many of the parishioners of St. Sophronius Church have known his altar boy, Viktor Stepanovich Efimov, for many years, but they are not even aware of how tragic his life story is, which became the basis of the feature film “Remember Your Name”. The memory of Viktor Stepanovich still tenaciously keeps all the smallest details of his childhood. He recalls how wonderful the summer of 1941 was and how glorious he, a six-year-old boy and his two sisters, rested at a children's dacha near Brest, where his parents served - a career officer and a military paramedic. It was there in the early June morning that the children were awakened by the rumble of aircraft and the explosions of shells: the war had begun. The wounded children and adults were taken by Soviet soldiers to Brest. When it became clear that he would not survive, it was decided to save the women and children, giving them to the mercy of the enemy. So little Victor with his sisters and mother ended up in the Latvian camp Salaspils.
2 leading V Salaspils The Germans set up a children's blood factory, pumping blood from children's blood vessels for the needs of their army. Even newborn babies were used for this purpose.
1 presenter Only babies with signs of the disease and those whose skin was covered with ulcers were not touched. Therefore, the older children scratched the faces of the little ones, soiled them with mud and thus saved them from death ...
2 leading During the period from the end of 1942 to 1944, up to 12,000 Soviet children passed through the Salaspils camp.
Song "Salaspils"
Video
1 presenter The children brought to Salaspils from Brest were torn from their mothers and “weeded out”: everyone who was dark-eyed, black-haired and did not overcome the meter mark in height was shot or burned in the crematorium. Victor and his sisters, fortunately, were tall, blue-eyed and fair-haired. From Salaspils the children were taken to Auschwitz.
2 hostAuschwitz- death camp, a huge territory of 40 sq. km. The wall is up to eight meters high. Inside - brick barracks under an iron roof, outside the gate with the inscription: "Work makes free." Near the gate, morning and evening, the camp band plays Strauss, "welcoming people going to work or ... to the crematorium." More than 4 million people were killed in Auschwitz.
Reader
We come from a crucified childhood
Where did the father or mother die?
And we inherited the memory
To pass it on to grandchildren.
We came from the barracks of Auschwitz
Where we were burned alive in furnaces.
To this day, no one believes
That they returned and even live ...
1 presenter Everything that we learn today from archival sources, books and films, Viktor Stepanovich had to go through in reality: for four years he, like thousands of other children, was the experimental "material" for the famous fascist biologist Josef Mengel. Electrodes were implanted into his brain, blood was pumped out of his veins, and cerebrospinal fluid was pumped out of his spine, replacing it with some solutions, he was infected with typhus and tested new drugs on him, frozen in a bath of water, and then thawed, testing the body's ability to revival. How many times has this child found himself in a line selected for burning in a gas furnace! The fact that he survived can be called a miracle, or it can be called the intercession of God. After all, it was not for nothing that he wore a small icon around his neck, found in the ruins of the Brest Fortress. Many times the Nazis, seeing the icon on the boy's neck, left him life.
2 leading Viktor Stepanovich says that emaciated, downtrodden, crippled children who were in constant fear forgot their names, their relatives, their country, their language. Once, in a typhoid fever, the boy saw the image of a beautiful woman, so similar to his mother, and he remembered his mother's words: "Son, remember your name, your name is Victor, Vitya." These words became the title of the film, in which the main character was played by Lyudmila Kasatkina. Viktor Stepanovich met her years later, on the shores of Lake Baikal, told her the story of his life, which formed the basis of the film's storyline.
An excerpt from the movie "Remember Your Name"
Video
1 presenter After the liberation of Auschwitz, Victor was treated in England for some time. Then he was adopted by the Czech Karl Kraychevich, who, looking for his relatives, met his mother in the Methausen women's concentration camp, who conjured him to look for her son Vitya, a boy with blue eyes and gray hair. The Czech family warmed the boy with love, care and attention.
