Power line support and their installation. Installation of a pole for electricity.

Infrastructure distribution of power grids over long distances, as a rule, provides for the organization of air networks. As the delivery circuits are selected for the operation of which use special supports. These are structures on which wires and associated fittings are fixed. Depending on the application conditions and network characteristics, power transmission towers of various types can be used. In the future, the quality of the organized network will depend on the installation and technical support of the line.

General information about power transmission towers

The support entering the power line performs the tasks of supporting the wires and optimum tension. Each support has in its design a special accessories for fixing cable lines. In this case, the purpose of the route itself may also vary. This also applies to current transmission lines, fiber optic communication networks, and telephone wires. The route’s belonging to one of the above-mentioned categories partly determines what technology will be used for the installation of power transmission towers at a specific section. So, the higher the voltage, the more responsible the installation. Auxiliary elements in the form of clamps and clips will also affect the quality of installation. And this is not to mention the need to obtain a sufficient distance from the wires to the ground and the support body. Complex sections of the network require the development and preliminary calculation of the project on which the installation operations will be carried out.

Types of supports as intended

The supports are intermediate, with anchor support, angular and special. The most common intermediate structures installed on straight sections of lines. They perform the tasks of supporting cable routes and do not rely on the additional strain loads. Anchor structures are also mounted on straight sections, but, in addition to supporting the wires, they can also perceive the load from the tension. For this reason, power lines are durable and durable. As for the corner supports, they are used in difficult areas with turns and transitions. Such structures are charged with their own lines, but longitudinal loads may be transferred from the tension of adjacent networks. Sophisticated configurations of main, transitional and branched ligaments provide special supports. Often they are made for operation in the framework of specific projects of the organization of power lines.

Varieties of material manufacturing

Reinforced concrete is the most durable material for supporting structures. These are molded beams with a rectangular cross section, the structure of which is provided by metal rods. The advantages also include resistance to biological, chemical and climatic influences. Metal structures are similar to reinforced concrete in some strength properties, but they are used less often due to weak protection from rust processes. But the most affordable solution is wood - such models cost 1-3 thousand rubles. average. For comparison: reinforced concrete power transmission towers are available in the market for 5-7 thousand. But wood is a short-lived element of the infrastructure and requires updating in the first years of operation. An alternative option may be a composite pillar. This material, like wood, is characterized by lightness and protection from corrosion, but at the same time it does not undergo processes of biological destruction. However, the composite costs more than reinforced concrete.

Installation of power transmission lines up to 1 kV

Installation is carried out in several stages, but first preparatory activities are carried out. If necessary, the installation points should be cleared and in some cases further strengthened. If installation is planned through forest zones, then cutting is not necessary. The average distance between power transmission towers is 35-40 m, and the attachment points must be chosen so that trees and shrubs are located 1-2 m from the pole.

Next, drilling or digging the pit. If you plan to install reinforced concrete or metal supports, you will need special equipment and a solution that forms the foundation for the integration of supports. The special equipment by drills will prepare a hole in which the pillar will be installed. Manually dig holes with a depth of about 30-50 cm. This option is suitable for power lines or composite analogue. After fixing the pole, traverses, insulators and brackets are mounted. Fixing the wires themselves in simple circuits is performed by wire knitting.

Features of installation of supports up to 10 kV

In this case, supports of large sizes, having a large weight and a high level of operational responsibility, are used. Therefore, the mounting technology has its differences. In particular, to strengthen the lower part of the support in the ground requires the development of excavation pits. The very same installation of power transmission poles can not do without pouring the foundation into a prepared niche. Special attention is devoted to ensuring the reliability of the design. Thus, in order to protect against fires and other damaging processes, a kind of insulating trench is formed around the installation point. The radius is usually about 1-2 m. What else is important: the grounding of such supports is made of rod-shaped vertical elements made of angular steel.