2 leading But Victor, who by that time had already turned fourteen, rushed to his homeland, to his mother and sisters. He returned to the Soviet Union, where, despite the intercession of G. Zhukov himself, he was recognized as a traitor to the Motherland and given three years in the camps. Already after Stalin's release and death, he served in the army, graduated as an external student from a ten-year course, an institute. The sisters were also found with their mother, who, after the German camps, also ended up in the Stalinist camp. After graduation, he went to live in Irkutsk, to live with his younger sister, and worked at the Baikal Pulp and Paper Mill. He came to Ust-Ilimsk in 1974, worked in responsible positions in the timber industry complex. He raised three sons, now he serves God... and calls himself a happy person: "I survived, I still live, I raised wonderful children and I have the strength to serve."
1 presenter Victor Stepanovich! We ask you to say a few words to the topics. Who is in our hall today.
1 presenter Dear veterans, today we tell you again and again Thank you for surviving! For the fact that you all went through and won! And they built houses after the war, raised bread and children!
Greetings to you
Alexander Alekseevich Sitnikov, Deputy Mayor of our city
Sivkova Natalia Vasilievna, representative of the social protection of the city
2 leading(please list)
1 presenter Fascism is a tragedy for many peoples who were threatened with mass extermination,
2 leading it is the acrid smoke of crematoria and the monstrous death conveyor.
Reader We must not forget what fascism brought to mankind,
we must not forget the ominous shadows of the executioners who cold-bloodedly and ruthlessly killed prisoners of war,
1 presenter who tortured millions of innocents in concentration camps,
2 leading who turned flourishing cities and villages into ruins, a conviction in their racial superiority over other peoples.
For you, who survived the horrors of Nazi concentration camps, but managed to keep love and spring in your heart, it sounds
"Russian Waltz" performed by the vocal group "Inspiration".
2 leading
We thank you, dear veterans, for finding the strength to come to us today, you, the guests of our evening, for your participation and attention. As well as
we thank Marina Emelyanova, the vocal group "Inspiration" (school number 17), Viktor Gritsunik, a cadet of the military sports club "Vityaz" for a heartfelt performance
You can order the full version of the presentation in the library
them. Y. Fedotova
To view a presentation with pictures, design, and slides, download its file and open it in PowerPoint on your computer.
Text content of presentation slides: April 11 International Day for the Liberation of Prisoners of Nazi Concentration Camps Tens of millions of people languished in Nazi camps and prisons created during the war years both in Germany and in the occupied countries. In Germany alone, more than two thousand concentration camps and their branches contained 18 million people, of which 11 million were destroyed. The forges of death are named: Auschwitz (destroyed 4 million people), Majdanek (1 million 380 thousand), Treblinka (800,000), Mauthausen (123,000), Buchenwald (56,000). There were also children among the prisoners. Forcibly separated from their parents, driven away from their homes, hidden behind barbed wire, they died by the thousands from hunger and disease, from pseudo-medical experiments and forced donation. In Salaspils alone, 3,500 liters of blood have been pumped out from children. Behind every drop of blood is a human tragedy. The slogan Arbeit macht frei is the motto of most concentration camps. The last hope of the prisoners. . At all times, in all wars, there have been killed and prisoners, but in no war have children suffered so much. Fascism did not recognize age differences. The splendidly debugged Nazi machine of extermination of people crushed everyone with the same accuracy and ruthlessness: decrepit old men, flourishing women, newborn babies. Day and night smoke-whether the crematoria of countless death camps on the territory of Germany itself and on the territories of the occupied states. Like a black rash, the network of these camps covered the body of Europe. Today there is a museum here and you can often see children coming on excursions, and then there were also many children here. But they didn't come here of their own free will. In the corner where there was no icon In the camp barracks, in the dark, Grandmother bowed On her knees, in the stench, in the dark. Save them and have mercy! ... L. Golodyaevskaya We are all children of the past wars With a difficult, bitter fate. And how many of those in this world Who never came home. our way home was long. Tatyana Mironova Child labor was mercilessly exploited at military installations of the Third Reich, at secret factories and training grounds, they were used to conduct inhuman medical experiments, they took blood for the needs of the Eastern Front. From the very beginning of the war, the methods of the Nazis' treatment of Soviet prisoners of war were determined by Nazi ideology. The German political and military leadership regarded Soviet prisoners of war not only as representatives of an inferior race, but also as a potential threat, an obstacle to Germany's conquest of a new "living space". Soviet prisoners of war The Germans cared little about providing shelter for Soviet prisoners. In the end, the German authorities organized temporary camps, but the lack of proper food, clothing and shelter led to high mortality. Often the prisoners had to dig holes in the ground for themselves in order to somehow protect themselves from bad weather. By the end of 1941, epidemics (mainly typhoid and dysentery) became the main cause of death. In October alone, prisoners were often given special "Russian" bread made from straw flour and sugar beet rind. Numerous reports dating back to the late summer and autumn of 1941 reported that in many camps, malnourished and desperate prisoners of war tried to satisfy their hunger by eating grass and leaves. Many prisoners of this death camp ended up in the crematorium. A roll of cloth woven from the hair of 40,000 prisoners. The fabric was used in one automobile concern.