Conclusion

Overhead power lines in the overall structure can perform not only the tasks of distribution and delivery of energy. Frequently the circuit also acts as a communication channel for auxiliary needs. Another thing is that most of them also focus on the technical support of local infrastructure. In this context, power transmission towers are of particular importance, since not only wires are attached to them, but also additional functional fittings. Also, the technology of organizing transmission lines provides for the creation of service points. These are important areas where personnel can take preventive measures - for example, assess the level of line voltage, etc.

There are two main types of power line poles. Intermediate (80-90% of all supports) for fastening wires and anchoring for tension. Intermediate supports are installed on straight sections of the line. Intermediate corner supports are located at the angles of rotation of the line. At large angles of rotation, anchor angular bearings are installed.

Power transmission poles or racks are made of various materials:

Reinforced Concrete - is made from metal-reinforced concrete for lines 35-110 kV. The advantage of reinforced concrete supports is their durability, and the disadvantage is a lot of weight, defects during transportation and difficulty in installing in hard-to-reach places.

Metal, steel supports  - made of special steel grades. For assembly, additional elements are welded or bolted. The surface of metal supports is covered with anti-corrosion coatings.

Power transmission towers are installed for installation of power lines and serve as anchorage and suspension for electrical wires.

Wooden poles  - made of logs. Wooden supports are used for lines with voltage up to 220/380 volts. Advantages of supports - low cost, lack - the fragility of wood.

Composite supports  - A new type of support. The advantages of composite pillars are dielectric properties, resistance to climatic conditions, low weight is 4 times lighter than wooden and 3 times lighter than metal supports, which makes them an ideal solution for difficult installation conditions.

Our company performs work on the installation of all types of electric poles, racks and power transmission poles. Using specialized transport, delivery of power transmission lines to the installation site is carried out, excluding the use of additional equipment, we reduce the cost of work. Large assortment, reasonable prices for a concrete pole for electricity, consultations on choice, installation technology rules.

Specialists of our company will take into account various factors when choosing types of supports, their delivery and installation, taking into account the types of soils and terrain.

High-quality installation of electric poles of power lines in compliance with the rules and regulations.

• installation of vibrated reinforced concrete racks of power lines: SV-95 (0.38 kV), SV-105 (6-10 kV), SV-110 (6-10 kV), SV-164 (35 kV).
• installation of lighting poles: not power, power, decorative, landscape gardening and landscape.
• installation of wooden columns from 6.5 to 13 meters impregnated with water-soluble antiseptic CCA.

Installation of a pole for electricity

Installation of power line poles  and their names, is made in full compliance with the requirements of the technological map developed for each case, which describes the procedure for performing installation work, the technology of work and the necessary technical means. In most cases, drilling of holes and installation of lighting poles is carried out by hole, in some cases drilling is done manually if the equipment cannot be reached.

Construction is carried out in stages. There is a marking of the route, the required number of racks and slopes for the installation of transmission lines is determined, the average distance from one support to another is determined, and spaces for their installation are marked.

Then follows the drilling of the desired hole diameters in the ground and installation of power transmission poles and pillars. At this stage, a special technique is used, for example, an auto-all-terrain vehicle with a manipulator function, which allows you to quickly drill a hole of the desired diameter and depth and install a pole. Some of the anchor poles and intermediate supports, such as wood and metal, as well as landscape gardening are set manually due to the impossibility of using a crane or manipulator. After placement in the support hole, it is aligned vertically with a level or level. Filled with soil, gradually rammed every 20 centimeters. This installation support is complete.

TYPICAL TECHNOLOGICAL CARD FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION LINES

INSTALLATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SUPPORT OF ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION LINES

1 AREA OF USE

1 AREA OF USE

A typical technological map (TTC) is drawn up for the installation of reinforced concrete pylons of power lines (PTL).

The TTK is intended to familiarize workers and engineers and technicians with the rules of work, as well as to use in the development of work projects, construction projects, and other organizational and technological documentation.

2. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Reinforced concrete pillars

For the construction of overhead lines with voltage up to 750 kV inclusively reinforced concrete supports are widely used. Currently, the share of overhead lines with reinforced concrete supports is about 80% of the length of all lines under construction.