"Memory of the Heart" is dedicated to the prisoners of concentration camps.
Presenter - April 11 is annually celebrated as the International Day of the Liberation of Prisoners of Nazi Concentration Camps. On April 11, 1945, the prisoners of the Buchenwald concentration camp - one of the most terrible death camps - raised an international uprising against the Nazis and were released. In total, more than 14,000 concentration camps operated on the territory of Germany and the countries occupied by it. During the years of the Second World War, 18 million people passed through the death camps, of which more than 5 million were citizens of the Soviet Union.
Student - In 1937, 71 years ago, the Buchenwald concentration camp opened its gates. 71 years ago, the Nazi death factory of Buchenwald officially started operating. 71 years ago, the first prisoners saw their sentence on its gates: "To each his own." Over the years of Buchenwald's existence, more than 150 thousand people have entered these gates. And more than 120,000 of them have never left here.
Disciple - Camp gates with the inscription "To each his own" and barbed wire have survived to this day. Now it is the entrance to the Buchenwald Memorial Museum. There are only a few buildings on hundreds of square meters. The medical unit, where the Nazis conducted experiments on prisoners, watchtowers, a weapons workshop and a crematorium - that's all that remains of the death camp. In place of the barracks where thousands of prisoners lived, there is now a field and stones with numbers: block 3, block 5, block 17. Concentration camps are the place where mass murder was put on the conveyor.
Reading a 9th grade student Klochkov Artyom
For prisoners of concentration camps
Alexey Yatsenko Krasnyansky April 11, 1945. Who remembers this date? Who remembers the tragedy of peoples? Only those who became part of it once? Books about the war Turning pages. These pages-souls in me Shout with voices furiously. He was fascinated before by Unsurpassed beauty, And in his heart he took with him a particle of this beauty. Here Goethe embodied dreams, Schiller, Bach and Liszt worked. The world was beautiful, bright, clean. Auschwitz, Dachau, Treblinka, Majdanek, Mauthausen, Buchenwald ... - Such music began to sound. 1936 in Buchenwald A beginning was laid. Los! Los! - where will they take you? To the right or through the appelplatz - To the crematorium or they will wait, And they will let you live one more time. Whether today, tomorrow they will be burned. Chimneys are smoking, singing souls, Releasing to heaven in five minutes Whole destinies, lives ... past. Auschwitz, Dachau, Treblinka, Majdanek, Mauthausen, Buchenwald… 1100 concentration camps. 18 million human destinies. 11 million deaths. This is the statistical result. History has no soul, History has numbers and dates. They stand guard over it, Like loyal soldiers. Dachau, Treblinka, Majdanek, Mauthausen, Buchenwald...