Reinforced concrete supports have high mechanical strength, are durable and do not require large expenses during operation. Labor costs for their assembly are significantly lower than for wood and metal. The disadvantage of reinforced concrete supports is a large mass, which increases the cost of transportation costs and necessitates the use of high-capacity cranes during assembly and installation.

In reinforced concrete supports, steel reinforcement perceives the main forces in tension, and in compression, concrete. Approximately identical coefficients of temperature expansion of steel and concrete exclude the appearance of internal stresses in reinforced concrete with temperature changes. Positive quality of reinforced concrete is also reliable protection of metal reinforcement against corrosion. The lack of reinforced concrete - the formation of cracks in it.

To increase the crack resistance of reinforced concrete structures, prestressing of reinforcement is used, which creates additional compression of concrete. Steel bars of a periodic profile or round, rods and seven-wire steel strands are used as reinforcement.

The main elements of reinforced concrete pillars are racks, traverses, cable-resistant and crossbars.

Reinforced concrete pillars of annular section (conic and cylindrical) are manufactured on special centrifugal machines (centrifuges) that form and compact concrete. Racks of rectangular cross-section are produced by a vibrating method, in which the compaction of concrete in the forms is carried out with vibrators. For power lines with a voltage of 110 kV and above, only centrifuged racks are used, and for overhead transmission lines up to 35 kV - both centrifuged and vibrated.

Centrifuged conical racks of the SK are manufactured in six standard sizes with a length of 19.5–26 m (butt diameter 560 and 650 mm), and cylindrical SC — seven standard sizes with a length of 22.2– 26.4 m (butt diameter 560 mm). The production of new centrifuged cylindrical struts 20 m long and 800 mm in diameter started, on the basis of which free-standing anchor-angle supports for overhead lines up to 330 kV inclusive were developed, as well as intermediate portal supports 40 m high, consisting of two racks connected by flanges.

Vibrated stands of rectangular section have a length of 16.4 m and a section of the upper and lower parts, respectively, 200x200 and 380x380 mm. VL supports with a voltage of up to 10 kV apply vibrated racks of START 9.5 and 11 m long with a cross section of the lower part from 170x170 to 280x185 mm, as well as centrifuged conical racks with a length of 10 and 11 m with a lower base diameter of 320-335 mm and upper 170 mm, with through holes for fastening snap.

Overhead line towers up to 1 kV.  On overhead lines up to 1 kV, standardized reinforced concrete free-standing single-pillar (intermediate), as well as single-pillar with struts and A-shaped (angular, anchor and end) supports are installed. In some cases, anchor and corner supports are assembled from two vertical posts installed side by side.

From the vibrated racks of strategic offensive weapons, one-rack supports and supports with struts, designed for suspension from two to nine overhead lines and two to four wires of the radio network, are assembled. All types of bearings have steel traverses with welded pins. Racks with a height of 9.5 and 11 m are equipped with embedded parts with holes that allow fixing the traverse with one bolt. On these supports, you can install outdoor lighting fixtures, cable boxes and brackets for branching wires.

In Fig.1, a-b, ferro-concrete supports with conical centrifuged racks 10.1 m long and wooden crossbars of impregnated bar with a section of 100x80 mm are shown. Intermediate supports (Fig. 5, a) consist of pillars 1 and traverse 4. In weak soils or with a large number of wires, they are reinforced with bolts.

Fig.1. Reinforced concrete pylons VL up to 1 kV:

A - intermediate, b - angular, c - anchor (end); 1 - centrifuged conic stand, 2 - brace, 3 - pins, 4 - traverses, 5 - underfloater, 6, 7 - anchor and base plate

The angular A-shaped supports (fig. 1, b) have two posts of the same length, the tops (fig. 2) of which are interconnected by plates 2 and double cross-beams 3. The crossbars are fixed to the infusions with through-bolts and connected to each other for rigidity by the slats 6. On the rack working on stretching (see Figure 1, b), set the anchor plate 6, which increases the resistance of the support to pull out, and on the compressed rack - the support plate 7, which reduces the specific load on the ground.

Fig.2. The top. A-shaped corner reinforced concrete pylon overhead line up to 1 kV:

1 - centrifuged pillars, 2 - plate, 3 - traverse, 4 - pins, 5 - traverse mounting bolts, 6 - strips

The terminal A-shaped supports (see Fig. 1, c) are similar in design to the angular ones and differ from them in fixing the cross-arms (applied paddle plates 5).

Work is underway to create fiberglass beams, single-post anchor and corner supports. Separate sections of overhead lines with such cross-arms and supports are in pilot operation.

Supports VL 6-10 kV.  On VL 6-10 kV single-rack-mount intermediate, single-rack-mount with struts and A-shaped - corner, end and anchor supports are used. Single-rack intermediate supports made of vibrated racks of START (Fig. 3, a) are equipped with a cross-bar 2, designed for the suspension of three aluminum wires with a cross section of up to 120 mm. On single-column with angled strut (Fig. 3, b) and anchor supports from the same racks, the struts 5 are fixed with metal brackets 4, and the wires - on separate steel crossbars 3 for each phase.

Fig.3. Reinforced concrete single-post supports of VL 6-10 kV:

A - intermediate, b - angular with a strut; 1 - stand, 2, 3 - steel traverses, 4 - bracket for mounting the strut, 5 - strut

Intermediate, as well as corner, end and anchor A-shaped supports made of centrifuged racks have standard wooden traverses with a cross-section of 100x80 mm (they are fastened with through bolts and braces), as well as apical pins.

Supports VL 35-500 kV.  On the 35-500 kV overhead line, unified free-standing and single-pillar and portal supports (Fig. 4, a-b) are used, the main elements of which are stand 1, crossheads 2 and cable-resistant 3. Stand 1 has waterproofing the lower part of a length of 3.2 m, made of asphalt bitumen varnish. To prevent moisture from getting inside the rack, there are caps installed at its ends. The bottom cover, in addition, increases the bearing area of ​​the rack, which increases the strength of its incorporation into the ground. In the upper part of the rack there are through holes for fixing the cross-arms. Inside along the rack, a special grounding slope is laid in the concrete.

Fig.4. Intermediate concrete supports:

A, b - single-rack single and double-chain for 35-220 kV overhead lines, portal with a metal cross-beam for 330-kV overhead lines, 1 - stand, 2 - cross-arms, 3 - cable-resistant

The traverses are fastened to the rack through bolts (Fig.5, a) or clamps (Fig.5, b). In traverses and cable toes make holes for the installation of special brackets, clamps, rollers, which fasten the fittings of fittings - earrings or brackets. Cable-resistant have a welded metal structure and are attached to the rack with clamps.

Fig.5. Fastening traverses to the posts of reinforced concrete supports:

A - through bolts; b - clamps

On the 35-220 kV overhead lines, reinforced single-pillar self-supporting single- and double-chain supports with conical and cylindrical struts are installed as intermediate (Fig.4, a, b), and on the 330-500 kV overhead lines - single-chain portal with metal cross-arms (see. .4, c).

Single-pillar reinforced concrete piers with tie rods are used as corner anchors on 35-110 kV overhead lines, and metal ones are used on higher voltage lines.

In recent years, single-rack free-standing reinforced concrete supports having racks with a diameter of 800 mm have begun to be used as corner anchors on 110-330 kV overhead lines.

Assembly of reinforced concrete pillars

Reinforced concrete supports, as a rule, are assembled in accordance with the technological maps developed for each type of support, which indicate the procedure for laying out the parts (racks, crossbars, crossbars, etc.), the sequence of operations, as well as the recommended fixtures.

The supports are collected on a flat platform, cleaned of foreign objects. In this case, the racks of the poles of 35 kV overhead lines and above lays the crew of riggers when unloading them on the highway onto wooden pads, and the racks of the poles of the overhead lines up to 10 kV - the crew of their assembly. Lined racks should not interfere with the approach of the earthmoving machine or crane.