Pupil - The first Soviet prisoners of war arrived in Buchenwald on September 16, 1941. According to memoirs, they were officers and political workers. The whole group, 300 people, was shot in a shooting range on the territory of the DAV plant. Their names could not be established. On October 18, 1941, about 2,000 Soviet prisoners of war were transferred to Buchenwald. This group was assigned to work on the expansion of the camp and was located separately in the western part of the camp.
Student - Eyewitness account:
“... Around the middle of October, we, more than 2,000 people, were loaded onto railway cars and taken in an unknown direction. We didn't get any food. The carriages were cramped and stuffy. Many comrades died from lack of air, crowding and hunger. ... We were unloaded in Weimar, and from there the SS men drove us along the road into the forest, up the mountain. On the way we were beaten with clubs and set on us by shepherd dogs. Comrades who lagged behind were immediately shot. The roadsides were littered with corpses. ... By evening, we approached the Buchenwald concentration camp. ... We were placed in wooden barracks, which were separated from the rest of the camp by a barbed wire fence. There were no windows in the barracks, no chairs, no beds, nothing…”
Student - At the end of 1941, 1903 Soviet prisoners of war were registered in Buchenwald. The shot and dead are not included in the reporting documents. Pupil - In January 1942, by order of the inspection of concentration camps from Buchenwald, part of the prisoners of war was sent to work in the quarries.
Disciple - There were 52 main barracks in the camp. However, many prisoners were placed in tents during the winter: not a single person survived from the cold. The prisoners were often given special "Russian" bread made from straw flour and sugar beet rind. Numerous reports dating back to the late summer and autumn of 1941 reported that in many camps, malnourished and desperate prisoners of war tried to satisfy their hunger by eating grass and leaves.
Disciple - Infectious diseases raged in the camp. Almost all the prisoners suffered from diarrhea and often defecated right in the barracks. The "streets" of the camp were not fortified and were slippery. Many prisoners wearing wooden shoes were injured. If an injured prisoner could not work, he was shot.
Pupil - Labor in a concentration camp can be described as a means of physical destruction of prisoners and as a means of economic exploitation.
Disciple - Many medical experiments were carried out on the prisoners, as a result of which most died a painful death. Prisoners were infected with typhus, tuberculosis and other dangerous diseases in order to test the effect of vaccines against the causative agents of these diseases. Diseases developed very quickly into epidemics due to overcrowding in the barracks, insufficient hygiene, poor nutrition, and also because these diseases were not treated.
Student - In concentration camps and death camps there was a group of SS doctors who conducted their criminal "medical experiments" on prisoners. These actions, which had nothing to do with science, caused indescribable suffering to the prisoners and often hastened their death. We are talking about a group of doctors who sought to achieve personal success in the field of medicine. Motivated by boundless ambition and sadistic instincts, they did not stop at using people as guinea pigs.
Disciple - People were operated on without anesthesia, their genitals were removed, ruthlessly sterilized and castrated, sometimes with the help of X-rays. The prisoners were tested for their ability to withstand low atmospheric pressure and low body temperatures. Other experiments were also carried out in Buchenwald: experiments on infection with yellow fever, smallpox, paratitis, diphtheria. determined for what body weight and for what age group, what dose of a poisonous substance is sufficient to cause death.
The Apprentice - Karl and Ilse Koch ran the death conveyor in the Buchenwald concentration camp. Karl Koch was appointed commandant of Buchenwald from 1939. While Koch reveled in power, watching the daily destruction of people, his wife took even greater pleasure in the torment of prisoners. In the camp, they were more afraid of her than the commandant himself. The sadist's favorite entertainment was setting a ferocious shepherd dog on teenagers, she was delighted when the dog bit the children alive.
We are all children of the past war
With a hard, bitter fate.
And how many of those in the world
Who never came home.
We remember bunks, we remember whips
And the furnaces have a dying howl.
We are the camps of fascist children
And our way home was long.
Tatiana Mironova
Child labor was mercilessly exploited at military installations of the Third Reich, at secret factories and training grounds, they were used to conduct inhuman medical experiments, they took blood for the needs of the Eastern Front.