When assembling single-post supports, they fix on the rack the factory-made and equipped traverses, wire rope and beams, lay the grounding descent (if it is provided by the project), put numbering and warning posters.

Single-rack VL towers up to 10 kV from vibrated racks are assembled in the following sequence: lift the pole of the pole with a device for lifting racks or with any lifting mechanism, fix the cross bar and grounding slope on it (if necessary) and lower the pole to the ground. The supports from the centrifuged racks are assembled in two ways: they lift the top of the support with a device or rotate the rack around its longitudinal axis. In the second method, the rack is first deployed on the lining so that the through-holes for the bolts are horizontal, and bolts are inserted into them for fastening the apical pins (on 6-10 kV overhead lines), cross-arms and braces. Then turn the rack so that the heads of the bolts were at the bottom, put the bar on the bolts, bracing, set and tighten the nuts. After that, plastic caps are stuffed onto the pins, insulators are screwed onto them, kern nuts of the bolts are put, and the support number, the year of its installation and the warning poster are put on the stencil rack.

When assembling supports in a populated area, a double-pin head is used for double fastening of wires instead of the apical pin, and four-pin instead of a two-pin traverse. If necessary, install base plates or crossbars.

The assembly of single-post single- and double-chain cable towers for high-voltage lines of 35-110 kV begins with the layout of the parts (Fig. 6a). Then, with the help of a crane, the lower, middle and upper traverses 3 are fastened alternately to the rack 2 (the methods of fastening the traverses were shown in the special literature) and they install a wire rope. The assembled support (Figure 6, b) is dragged to the pit by wooden rollers or moved with a crane. Then set the bolts (Figure 6, c). The girder plane should be perpendicular to the plane of the traverse, therefore a small trench 7 is torn to place them.

Fig.6. Assembling of single-post double-chain reinforced concrete support for high voltage lines 35-110 kV:

A - laying out of parts, b - assembled support, c - installation of bolts, 1 - lining for the calculation of support, 2 - stand, 3 - traverse, 4 - traction link, 5 - cable-resistant, 6 - bolt, 7 - pit

The assembly of single-post supports with delays of overhead lines of 35-110 kV, depending on the method of their installation, is performed by various methods. If the support is lifted by the method of rotation (crane and tractor), its assembly begins with the installation of a hinge. First, drag the stand 4 to the foundation 10, raise its lower end with a jack and lay it on the lining 5. A supporting heel 2 is fixed to the end of the stand, to which the upper 6 part of the hinge is attached to the clamp 3. Then set on the foundation of the lower 8 part of the hinge, spread the rack on the lining, mount the traverse, cable resistance, fastener mounting parts.

When lifting the support only by crane, the hinges are not installed.

The assembly of the A-shaped corner supports of an overhead transmission line up to 10 kV is performed as follows. Spread the racks on the lining, bringing together their tops, and spread the lower ends on the design distance. Racks must be laid so that the bolt holes are upright. Then they lift the tops with a device or a crane and connect them: with two trapezoidal plates 2 with four bolts and welded apical pins. On both sides of the tops mount the traverse, fixed on the pins of the insulators, and on the racks - anchor and support plates. Immediately before lifting the support install mounting strut.

The assembly of the A-shaped anchor supports of an overhead transmission line up to 10 kV is performed in the same way as angular ones, but first, instead of the traverses, they install underframes, which are then attached to the traverse.

When assembling supports with a strut for VL up to 10 kV, traverses, ground slopes and, if necessary, slabs or beams are fixed on their racks, and brackets for fastening to the rack on the struts. Finally connect the struts with the racks directly during installation of the supports.

When assembling portal supports with delays, they first spread and fix the ends of the posts in the hinges. Then, on the tops of the uprights, the fastening parts of the cross-arms are installed and the cross-arms and cable-resisting mounts are mounted, the fastening structures of the garlands are mounted on the cross-arms, and the fastening parts of the ropes are mounted on the cross-links. To enhance the rigidity of the portal support cross assembly braces. Cable straps are fixed at one end on racks and placed in coils. Portal free-standing supports collected in the same way (except for delays).

Work on the assembly of any supports ends with the installation of grounding parts. If there are upper and lower outlets on the racks (usually bolts) of the inner grounding rod, all the grounding elements are connected to the upper one, and the grounding earthers are connected to the lower ones (after the support is installed). If there are no grounding bolts, a grounding ram is laid along the entire length of the rack, which is fastened with wire bands, and grounded elements are attached to it.

When accepting the assembled supports check their compliance with the working drawings, taking into account the tolerances. So, single-post supports can have an inclination of the cross-arms of not more than 1/100 of their length and turning them in plan from the design position - not more than 100 mm (the end of the cross-arms). Particular attention is paid to the quality of bolted joints. The dimensions of the bolts and their anti-corrosion coating must comply with the design. The axis of the bolts should be perpendicular to the plane of the elements to be joined, and the threaded part should enter the parts to be joined no more than 1 mm. Heads of bolts and nuts should fit snugly to the washers and parts to be joined. The number of washers should be no more than three. Nuts must be tight and thread coated. The quality of the joints check probe thickness of 0.3 mm. The gauge should go into the joint of the adjoining elements to a depth of no more than 20 mm.

Data on the collected supports are recorded in the log indicating the main deviations from the project. Acceptance of supports is made by act.

Installation of single-column wooden and reinforced concrete poles of 35-220 kV overhead lines by crane. The relatively large mass and height of single-column wooden and reinforced concrete poles of 35-220 kV overhead lines do not allow the use of burokran machines for their installation. Therefore, such supports (Figure 7) raise cranes SMK-10, K-162 and other relevant capacity. The assembled support 2 is lifted by a crane and lowered into the pit 4 in the same way as the overhead line supports up to 10 kV. Upper bolts are usually fixed after installing the support, for which they dig a special trench, put a bolt into it with a crane and fasten it to the stand with hose clamps. Then the support is checked and the pit is filled up.

Fig.7. Installation of a single rack wooden (reinforced concrete) support for a 35-220 kV overhead line with a crane:

And - the display, b - rise and lowering in a ditch; 1 - crane boom, 2 - support, 3 - quickdraw, 4 - pit

Similarly, they install intermediate U-shaped wooden poles of 35-110 kV overhead lines weighing up to 2.5 tons.

When lifting single-column reinforced concrete supports 1 by the K-LEP-7 installation crane (Fig.8), they are laid out along the VL axis so that the lower end of the rack is 1.5 m from the center of the pit 3. Crane 2 with raised boom is brought to the support from the end face and mounted on outriggers 4. The extended telescopic boom is lowered onto the stand and fixed on it at two points. Then they lift the boom together with the support in a vertical position, lower the support into the pit, straighten it and fill it with soil.

Fig.8. Installation of one-rack-mount reinforced concrete support for high-voltage lines of 35-220 kV using a K-LEP-7 installation crane:

1 - a support, 2 - a crane, 3 - a ditch, 4 - portable supports (outriggers); I and II - support positions when lifting

Installation of single-rack reinforced concrete poles of 35-220 kV overhead lines with a crane and tractor  (Fig.9). If it is impossible to install the support with one crane (for example, in weak soils, where the excavation pit is excavated and the crane cannot come close), the assembled support 1 is laid out along the axis of the line above the excavated excavation 8 so that the lower end of the stand is 1.5-2 m from the edge of the pit (position I). Crane 4 is installed across the VL axis to the outriggers at a distance of 0.5-1 m from the center of gravity of the support at the edge of the excavation under the lower crosshead support two side braces 3 of a cable about 50 m long are attached and placed at two winches 2 installed at a distance of 25 -30 m from the VL axis and from the center of the pit. The brake cable 7, which goes to the tractor 6 winch, is attached to the support post, and a rope ladder is designed to the lower traverse to remove the braces after installation.