In the corner where there was no icon
In the camp barracks, in the dark
Grandmother beat off bows
On my knees, in the stench, in the dark.
Prayed in a whisper, barely audible
She prayed earnestly, with passionate power:
- Please save the children, God Almighty.
God! Save them and have mercy!... L. GolodyaevskayaStudent - Later, Ilsa Koch was nicknamed "Frau Lampshade". She used the dressed skin of murdered men to create a variety of household utensils, which she was extremely proud of. Even her SS colleagues felt uncomfortable when Frau Koch showed off lampshades made from human skin. She found the skin of gypsies and Russian prisoners of war with tattoos on the chest and back to be the most suitable for crafts. This allowed things to be made "highly decorative". According to Frau Koch, the skin from people must be removed live, only then the products from it turn out to be especially beautiful.
Disciple - The main goal of the Nazis in the camp was the destruction of human dignity, the transformation of people into animals. To do this, often in front of the line of prisoners, the Nazis organized torture and bullying of the Red Army.
Pupil - On April 11, 1945, the prisoners of Buchenwald, having learned about the approach of the allied troops, successfully carried out an armed uprising, disarmed and captured more than 800 SS men and soldiers of the guard at the cost of the lives of thousands of prisoners, took over the leadership of the camp, and only two days later they waited for the arrival of the American soldier. The Nazi authorities on the eve gave the order for the physical extermination of all prisoners. Tens of thousands of innocent people from 18 European countries were to be destroyed in one day.
Student - At a mourning meeting dedicated to the memory of the murdered comrades, on April 19, 1945, Buchenwald prisoners of all nationalities took an oath, which was then known to the whole world, but now, unfortunately, forgotten: “... we will stop fighting only when the last fascist the criminal will appear before the court of the nations. The destruction of fascism with all its roots is our task.”
Disciple - The killing of people in the death camps was put on the conveyor. The events described above took place not only in Buchenwald. The death camps designed for massacres were Chełmno, Belzec, Sobibor, Majdanek, Auschwitz and thousands of others.
Pupil - In April 1967, a monument to the victims of the Birkenau concentration camp was unveiled. The monument consists of the main monument and 20 slabs lying at its base. The inscriptions on them are made in the languages of the peoples whose representatives were tortured here (the plate with the text in Russian is the seventh from the left). The content of the text on all the plates is the same: “Let this place be forever a cry of despair and warning for mankind, where the Nazis destroyed about one and a half million men, women and children.
Pupil - The events and facts of the history of concentration camps are only a background for understanding where, when and in what conditions, due to tragic circumstances, the Soviet people found themselves. Their names and fates are mostly unknown. But all of them were soldiers and participants in that terrible war and deserve their share of memory.
We are too few to scatter the memory of millions.
Disciple - One of the main sources of citizenship is the memory of the past. “It is not only possible, but necessary, to be proud of the glory of your ancestors. Not to respect it - there is shameful cowardice, ”wrote A.S. Pushkin. Knowledge of the history of one's ancestors contributes to the development of an active life position, primarily patriotism and citizenship. Love for the Motherland is always concrete. Love for your home, your native city, people living around us and devoting their lives to serving the Motherland - this is love for the Motherland. In order to truly love your Motherland, you need to know its history well, the people who created this history.
Host - After the horrors of war, occupation, concentration camps, no one could even think about the possibility of the revival of fascism on Earth. But years passed, and in some countries people who openly supported the ideas of nationalism and fascism came to power. Under the guise of love for their people, the desire to benefit their country, they organize marches of former SS men in the squares, erect obelisks, while destroying monuments to the soldiers-liberators, pursuing veterans of the Great Patriotic War.
We must remember that Russia is a multinational country, and this is our strength. Studying history, you and I will make sure more than once that aggressive ideas are alien to us Russians. And today we must be able to resist the ideas of fascism, chauvinism and nationalism. We are called to this by the blood of our compatriots, given for a just cause, for our bright future.
Sounds Buchenwald alarm "
Presentation