Fig.9. Installation of single-post reinforced concrete support for high-voltage lines of 35-220 kV with a crane and tractor:

1 — support, 2 — winch, 3 — side braces, 4 — crane, 5, 7 — traction and brake cables, 6 — tractor, 8 — pit, 10 and 11 — positions of support when lifting

At first, the support is lifted by a crane to the maximum possible height (at least by 30-45 °), while the bottom of the rack, braked by a tractor winch, is lowered into the pit. When the rack rests on the bottom of the pit (position II), the lifting of the support by the crane is stopped, the brake cable is uncoupled from the tractor and the tractor is transferred to the lifting of the support. For this purpose, the traction cable 5 is attached to the tractor winch and tensioned until the cargo cable of the crane is not weakened. After that, the sling of the crane is uncoupled from the support and the crane is transferred to braking. At the same time lateral winches pull braces. Further lifting of the support is continued by the tractor's traction winch, adjusting the position of the support along the VL axis with side braces. When approaching the vertical position, the support is braked by the same side braces. After alignment, the supports set the bolts and fall asleep the pit.

Similarly, U-shaped wooden poles of 110 kV overhead lines weighing over 2.5 tons are installed.

Sometimes the traction cable is attached not to the winch, but directly to the tractor and lift the support by moving the tractor. At the same time, special attention is paid to the fact that the tractor moves strictly along the axis of the overhead line, and the braces are always taut. In many cases, braces are attached not to winches, but to motor vehicles or tractors, which somewhat simplifies the installation of the support.

Single-post supports with braces are also installed by a crane and tractor. Prior to lifting, the legs of the supports are connected to the foundations with hinges around which the support is rotated during lifting. Braking the bottom of the support in this case is not required. Attach guy rods to the supports, using them as lateral stretch marks. After installing the support, the delays are attached to the previously mounted anchor plates and, by adjusting their tension, they straighten the support.

Corner supports with braces are installed with a slight inclination to the outer side of the angle of rotation of the overhead line, so that later under the tension of the mounted wires they occupy the design position.

3. ORGANIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF PERFORMANCE OF WORKS

Installation of supports

Work on the installation of supports includes preparatory operations, lifting operations and alignment of supports.

In the course of the preparatory operations, the foreman is obliged to inspect the route of the line segment, outline the paths of movement and installation of mechanisms, indicate the locations of the rigging devices. When working in cramped conditions (in the exclusion zone of roads, near existing power lines, etc.), the work manager must obtain permission from the relevant operating organizations to carry out the work and take a set of measures to ensure their safety.

Before lifting the poles, the position and readiness of the pits and foundations are checked, the assembled poles are inspected and, on the basis of the inspection and quality check of the work performed, the site manager makes a record of their installation permission.

The lifting of the supports can be carried out by a mobile crane, a mobile crane and a tractor, a falling boom, manually.

In addition to these methods, the installation of supports can be done with the help of helicopters, and special supports of high altitude - using the method of extension with the use of a creeping crane.

Installation of supports using a self-propelled crane is the most productive way. It is used if the lifting capacity and working stroke of the crane provide lifting of the support with the excess of its lower point above the foundation or the ground surface by at least 0.2-0.3 m.

When a crane lifts, for example, a single column support without crossbars, the crane is installed parallel to the axis of the route at a distance of 5 m from it. The support is laid out along the axis of the road so that its center of gravity is located 1-1.5 m from the center of the foundation pit. Two delays are fastened to the support stand at the base at a distance somewhat greater than the depth of the pit, the support is sling with a semi-automatic sling, lifted by a crane to the vertical position and with the help of it and the delays is lowered into the pit so that the traverse is perpendicular to the line axis. If necessary, the support is turned by a lever threaded into a loop covering its stand. After lowering the support using a plumb or theodolite, verify its verticality by moving the boom of the crane. After finishing the alignment, temporarily fix the support with three-four wedges, remove the semi-automatic sling (without lifting onto the support) and all the rigging, and move the crane to the next support.

For installation of single-post supports of all types up to 25 m high and weighing up to 7 tons, a special crane K-LEP-7 is used. The performance of such a crane 10-12 supports per shift.

When installing a support using a self-propelled crane and a tractor (Fig. 10), the crane is positioned across the axis of the line at a distance of at least 1 m from the excavation; the support is laid out with a crane along the axis of the track so that its base is at a distance of 1.5-2 m from the edge of the pit. To the support in the upper part of the cable is attached, going to the winch or the hook of the tractor. Crane support rises to the maximum possible height and gently lowered into the pit until it stops at the bottom of the pit or the foothill. The traction cable attached to the top of the support is tensioned until the crane sling is loosened. The sling is removed, the crane moves away from the support to a safe distance, and the tractor lifts it to a vertical position. Then set the bolts, fall asleep the pit with subsequent tamping of the soil, remove the rigging.

Fig.10. Installation of the support using a self-propelled crane and tractor

Ready-made supports, assembled on the highway or assembled on it, are installed directly into the pits using drill-crane machines or crane-installers of supports KVL-8 (Fig. 11, a). Wooden and reinforced concrete single column supports weighing up to 4 tons can be installed in trenches by an automobile crane (Fig.11, b).

Fig.11. Installation of the supports by crane-installers (a), automobile cranes (b)

Manual installation of the supports is carried out in exceptional cases. Manual single-post supports are usually installed manually. When installing, the support is lifted off the top, the goats are brought under it and gradually move them to the base of the support, while simultaneously supporting the support with hooks and tongs. For better sliding butt support in the pit, install a guide board, which, after installing the supports clean.

After installation of the supports by any of the methods described, each support should bear the number of the support and the year of installation. Warning signs are placed on the supports of the line with voltage above 1000 V at a height of 2.5-3 m. On the end supports and on the supports, where the arrangement of the wires changes, in addition, the colors of the phases are applied. In places of possible damage to the supports by transport, bollards should be installed.
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We will carry out a complex of electricity supply services, the result of which will be the successful commissioning of projects of external and internal electrification of the region. Our experts will carry out the most complex electrical installation and commissioning work in the shortest possible time.

The process of power supply realization goes through several most important and labor-intensive stages, the cost and time of work depend on the correctness of their implementation.

Our experts will develop the optimal solution of the task set by you, which will save money and the most precious is time! To order power supply in the Moscow region  you can today.

Electricity services:

• Temporary power supply to the construction site - design and approval.

Electrical installation services:

Internal power supply

Our company employs professionals who have been engaged in the provision of power supply services in Moscow and Moscow Region for a long time. They will help you to significantly save time on the development and execution of all documentation for coordination in all necessary services and instances, as well as perform installation, commissioning and testing.

Properly organize internal power supply  we can on any object: in an apartment, in a country cottage, in an industrial or commercial complex, in a municipal, administrative building.

Connection of cable lines in Moscow

Process such as connection of cable lines in MoscowIt takes quite a lot of time due to the need to develop a project, obtain all approvals and fulfillment of connection, installation and commissioning technical conditions.

Significantly reduce the time and budget, you can by contacting qualified assistance in "MasterEnergoServis" today.

Connection of overhead lines in the Moscow region

Connecting overhead cable lines in the Moscow region is allowed by the controlling authorities in the presence of an agreed project. As a licensed organization, we will be able to develop the necessary project and get all permissive approvals.

If necessary, for the installation of the cable, we take into account the installation of supports of various types. The project necessarily calculates the number of pillars, the length of the cable spans, the number of consumables and protective devices.

External power supply

If the object is required to organize external power supply, the procedure begins with the receipt of the TU. Further we help to make TZ, to develop the project and to perform the works provided by the project.

For example, you may need to install a transformer substation, install water-distributing devices, circuit breakers, and ground loops. We carry out all activities in strict compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents in force in the Russian Federation:

• PUE (rules for electrical installations);
• ENiR (uniform standards and rates for construction, installation work);
• TSN (territorial estimated norms);
• SNiP (building codes).

Power supply installation

Today power supply installation  in the company "MasterEnergoServis" you can order "turnkey". This service includes absolutely all the activities that need to be carried out to connect to the power supply of your facility.

Tell me what you need to do, and we will answer how much it costs!